ʻO Hugo Rafael Chavez Frias (1954-2013) - ʻO ka hoʻohuli aupuni Venezuelan, ka luna aupuni a me ka mea kālaiʻāina, Pelekikena o Venezuela (1999-2013), ka luna o ka neʻe ʻana no ka Repubalika ʻElima, a laila ka United Socialist Party o Venezuela, a me nā hui politika i hui pū i ka neʻe. ".
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Hugo Chavez, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Chavez.
Kawaihae o Hugo Chavez
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Hugo Chavez Frias ma ka lā 28 o Iulai 1954 ma ke kauhale ʻo Sabaneta (ka mokuʻāina ʻo Barinas). ʻO kona mau mākua, ʻo Hugo de los Reyes lāua ʻo Helene Friaz, i aʻo ʻia ma ke kula kuaʻāina. I ka ʻohana Chavez, ʻo ia ka lua o nā keiki 7.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
Wahi a nā hoʻomanaʻo a Hugo, ʻoiai ua ilihune kona wā kamaliʻi, ua hauʻoli ia. Ua noho ʻo ia i kona mau makahiki mua i ke kauhale o Los Rastrojos. I kēia manawa i kāna moʻolelo pilikino, ua moemoeā ʻo ia e lilo i mea pāʻani kinipōpō peku kaulana.
Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike mua, ua hoʻouna aku kona mau mākua iā ia me kona kaikaina i kona kupunahine ma Sabaneta, no ke komo ʻana i ka lyceum.
He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo he ʻano hoʻomana Katolika koʻu kupuna wahine. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻomaka ʻo Hugo Chavez e lawelawe i kahi luakini kūloko. Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ka lyceum, ua lilo' o ia i haumana ma ke kula 'oihana koa. Ma aneʻi ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka pāʻani kinipōpō hīnaʻi a me nā kinipōpō hīnaʻi (kahi ʻano o ka kinipōpō hīnaʻi).
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo Chavez i pāʻani i ka hoʻokūkū kinipōpō hīnaʻi ma Venezuelan. Lawe nui ʻia ʻo Hugo e nā manaʻo o ka mea hoʻohuli kipi kaulana o ʻApelika Hema Bolivar. Ma ke ala, ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Bolivia i ka hanohano o kēia kipi.
Ua hana ʻo Ernesto Che Guevara i kahi manaʻo maikaʻi loa i ua kanaka nei. ʻO ia ma kāna mau aʻo ʻana ma ke kula ʻo Hugo i huli nui i ka ʻilihune o ka papa hana ma Venezuela. Ua hoʻoholo paʻa ʻo ia e hana ʻo ia i nā mea āpau e kōkua ai i kona poʻe makaʻāinana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou ola.
I ka makahiki 20, ua hele ʻo Chávez i kahi hanana e hoʻolauleʻa ana i ke kaua o Ayacucho, i hana ʻia i ka wā o ke Kaua Kūʻokoʻa o Peruvian. Ma waena o nā malihini ʻē aʻe, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Pelekikena o ka ʻāina ʻo Juan Velasco Alvarado mai ka rostrum.
Ua ʻōlelo ka mea kālaiʻāina i ka pono o ka hana koa e hoʻopau i ka palaho o ka poʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka ʻōlelo a Alvarado i hoʻohauʻoli nui i ka ʻōpio ʻo Hugo Chavez a hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo ia e ia no nā makahiki he nui.
I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hālāwai ke kāne me ke keiki a Omar Torrijos - ke kiaʻāina o Panama. ʻO nā hoʻopiʻi a Velasco a me Torrijos i hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā Chavez i ka pololei o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ke aupuni o kēia manawa ma o ka haunaele kaua. I ka makahiki 1975, ua puka ka haumana me nā hanohano o ka Academy a komo i ka pūʻali koa.
Kālaiʻāina
I loko o kāna lawelawe ʻana i ka hui anti-partisan i Barinas, ua launa ʻo Hugo Chavez me nā hana a Karl Marx lāua ʻo Vladimir Lenin, a me nā mea kākau pro-komunista ʻē aʻe. Ua makemake ke koa i kāna mea i heluhelu ai, a no laila ua lilo ia i mea ʻoi loa i kona manaʻo hema.
Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua ʻike ʻo Chavez ʻaʻole wale ke aupuni laulā, akā ʻo ka elite pūʻali koa holoʻokoʻa i hana ʻino loa. Pehea e hiki ai i kekahi ke wehewehe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole i hōʻea ke kālā i loaʻa mai ke kūʻai aku o ka ʻaila i ka poʻe ʻilihune.
Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka 1982, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Hugo i ka Bolivarian Revolutionary Party-200. I ka mua, ua hana kēia ikaika politika i nā mea e aʻo i ka poʻe like i ka moʻolelo o ka pūʻali koa i mea e hoʻokumu ai i kahi ʻōnaehana kaua hou.
I ka manawa o ka moʻomeheu, aia ʻo Chavez i ke kūlana o ke kāpena. No kekahi mau manawa ua aʻo ʻo ia ma kāna kula ʻoiwi, kahi i hiki ai iā ia ke kaʻana like i kona mau manaʻo me nā haumāna. Ma hope koke iho ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia i kekahi kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe.
He kānalua kūpono loa kā ke kāne e makemake wale ana lākou e kāpae iā ia, ʻoiai ua hoʻomaka ka alakaʻi o ka pūʻali koa e hoʻomakaʻu i kāna mau hana. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole i nalowale ke poʻo o Ugo a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻokokoke i ka ʻohana Yaruro a me Quiba - nā kamaʻāina ʻōiwi o nā ʻāina o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Apure.
Ma ke ʻano he hoaaloha me kēia mau ʻohana, ua ʻike ʻo Chavez he mea pono e hōʻoki i ka hana ʻino a ka poʻe ʻōiwi o ka mokuʻāina a hoʻoponopono hou i nā bila no ka pale ʻana i nā kuleana o nā lāhui ʻōiwi (nāna e hana ma hope). I ka makahiki 1986 ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ka mea nui.
I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua lilo ʻo Carlos Andres Perez i pelekikena o ka ʻāina, e hoʻohiki ana i nā poʻe koho balota e haʻalele i ka mālama ʻana i ke kulekele kālā o ka IMF. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Perez e alualu i nā kulekele i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi - pono i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ka IMF.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, hele aku ʻo Venezuelan i nā alanui me nā kūʻē, e hoʻohewa ana i ke aupuni o kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, ma ke kauoha a Carlos Perez, ua kāohi ikaika ʻia nā hōʻikeʻike a pau e ka pūʻali koa.
I kēia manawa, ua mālama ʻia ʻo Hugo Chavez i kahi haukapila, no laila, i kona ʻike ʻana e pili ana i nā hana ʻino i hana ʻia, ua ʻike ʻo ia he pono nui e hoʻonohonoho i kahi coup coup o ka pūʻali koa.
I ka manawa pōkole loa, ua hoʻomohala ʻo Chavez, me ka poʻe like, i kahi hoʻolālā, e like me ka mea i koi ʻia e kaohi i nā wahi koa koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi a me ka pāpāho, a hoʻopau iā Peres. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo mua ma kahi coup coup, i hana ʻia ma 1992, ʻaʻole i kau ʻia ka lei aliʻi me ka kūleʻa.
Ma nā ʻano he nui, ua holo pono ʻole ke kipi ma muli o ka nui o nā kipi, nā ʻikepili i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia a me nā hanana i ʻike ʻole ʻia ʻē aʻe. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hāʻawi manawaleʻa ʻo Hugo i nā luna a kū ma ka TV. I kāna kamaʻilio ʻana, ua noi ʻo ia i kāna poʻe kākoʻo e hāʻawi pio a kū i ka ʻōlelo me ka eo.
Ua kūkā ʻia kēia hanana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hopu ʻia ʻo Chavez a hoʻopaʻahao ʻia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hala ka hanana a me Peres, ka mea i hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai ka pelekikena no ka hana malfeasance a me ka ʻaihue ʻana o ka waihona no nā hana pilikino a me nā kalaima. Ua lilo ʻo Rafael Caldera i pelekikena hou ma Venezuela.
Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Caldera iā Chavez a me kona mau hoa, akā ua pāpā iā lākou e lawelawe i ka pūʻali koa o ka mokuʻāina. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Hugo e hōʻike i kona mau manaʻo i ka lehulehu, e ʻimi nei i ke kākoʻo ma waho. Ua ʻike koke ʻia ʻaʻole ʻano ʻokoʻa ke poʻo hou o ka ʻāina mai nā mea ma mua.
Manaʻoʻiʻo nō ka mea kipi e hiki ke lawe i ka mana i loko o kāna mau lima wale nō me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kaua. Eia nō naʻe, i kinohi, ua hoʻāʻo nō ʻo ia e hana ma ke ʻano kū kānāwai, e hoʻokumu ana i ka makahiki 1997 i ka "Movement for the Fifth Republic" (ʻo ia ka United Socialist Party o Venezuela).
I ka heihei pelekikena ʻo 1998, ua hiki iā Hugo Chavez ke kāpae iā Rafael Caldera a me nā hoa paio ʻē aʻe, a lawe i ka pelekikena i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana. I loko o kāna kau pelekikena, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i nā hoʻoponopono hou he nui.
Ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā alanui, nā haukapila a me nā hale keʻena e kūkulu ʻia ma ke kauoha a Chavez. Ua noa i ka poʻe Venezuelan ka mālama lapaʻau manuahi ʻana. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā kānāwai e pale ai i ka lāhui ʻōiwi. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i kēlā me kēia pule aia kahi papahana i kapa ʻia ʻo "Aloha, Pelekikena", kahi e hiki ai i nā mea kelepona ke kūkākūkā i kēia a i ʻole kēlā pilikia me ka Pelekikena, a e noi pū i ke kōkua.
Ua ukali ʻia ka manawa pelekikena mua e ka 2, 3 a me kahi pōkole 4. ʻAʻole i kūleʻa nā oligarchs i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā punahele a ka poʻe, ʻoiai ka putch i ka makahiki 2002 a me ka referendum i ka makahiki 2004.
Ua koho hou ʻia ʻo Chavez no ka manawa ʻehā ma Ianuali 2013. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o 3 mau mahina i make ai ʻo ia, ma muli o ka hopena i hoʻomaka ai ʻo Nicolas Maduro, ka mea i lilo i poʻo luna no Venezuela, e hana i nā hana pelekikena.
Ke ola pilikino
ʻO ka wahine mua a Ugo ʻo Nancy Calmenares, ka mea i hele mai kahi ʻohana maʻalahi. I kēia male ʻana, he keikikāne kā lāua kāne ʻo Ugo Rafael, a me 2 mau kaikamahine, ʻo Rosa Virginia lāua ʻo Maria Gabriela. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o kāna keikikāne, ua haki ke kāne me Nancy, me ka hoʻomau ʻana e kōkua i nā keiki.
I loko o ka manawa o kona moʻomeheu 1984-1993. Noho pū ʻo Chavez me Erma Marksman - kāna hoa hana. I ka 1997, ua male ʻo ia iā Marisabel Rodriguez, nāna i hānau kāna kaikamahine, ʻo Rosines. Ua hoʻoholo lāua e haʻalele i 2004.
Ua makemake ka mea kālaiʻāina i ka heluhelu, a me ka nānā ʻana i nā palapala paʻi kiʻi a me nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Ma waena o kāna mau leʻaleʻa ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania. He Katolika ʻo Hugo i ʻike i nā aʻa o kāna papa kaiaulu ponoʻī i ke aʻo a Iesū Kristo, ka mea āna i kapa ai "he komunista maoli, anti-imperialist a me ka ʻenemi o ka oligarchy."
He mau ʻaelike kūʻē nui kā Chavez me nā kāhuna pule. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia i aʻoaʻo aku i nā kāhuna pule e heluhelu i nā hana a Marx, Lenin a me ka Baibala.
Make
I ka 2011, ua aʻo ʻo Hugo ua loaʻa ʻo ia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ua hele ʻo ia i Cuba, kahi i hana ai i kahi ʻoki kino e kāpae i kahi tumo kolohe. I ka manawa mua, aia ke olakino o kona olakino, akā hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, hōʻike hou ka maʻi iā ia iho.
Ua make ʻo Hugo Chavez ma ka lā 5 Malaki 2013 i ka makahiki 58. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Maduro ʻo ke kanesa ke kumu o ka make, ʻoiai ʻo General Ornelli i ʻōlelo ua make ka pelekikena ma muli o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai nui. Nui nā lono i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua ʻake ʻia ʻo Hugo e nā ʻAmelika, ka poʻe i hoʻopiʻi iā ia i ka maʻi oncovirus. Ua ʻāhulu ʻia ke kino o Chavez a hōʻike ʻia i ka Museum of the Revolution.
Na Hugo Chavez i kiʻi
