ʻO Franz Peter Schubert (1797-1828) - haku mele Austrian, kekahi o nā mea hoʻokumu i ke aloha aloha i ke mele, mea kākau o ma kahi o 600 mau mele mele, 9 symphonies, a me nā lumi piano a me nā piano ʻāpana like.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o kā Biubert moʻomeheu, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou he moʻolelo pōkole o Franz Schubert.
ʻO Biubert biography
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Franz Schubert ma ka lā 31 o Ianuali, 1797 ma Vienna, ke kapikala o ʻAukekulia. Ua ulu ʻo ia i loko o kahi ʻohana maʻalahi me kahi loaʻa kālā haʻahaʻa.
ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Franz Theodor, i aʻo ma ke kula parish, a ʻo kona makuahine, ʻo Elisabeta, kahi kuke. He 14 keiki a ka ʻohana Schubert, 9 o lākou i make i ka wā kamaliʻi.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
Ua hoʻomaka ke kālena mele a Schubert e hōʻike iā ia iho i ka wā ʻōpio. ʻO kāna mau kumu mua kona makuakāne, ka mea hoʻokani pila, a me kona kaikaina ʻo Ignaz, ka mea i ʻike i ka hoʻokani piano.
I ka piha ʻana o 6 mau makahiki iā Franz, ua hoʻouna kona mau mākua iā ia i kahi kula pareka. I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo i ke mele ʻana a me ka hoʻokani ʻana i ka meaola. He leo leʻaleʻa kā ke keikikāne, ma muli o ka hopena ua hānai ʻia ʻo ia e ke keikikāne "mele" i ka hale pule kūloko, a ua kākau inoa ʻia nō hoʻi i ke kula me kahi hale noho, kahi āna i hoaaloha nui ai.
Ma ka moʻolelo o 1810-1813. ʻO kā kā Schubert talena ma ke ʻano he haku mele. Ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi mele, kahi opera a me nā mele like ʻole.
ʻO nā kumuhana paʻakikī no ke kanaka ʻōpio ka makemakika a me ka Lākina. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea i kanalua i kāna tālena mele. I 1808 ua kono ʻia ʻo Schubert i ka papa hīmeni o ka emepaea.
I ka manawa he 13 mau makahiki ka Austrian, ua kākau ʻo ia i kāna mele mele koʻikoʻi mua loa. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Antonio Salieri e aʻo iā ia. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi loa ua ʻae ʻo Salieri e hāʻawi i nā haʻawina iā Franz me ka uku ʻole, no ka mea ua ʻike ʻo ia i ke kālena iā ia.
Mele
I ka wā o kona mau ʻōpio, ua hoʻomaka ka leo o Schubert e haki, pono ʻo ia e haʻalele i ka hui hīmeni. Ma hope o kēlā ua komo ʻo ia i ke kula nui a nā kumu. I ka 1814 ua loaʻa iā ia kahi hana ma ke kula, ke aʻo nei i ka pīʻāpā i nā haumāna o ke kula haʻahaʻa.
I kēlā manawa, hoʻomau nā mōʻaukala ʻo Franz Schubert i ka haku mele ʻana, a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka hana a Mozart, Beethoven a me Gluck. Ua ʻike koke ʻo ia ʻo ka hana ʻana ma ke kula kahi hana maʻamau na ia, ma muli o kāna hopena ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e haʻalele iā 1818.
I ka makahiki 20, ua kākau ʻo Schubert ma kahi o 5 symphonies, 7 sonatas a ma kahi o 300 mau mele. Ua haku ʻo ia i kāna mau mea hana "a puni ka uaki". Ua ala pinepine ka mea haku mele i ke aumoe e hoʻopaʻa leo i ke mele āna i lohe ai i kāna hiamoe.
Hele pinepine ʻo Franz i nā ahiahi mele like ʻole, a he nui nā mea i mālama ʻia i kona home. I ka 1816, makemake ʻo ia e loaʻa kahi hana ma ke ʻano alakaʻi ma Laibach, akā hōʻole ʻia.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua mālama ʻia kahi hanana nui i ka moʻolelo ola a Schubert. Ua launa ʻo ia me ka baritone kaulana ʻo Johann Fogal. ʻO kāna mau mele i hana ʻia e Vogl i loaʻa i ke kaulana nui i ke kaiāulu kiʻekiʻe.
Ua kākau ʻo Franz i nā hana mana he nui, e like me "The Forest Tsar" a me "Erlafsee". He mau hoaaloha waiwai ko Schubert i makemake i kāna hana a nāna i hāʻawi iā ia i kēlā me kēia manawa me ke kōkua kālā.
Eia nō naʻe, i ka nui, ʻaʻohe waiwai o ke kāne. ʻO ka opera ʻo Alfonso lāua ʻo Estrella, ka mea a Franz i mahalo ai, i hōʻole ʻia. Ua alakaʻi kēia i nā pilikia kālā. I ka 1822 ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i nā pilikia olakino.
I kēlā manawa, neʻe ʻo Schubert i Zheliz, kahi i noho ai i ka waiwai o Count Johannes Esterhazy. Ma laila ʻo ia i aʻo ai i kāna mau kaikamahine i mau mele. I ka makahiki 1823 ua koho ʻia ua kāne nei i lālā hanohano o ka Uniona Styrian a me Linz Musical Unions.
A puni ka manawa like, hōʻike ka mea hoʻokani pila i kāna pōʻai mele "Ka Wahine Miller Nani", ma muli o nā huaʻōlelo a Wilhelm Müller. A laila ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi pōʻaiapuni "Ke Ala hoʻoilo", i hele ʻia e nā memo pessimistic.
Wahi a nā mea kākau moʻolelo a Schubert ma muli o ka ʻilihune, ua hoʻokau ʻia ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia manawa e noho i ka pō i nā attics. Eia naʻe, ma laila ʻo ia i hoʻomau ai i ka haku mele ʻana. I nā makahiki hope loa o kona ola, ua hemahema loa ia, akā hilahila ʻo ia e noi i nā hoaaloha no ke kōkua.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i ka wā puna o 1828 ua hāʻawi ka mea hoʻokani pila i ka ʻaha mele lehulehu wale i kūleʻa nui.
Ke ola pilikino
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Schubert e ka akahai a me ka hilahila. Ua kāohi ka hanana kālā kālā a ka haku mele iā ia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi ʻohana, ʻoiai ʻo ke kaikamahine āna i aloha ai i koho e mare i kahi kāne waiwai.
ʻO Teresa Gorb ka mea i aloha nui ʻia. He mea hoihoi e hiki ʻole ke kapa ʻia ke kaikamahine he nani. He lauoho huluhulu ʻeleʻele kona a me ka helehelena mae me nā meheu o ka puʻupuʻu.
Eia naʻe, ua nānā nui ʻo Schubert ʻaʻole i ko Teresa helehelena, akā i ka hoʻolohe pono ʻana i kāna mau hana mele. I loko o kēlā mau manawa, ua helehelena a maka ke kaikamahine, a ua hoʻomālamalama maoli kona mau maka i ka hauʻoli. Akā mai ka ulu ʻana o Gorb me ka ʻole o kahi makuakāne, ua hoʻohuli ka hoʻopiʻi iā ia i kāna kaikamahine e lilo i wahine na kahi chef pastry waiwai.
Wahi a nā lono, i ka makahiki 1822 ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Franz i ka syphilis, a laila ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia. Mai kēia mea hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā lawelawe o nā wahine hoʻokamakama.
Make
Ua make ʻo Franz Schubert ma Nowemapa 19, 1828 i ka makahiki 31 ma hope o ke kuni 2-wiki i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka fiva typhoid. Ua kanu ʻia ʻo ia ma ka hale kupapaʻu ʻo Wehring, kahi i kanu ʻia ai kāna akua kiʻi ʻo Beethoven.
He pīhoihoi ka ʻike nui ʻia o ka mele a ka haku mele ma C major i 10 mau makahiki wale nō ma hope o kona make ʻana. Hoʻohui ʻia, nui nā palapala kākau i hoʻopuka ʻole ʻia i koe ma hope o kona make ʻana. No ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike he pili lākou i ka peni o kahi haku mele Austrian.
Nā kiʻi Schubert
