Pavel Petrovich Kadochnikov (1915-1988) - Ka hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Soviet, alakaʻi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, mea kākau kākau a me kumu. ʻO Laureate o 3 Stalin Prize a me ka Art Artist o ka USSR.
Nui nā mea hoihoi i ka moʻolelo pilikino o Pavel Kadochnikov, a mākou e kūkākūkā ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Kadochnikov.
Kawaihae o Pavel Kadochnikov
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Pavel Kadochnikov ma ka lā 16 o Iulai (29), 1915 ma Petrograd. Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i kahi ʻohana maʻalahi i pili ʻole i ka kinima. I ka wā o ke Kaua Kivila, ua neʻe ʻo ia a me kona mau mākua i ke kauhale Ural o Bikbard, kahi i noho ai i kona wā kamaliʻi.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
I ke kauhale, ua hele ʻo Pavel i kahi kula kaiāulu. I ka manawa like, makemake ʻo ia i ke kaha kiʻi. ʻO kona makuahine, he wahine naʻaupō a naʻaupō, ua hoʻokumu iā ia i ke aloha pena.
I ka makahiki 1927, ua hoʻi ka ʻohana Kadochnikov i ka home. I kēlā manawa, kapa hou ʻia ko lākou ʻāina hānau ʻo Leningrad. Ma ʻaneʻi ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Pavel i kahi lumi pena kiʻi keiki.
I loko o kēia wā o kāna moʻolelo pilikino, ua moemoeā ʻo Kadochnikov e lilo i mea pena kiʻi, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia kāna mau moemoeā e kō. Ma muli o ka maʻi nui o kona makuakāne, ka mea hiki ʻole ke mālama pono i kāna ʻohana. ʻO ka hopena, ua haʻalele ʻo Pavel a hoʻomaka i ka hana ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua i ka laka ma kahi hale hana.
ʻOiai nā lā hana nui, hoʻomau ka ʻōpio i ke kipa ʻana i ka hale hōʻikeʻike kiʻi. Ma aneʻi i ka makahiki 1929 ua kamaʻāina ʻo ia i ka hale keaka. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e kekahi o nā alakaʻi o ka pōʻai keaka, e ʻimi nei i kahi mea hana keʻa no kāna hana.
Ua hana ʻo Kadochnikov me ka nani loa ma ke kahua hōʻike ua ʻae koke ʻia ʻo ia i kahi keaka keaka, kahi i loaʻa koke ai kāna kuleana mua i kahi hana.
Hale Keaka
I ka makahiki 15, lilo ʻo Pavel i haumana ma ke kula loea hana keaka ma ka Leningrad Youth Theatre. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia i kākau inoa ʻia i ke kula loea, ʻaʻohe ona manawa e loaʻa ai i ke kula kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hāʻawi ʻia i ke keʻena hoʻonaʻauao kahi kūlana o kahi kula.
I kēia manawa, kū kūʻē i ka moʻolelo pilikino o Kadochnikov e kūʻē i ke kāʻei o nā haumāna haumāna ʻē aʻe. Ua ukali ʻo ia i ke ʻano hoʻohanohano, komo i ke kāʻei a me ka sweatshirt, a hīmeni i nā mele Neapolitan, e ʻumeʻume i ka manaʻo o nā kaikamahine he nui.
I ka lilo ʻana i mea pena kiʻi i hōʻoia ʻia, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Pavel e hana ma ka hale keaka ʻōpio. Ma hope, ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hana keaka loea loa loa o ke kūlanakauhale, ma muli o ka hopena i hilinaʻi ʻia ʻo ia e pāʻani i nā mea like ʻole.
He mea pīhoihoi ia i ka wā he 20 mau makahiki o Kadochnikov, ua aʻo ʻē ʻo ia i ke ʻano ʻōlelo ma ke kula keaka. Ua hana ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ke kumu kula ma kahi o ʻekolu mau makahiki.
Nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni
Ua hōʻike mua ʻia ʻo Pavel Kadochnikov ma ka pakuhi nui i ka makahiki 1935, e pāʻani ana iā Mikhas i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Coming of Age". Ma hope o kēlā, ua loaʻa iā ia nā kuleana nui i nā kiʻi aloha ʻāina "The Defeat of Yudenich" a me "Yakov Sverdlov". Ma ke ala, i ka hana hope loa, ua ola hou ʻo ia i 2 mau mea - ke kāne kauhale ʻo Lyonka a me ka mea kākau ʻo Maxim Gorky.
I ke kiʻekiʻe o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui (1941-1945) ua hōkū ʻo Kadochnikov i ka moʻolelo epic "Revolution of Tsaritsyn". Ua haʻi e pili ana i ka pale mua o Tsaritsyn (i 1918) e nā pūʻali koa o ka Pūʻali Koa ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a Joseph Stalin a me Kliment Voroshilov.
I nā makahiki postwar, hoʻomau ʻo Pavel Kadochnikov i ka hāʻawi ʻia i nā kuleana o nā mea nui. ʻO ke kaulana loa ka hana keaka kaua "The Exploit of the Intelligencer", kahi i hoʻololi ʻia ai ʻo ia ʻo Major Fedotov. No kēia hana, ua loaʻa iā ia kāna makana ʻo Stalin Prize.
I ka makahiki aʻe, ua loaʻa ʻo Kadochnikov i ka lua o ka Stalin Prize no kāna hana ma ke ʻano ʻo Alexei Meresiev i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo The Story of a Real Man. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i ka wā o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻana, ua ʻaʻa mau ka mea hana keaka i nā prostheses i mea e hōʻike ai i kona ʻano ma ke ʻano hiki.
ʻAʻole ia he mea hoihoi loa ua hauʻoli ka mea maoli ʻo Alexei Meresiev me ka wiwo ʻole o Pavel Kadochnikov, e hoʻomaopopo ana ua like ʻo ia me ke koa maoli.
I ka makahiki 1950, ua ʻike ʻia kahi kāne i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo "Far from Moscow", no ia mea ua loaʻa iā ia ka Stalin Prize no ke kolu o ka manawa. ʻOiai ʻo Kadochnikov e pāʻani mau ana i nā ʻano makaʻu ʻole, ua ʻike ʻo ia iā ia iho i mea hoʻopaʻa i hoʻokahi kiʻi, a ʻo ia ka mea i lilo i mea hoihoi ʻole na ka mea nānā.
Ua loli nā mea ma hope o 4 mau makahiki, i ka manawa i hōkū ai ʻo Pavel Petrovich i ke mele komikina "Tiger Tamer", nāna i lawe iā ia kahi nalu hou o ke kaulana. Aia kekahi mau lono aia kekahi hihia ma waena ona a me ka "tamer" Lyudmila Kasatkina, a ua makemake ka mea hana keaka e haʻalele i ka ʻohana nona. Eia naʻe, ua kūpaʻa ʻo Lyudmila i kāna kāne.
I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻomau ʻo Kadochnikov e hōʻike i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, a lilo i lālā o ka Communist Party o ka Soviet Union (1967). I ka waena o 60, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e lawe i ke kuhikuhi ʻana, e ake ana e loaʻa ka kūleʻa i kēia kahua.
Ke kuhikuhi nei
Ua pili ka haʻalele ʻana i ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe. Ma ke kau waena o 60, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Pavel Kadochnikov e loaʻa i nā noi liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi mai nā luna kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Ma 1976 wale nō, ma hope o ka hoʻomaha lōʻihi, ua kono ʻo Nikita Mikhalkov iā ia e hōkū i "An Unfinished Piece for Mechanical Piano".
I ka wā o ka lull, pena ʻo Kadochnikov i nā kiʻi, makemake i ka hoʻohālikelike, a kākau pū i nā hana moʻokalaleo. ʻO ia ka manawa i hoʻomaka ʻo ia e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka ʻoihana o ka luna.
I ka makahiki 1965 ka mea mua o ka lipine mua a ka mea pena kiʻi "Musicians of one regiment" i hana ʻia. Ma hope o 3 mau makahiki, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Snow Maiden", kahi i hoʻokani ai ʻo Tsar Berendey. I ka makahiki 1984 ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ke mele mele ʻAʻole au e poina iā ʻoe.
I ka makahiki 1987, ua hōʻike ʻo Kadochnikov i kāna hana hope loa - ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo "Silver Strings", kahi e haʻi nei i ka moʻolelo o ka mea nāna i hana ka mea hoʻokani pila mua Lūkia ʻo Vasily Andreev.
Ke ola pilikino
ʻO ka wahine mua a Pavel kāna hoa papa ma ke kula loea ʻo Tatyana Nikitina, ka mea e lilo i alakaʻi keaka. I loko o kēia male, he keiki kāne kā lāua, ʻo Constantine. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e ukali ʻo Konstantin i ka wāwae o kona makuakāne.
Ma hope o kēlā, ua male ʻo Kadochnikov i ka wahine wahine ʻo Rosalia Kotovich. Ma hope he keiki kāne kā lāua, ʻo Peter, a lilo i mea pena kiʻi. Ua ulu ke ola i kahi ala i hala aku ai ʻo Pavel Petrovich ma mua o nā keikikāne ʻelua.
I ka 1981, ua make kaumaha ʻo Peter ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana mai kahi kumulāʻau, a 3 mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua make ʻo Konstantin i kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai. Inā ʻoe e hilinaʻi i ka moʻopuna a ka mea pena, a laila he keiki kāne ʻole hoʻi kā ke kupuna kāne, ʻo Victor, e noho nei ma ʻEulopa i kēia lā.
Make
ʻO ka make ʻana o nā keikikāne ʻelua i kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke olakino o ka mea hana keaka. Mahalo wale i ka hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo ia i hiki ai ke pale i ka hoʻoluhi. Ua make ʻo Pavel Kadochnikov ma ka lā 2 o Mei, 1988 i ka makahiki 72. ʻO ke kumu o ka make ʻo ka hōʻeha puʻuwai.
Na Pavel Kadochnikov i kiʻi
