ʻO Zarathushtraʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano ʻO Zarathustra - ka mea hoʻokumu o Zoroastrianism (Mazdeism), kahuna a me ke kāula, i hāʻawi ʻia i ka Revelation of Ahura-Mazda ma ke ʻano o ka Avesta - ka palapala hemolele a Zoroastrianism.
Ua piha ka moʻolelo pilikino o Zarathustra i nā mea hoihoi mai kona ola pilikino a hoʻomana.
No laila, eia kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Zarathustra.
Kawaihae o Zarathustra
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Zarathustra ma Rades, kahi o nā kūlanakauhale kahiko loa ma ʻIrana.
ʻAʻole maopopo ka lā hānau maoli o Zarathustra. Manaʻo ʻia ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia i ka huli ʻana o nā kenekulia 7 a 6. BC. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kālailai ʻana o nā Ghats (ka ʻāpana nui o nā ʻatikala hemolele o nā Zoroastrians) ka lā o ka hana a ka makāula i nā kenekulia 12-10. BC.
ʻO ka lāhui o Zarathustra kekahi kumu o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma waena o kāna mea kākau moʻolelo. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kumuwaiwai like ʻole i nā Peresia, nā ʻInia, nā Helene, ʻAsuria, Kaledea, a me nā Iudaio kekahi.
ʻO kekahi mau mea kākau moʻolelo Muslim medieval, e hilinaʻi nei i nā kumuwaiwai Zoroastrian kahiko, kuhikuhi ʻia ua hānau ʻia ʻo Zarathustra ma Atropatena, ma ka ʻāina o ka Azerbaijan o Iran hou.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
Wahi a nā Ghats (17 mau mele haipule a ka makāula) ʻo Zarathustra i hele mai kahi laina kahuna o ka wā kahiko. Ma waho ona, ʻo kona mau mākua - makua kāne ʻo Porushaspa lāua ʻo makuahine Dugdova, he ʻehā mau keiki kāne hou aku.
ʻAʻole like me kona mau kaikaina, i ka hānau ʻana ʻaʻole i uē ʻo Zarathustra, akā ʻakaʻaka, e luku ana i nā daimonio 2000 me kāna ʻakaʻaka. Ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻo ia ka ʻōlelo a nā puke kahiko.
Wahi a ka kuʻuna, holoi ʻia kahi keiki hānau hou me ka mimi bipi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻili hipa.
Mai ka wā kamaliʻi mai, ua hana ʻo Zarathustra i nā hana mana he nui, e lili ana i nā pūʻali pouli. Ua hoʻāʻo kēia mau pūʻali i nā manawa he nui e pepehi i ke keikikāne, akā ʻaʻohe mea maikaʻi, ʻoiai ua pale ʻia ʻo ia e ka mana akua.
Kaulana ka inoa o ka makāula i kēlā manawa. Ma ke ʻano maoli, ua manaʻo ʻia - "ka mea nona ke kāmelo kahiko."
I ka makahiki 7, ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia ʻo Zarathustra i ka ʻoihana kahuna. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ke aʻo ʻia ʻana i waha ma ka waha, ʻoiai i kēlā manawa ʻaʻohe o ka poʻe Iran i kahi ʻōlelo kākau.
Ua komo ke keiki i ke aʻo ʻana i nā kuʻuna a hoʻomanaʻo i nā mantras i koe mai ko lākou mau kūpuna mai. I ka makahiki 15 ona, ua lilo ʻo Zarathustra i mantran - ka mea hōʻuluʻulu o nā mantera. Ua haku ʻo ia i nā mele haipule a me nā oli me kahi tālena mele.
Kāula
ʻO ka wā o Zarathustra i manaʻo ʻia he manawa e hoʻoliʻiliʻi pono. A laila, ma kekahi wahi ma hope o kekahi, ua kaua ʻia, a ua mālama ʻia hoʻi nā mōhai hoʻomāinoino a me ka ʻuhane.
Ua lanakila ʻo Madeism (polytheism) ma ka ʻāina o ʻIrani. Hoʻomana ka poʻe i nā mea kūlohelohe, akā liuliu loli. I mea e puku ai i ka polytheism Zarathustra i lawe mai ai i ka hilinaʻi i hoʻokahi Haku Wise - ʻo Ahura Mazda.
Wahi a nā moʻolelo kahiko, i ka makahiki 20, ua hāʻawi ʻo Zarathustra i nā makemake like ʻole o ke kino, e hoʻoholo ana e alakaʻi i kahi ola pono. No 10 mau makahiki, ua huakaʻi ʻo ia i ka honua e ʻimi nei i ka hōʻike akua.
Ua loaʻa iā Zarathustra kahi hōʻike i kona makahiki 30. Ua hana kēia i kekahi lā puna i kona wā i hele ai i ka muliwai no ka wai.
I ka manawa ma kahakai, ua ʻike koke ke kāne i kekahi mea e alohilohi ana. Ua kāhea ʻia ʻo ia e ka hihiʻo a alakaʻi i 6 mau ʻano luminous ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke poʻokela o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ʻōlinolino ʻo Ahura Mazda, ka mea a Zarathustra i hoʻolaha ai ma ke ʻano he mea hana, nāna i kāhea iā ia e lawelawe. Ma hope o kēia hanana, ua hoʻomaka ka makāula e haʻi aku i kona mau hoapapa i nā berita a kona akua.
Ua lilo a nui a kaulana ʻo Zoroastrianism i kēlā me kēia lā. Ua pālahalaha koke aku ia i Afghanistan, Central Asia a me South Kazakhstan.
Ua kāhea ke aʻo hou i nā poʻe i ka pono a me ka haʻalele ʻana i kekahi ʻano ʻino. ʻIke ia i ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pāpā ʻo Zoroastrianism i nā hana a me nā mōhai.
Eia nō naʻe, kānalua nā kamaʻāina o Zarathustra i kāna mau aʻo. Ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe Media (Iran komohana) ʻaʻole e loli i kā lākou hoʻomana, kipaku aku i ka makāula mai ko lākou ʻāina.
Ma hope o kāna lawe pio ʻana, ua holoholo ʻo Zarathustra i nā kūlanakauhale ʻokoʻa no 10 mau makahiki, ke kū pinepine nei i nā hoʻokolokolo paʻakikī. Ua loaʻa iā ia kahi pane i kāna hoʻolaha ʻana ma ka hikina o ka ʻāina.
Ua loaʻa iā Zarathustra me ka mahalo e ke poʻo o Aryeshayana - ka mokuʻāina i noho i ka moku o Turkmmenistan a me Afghanistan. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hopu ʻia nā kānāwai o Ahura Mazda, a me nā haʻi ʻōlelo a ke kāula, ma nā ʻili bipi he 12,000.
Hoʻoholo ʻia e waiho i ka puke laʻa nui, ka Avesta, i ka waihona waiwai aliʻi. Ua hoʻomau ʻo Zarathustra iā ia iho e noho i kahi ana i kū i nā kuahiwi o Bukhara.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Zarathustra ke kāula mua nāna i haʻi e pili ana i ke ola o ka lani a me gehena, e pili ana i ke alahou ʻana ma hope o ka make a me ka hoʻokolokolo hope loa. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ke ola o kēlā me kēia kanaka e pili ana i kāna hana, nā ʻōlelo a me nā manaʻo.
ʻO ke aʻo a ka makāula e pili ana i ka hakakā ma waena o nā ikaika o ka maikaʻi a me ka hewa e hoʻopuka i nā huaʻōlelo o ka Baibala a me nā manaʻo o Plato. I ka manawa like, pili ka Zoroastrianism i ka hilinaʻi i ka hemolele o nā mea kūlohelohe a me ke ʻano o ka nohona, e like me nā mea i hana ʻia o Ahura-Mazda, a no laila pono ka mālama ʻana iā lākou
I kēia lā, ua ola nā kaiāulu Zoroastrian ma Iran (Gebras) a me India (Parsis). Eia kekahi, no ka neʻe ʻana mai nā ʻāina ʻelua, ua hoʻomohala nā kaiāulu i United States a me Western Europe. I kēia manawa, aia a hiki i ka 100,000 poʻe i ka honua e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā Zoroastrianism.
Ke ola pilikino
Aia he mau wahine 3 i ka moʻomeheu o Zarathustra. ʻO ka manawa mua i mare ai i kahi wahine kāne make, a ʻo nā mea ʻelua ʻē aʻe ua mare ʻo ia me nā wahine puʻupaʻa.
Ma hope o ka hui ʻana me Ahura Mazda, ua loaʻa i ua kāne nei kahi kuʻikahi, e like me ka mea e pono ai i kekahi kanaka e waiho i kāna keiki. Inā ʻole, e manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he lawehala a ʻaʻole ʻike i ka hauʻoli i ke ola. Hāʻawi nā keiki i ka make ʻole a hiki i ka hoʻokolokolo hope loa.
Ua hānau ka wahine kāne make iā Zarathushtra 2 mau keiki kāne - Urvatat-nara lāua ʻo Hvara-chitra. I ke oʻo ʻana, ua hoʻomaka ka mea mua e mahi i ka ʻāina a komo i ka hanai holoholona, a ʻo ka lua i ka ʻoihana koa.
Mai nā wahine ʻē aʻe, ʻehā keiki a Zarathushtra: ʻo ke keiki a Isad-vastra, ka mea i lilo i kahuna nui no Zoroastrianism, a me nā kaikamahine 3: Freni, Triti a me Poruchista.
Make
ʻO ka mea pepehi kanaka iā Zarathustra i lilo i kekahi Brother-resh Tur. ʻO ka hoihoi, ua makemake mua ʻo ia e pepehi i ke kāula e hiki mai ana i kona wā pēpē. Ua hoʻāʻo hou ka mea pepehi kanaka ma hope o 77 mau makahiki, ua ʻelemakule ʻelemakule.
Ua hele mālie ʻo Brother-resh Tur i kahi e noho ai ʻo Zarathustra iā ia e pule ana. Ke ʻimi nei i kāna mea i hōʻeha ʻia ma hope, ua kī ʻo ia i ka pahi kaua i hope o ke kahuna haʻiʻōlelo, a ia manawa make ʻo ia iā ia iho.
Ua ʻike mua ʻo Zarathustra i ka make kolohe, a no laila ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo ia no ia no nā lā he 40 i hala o kona ola.
Hōʻike nā ʻepekema haipule i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā pule he kanahā o ka pule a ka makāula i nā hoʻomana like ʻole i nā lā he 40. I loko o nā hoʻomana he nui, aia kekahi aʻo e hoʻomau ka ʻuhane o ka mea i make i ka honua kanaka i hoʻokahi kanahā mau lā ma hope o ka make.
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka lā kikoʻī o ka make ʻana o Zarathustra. Manaʻo ʻia ua make ʻo ia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia 1500-1000. I ka huina, ua ola ʻo Zarathustra no 77 mau makahiki.
