ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ke kaua o ka Ice

ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ke kaua o ka Ice e pili ana i kekahi o nā kaua kaulana loa o ka moʻolelo o Rūsia. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ua hoʻoili ʻia kēia kaua ma ka hau o ka loko ʻo Peipsi i ka makahiki 1242. I loko o laila, ua lanakila ka pūʻali koa o Alexander Nevsky e hoʻokahuli i nā koa o ke Kauoha Livonian.

No laila, eia nā mea hoihoi loa e pili ana i ke kaua ma ka Ice.

1. ʻO ka pūʻali koa Lūkia, ka mea i komo i kēia kaua, i loko o nā pūʻali koa o 2 kūlanakauhale - ʻo Veliky Novgorod a me ko Vladimir-Suzdal poʻokela.
2. ʻO ka lā o ke kaua ma ka hau (ʻApelila 5, e like me ka kalena Julian) ma Lūkia kekahi o nā lā o ka hanohano koa.
3. I nā kenekulia i hala, ua loli ka hydrography o Lake Peipsi i hiki ʻole i nā ʻepekema ke ʻae i ka kahua maoli o ke kaua.
4. Aia kekahi kuhihewa ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka kaua o ka Ice ma ka hau o ka loko, akā ma ka ʻaoʻao aʻe. Manaʻo kekahi mau loea he mea hiki ʻole paha i kekahi alakaʻi koa ke ʻaʻa e lawe i nā koa i ka hau lahilahi. ʻIke maopopo, ua hoʻoili ʻia ke kaua ma kahakai o Lake Peipsi, a ua hoʻolei ʻia nā Kelemania i loko o kāna wai kai.
5. ʻO nā mea kūʻē mai ka pūʻali Lūkia nā naita o ka Papa Livonian, a ua manaʻo maoli ʻia he "lālā kūʻokoʻa" o ka Papa Teutonic.
6. No nā mea nui a pau o ke kaua ma ka Ice, he kakaikahi wale nō nā koa i make i loko. Wahi a ka Novgorod Chronicle ua lilo ka nalo ʻana o nā Kelemania ma kahi o 400 mau kānaka, a pehea ka nui o nā koa i lilo i ka pūʻali Lūkia i ʻike ʻole ʻia.
7. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i loko o ka Livonian Chronicle ʻaʻole wehewehe ʻia kēia kaua ma ka hau, akā ma ka honua. ʻLelo ʻia ua "hāʻule nā ​​koa i luku ʻia i ka mauʻu."
8. Ma ka 1242 like i hoʻopau ai ka Polokalamu Teutonic i kahi ʻaelike maluhia me Novgorod.
9. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe ma hope o ka pūlima ʻia ʻana o ka ʻaelike maluhia, ua haʻalele nā ​​Teutons i kā lākou naʻi aupuni hou ʻana ma Russia wale nō, akā ma Letgola (ka ʻāina o Latvia i kēia manawa).
10. ʻO Alexander Nevsky (ʻike i nā mea hoihoi e pili ana iā Alexander Nevsky), ka mea i alakaʻi i ka pūʻali Lūkini i ka wā o ke kaua o ka Ice, he 21 mau makahiki kona.
11. I ka hopena o ke kaua, ua lawe ka Teutons i ka manaʻo e hoʻololi i nā pio, a ua māʻona me Nevsky.
12. He mea pīhoihoi ia ma hope o 10 mau makahiki ua hoʻāʻo hou nā naita e hopu iā Pskov.
13. Kāhea nā mea mōʻaukala he nui i ke kaua o ka Ice kekahi o nā kaua "mythologized" i loko o ka mōʻaukala Lūkia, ʻoiai he ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe ʻike pono e pili ana i ke kaua.
14. ʻAʻole hoʻi nā kākau moʻolelo Lūkia mana, a me ke kauoha "Chronicle of Grandmasters" a me "The Elder Livonian Chronicle of Rhymes" i ʻōlelo e hāʻule nā ​​ʻaoʻao ʻelua i ka hau.
15. ʻO ka lanakila ma luna o ka Livonian Order kahi manaʻo psychological, no ka mea, ua lanakila i ka wā o ka nāwaliwali o Lūkia mai ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana a Tatar-Mongols.
16. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻoi aku ma kahi o 30 mau kaua ma waena o Lūkia a me nā Teutons.
17. I ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ua kau ka poʻe Kelemania i ko lākou pūʻali koa i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "puaʻa" - kahi hoʻokumu i ke ʻano o ka ʻoki kūpilikiʻi. ʻO ia ʻano hana i hiki ai ke hoʻouka i ka pūʻali koa ʻenemi, a laila wāwahi ʻia i nā ʻāpana.
18. ʻO nā koa mai Denmark a me ke kūlanakauhale Estonia o Tartu ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka Livonian Order.

E nānā i ka wikiō: E Ho Mai Hawaiian Chant (Nowemapa 2024).