ʻO Boris Efimovich Nemtsov (1959-2015) - Lūkini luna politika a me ka mokuʻāina, mea kālepa. ʻO ka hope o ka Yaroslavl Regional Duma mai 2013 a 2015, ma mua o kona pepehi kanaka ʻia. Pana ʻia i ka pō Pōʻakahi 27-28, 2015 ma Moscow.
Nui nā mea hoihoi i ka moʻolelo pilikino o Nemtsov, a mākou e haʻi ai e pili ana i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Boris Nemtsov.
Kawaihae o Nemtsov
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Boris Nemtsov ma ka lā 9 ʻOkakopa 1959 ma Sochi. Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i ka ʻohana o ka luna ʻo Efim Davydovich a me kāna wahine ʻo Dina Yakovlevna, ka mea hana ma ke ʻano he kauka lapaʻau.
Ma waho o Boris, ua hānau ʻia kahi kaikamahine i kapa ʻia ʻo Julia i ka ʻohana Nemtsov.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
A hiki i ka makahiki 8, noho ʻo Boris ma Sochi, a ma hope ua neʻe ʻo ia i Gorky (ʻo Nizhny Novgorod) me kona makuahine a me kona kaikuahine.
ʻOiai ke aʻo ʻana ma ke kula, ua loaʻa iā Nemtsov nā māka kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻano hoʻopaʻapaʻa āpau, a no laila puka ʻia me ka mekala gula.
Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomau ʻo Boris i ke aʻo ʻana ma ke kulanui kūloko ma ke Keʻena ʻo Radiophysics. ʻO ia nō kekahi o nā haumana ʻoi loa, a ma ke ʻano he puka ia i puka mai ke kula nui me ka hanohano.
Ma hope o ka puka ʻana, ua hana ʻo Nemtsov no kekahi manawa ma ke keʻena noiʻi. Ua hana ʻo ia ma nā pilikia o hydrodynamics, physics physics a me nā acoustics.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i loko o kēlā wā o kāna moʻolelo pilikino, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Boris e kākau i nā mele a me nā moʻolelo, a hāʻawi pū i nā haʻawina Pelekane a me ka makemakika ma ke ʻano he kumu aʻo.
I ka makahiki 26, ua loaʻa ke kanaka i kahi PhD i ka Physics a me ka Makemakika. I kēlā manawa, ua paʻi ʻo ia ma mua o 60 mau pepa ʻepekema.
I ka makahiki 1988, ua hui pū ʻo Nemtsov i nā mea hoʻouluulu nāna i koi aku e hoʻopau ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hale hana nukelea Gorky no ka mea ua haumia ia kaiapuni.
Ma lalo o ke kaomi a nā mea hoʻouluulu, ua ʻae nā luna kūloko e hoʻopau i ke kūkulu ʻana o ke kahua. I loko o kēlā manawa o kāna moʻolelo pilikino i lilo ai ʻo Boris i hoihoi i ka politika, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka ʻepekema i ke kua.
ʻOihana politika
I ka makahiki 1989, ua koho ʻia ʻo Nemtsov i moho no ka hope o ka poʻe o ka USSR, akā ʻaʻole nā luna o ke kōmike koho i hoʻopaʻa inoa iā ia. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole ia he lālā o ka ʻAoʻao Komunista.
I ka makahiki aʻe e lilo ana ka polikiki ʻōpio i hope kanaka. Ma hope mai he lālā ʻo ia no nā pūʻali koa politika e like me "Reform Coalition" a me "Center Left - Cooperation".
I kēlā manawa, pili kokoke ʻo Boris iā Yeltsin, ka mea hoihoi i kona manaʻo no ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana o Lūkia. Ma hope, he lālā ʻo ia o nā poloka e like me Smena, nā ʻĀpana ʻaoʻao ʻole, a me ka hui Lūkini.
I ka makahiki 1991, ua lilo ʻo Nemtsov i mea hilinaʻi iā Yeltsin i ka pō o nā koho balota a ka pelekikena. I ka wā kaulana ʻo August putch, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea i pale aku i ka White House.
I ka hopena o ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Boris Nemtsov i ke poʻo me ka poʻomanaʻo i ka hoʻokele o ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod. I loko o kēia manawa ua hōʻike ʻo ia iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻoihana a mea hoʻonohonoho.
Ua alakaʻi ke kāne i kekahi o nā papahana kūpono, e laʻa me "People's Telephone", "Gasification o nā kauhale", "ZERNO" a me "Meter e ka mika." ʻO ka papahana hope loa i pili i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka hale no nā limahana koa.
I nā nīnauele, hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻo Nemtsov i nā luna no ka nāwaliwali o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua kono ʻo ia iā Grigory Yavlinsky, he loea ʻoihana ʻoihana ia i kona keʻena nui.
I ka makahiki 1992, hoʻomohala ʻo Boris, me Gregory, i kahi papahana nunui o nā hoʻoponopono āpana.
I ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, ua koho nā kamaʻāina o ka moku ʻo Nizhny Novgorod iā Nemtsov i ka ʻAha Kūkākūkā o ka Federal Assembly o ka Russian Federation, a ma hope o 2 mau mahina ua lilo ʻo ia i lālā o ke kōmike o ka ʻAha Kūkākūkā o ka Federation no ke kālā a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻaiʻē.
Ma 1995, ua paʻa hou ʻo Boris Efimovich i ka noho kiaʻāina o ka moku ʻo Nizhny Novgorod. I kēlā manawa, he kūlana maikaʻi kona ma ke ʻano he hoʻohuli hoʻohiki hoʻohiki, a he ʻano ikaika a me ka charisma kāna.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, hoʻonohonoho ʻo Nemtsov i kahi hōʻuluʻulu o nā pūlima i kona wahi no ka haʻalele ʻana i nā pūʻali koa mai Chechnya, a laila hāʻawi ʻia i ka pelekikena.
I ka makahiki 1997, ua lilo ʻo Boris Nemtsov i hope kuhina nui ma ke aupuni o Viktor Chernomyrdin. Ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā papahana hou i kūpono i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mokuʻāina.
I ke poʻo o ka Kuhina Kuhina e Sergei Kiriyenko, ua haʻalele ʻo ia ma kona wahi ʻo Nemtsov, ka mea e pili ana i nā pilikia pili kālā. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka pilikia i hoʻomaka i ka waena o 1998, haʻalele ʻo Boris.
Kūʻē
Noho i ka noho o ka hope lunahoomalu o ke aupuni, ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Nemtsov no kāna noi e hoʻohuli i nā luna āpau i nā kaʻa kūloko.
I kēlā manawa, hoʻokumu ke kāne i ka hui "Young Russia". Ma hope ua lilo ʻo ia i hope mai ka ʻaoʻao o Union of Right Forces, a ma hope iho ua koho ʻia ʻo ia i hope pelekikena no ka ʻahaʻōlelo.
I ka pau ʻana o ka makahiki 2003, ʻaʻole i hala ka "Union of Right Forces" i ka Duma o ka ʻaha kūkā ʻehā, no laila ua haʻalele ʻo Boris Nemtsov i kona kūlana no ka pono ʻole o ke koho.
I ka makahiki aʻe, ua kākoʻo ke kālaiʻāina i nā mea kākoʻo o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Orange Revolution" ma Ukraine. Ua kamaʻilio pinepine ʻo ia i ka poʻe kūʻē ma Maidan ma Kiev, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana iā lākou no ko lākou makemake e pale aku i kā lākou pono a me ke aupuni a ka lehulehu.
I kāna mau kamaʻilio ʻana, ua kamaʻilio pinepine ʻo Nemtsov i kāna makemake ponoʻī e hoʻopaʻa i nā hana i loko o ka Russian Federation, e hōʻino nui nei i ke aupuni Lūkini.
I ka manawa i lilo ai ʻo Viktor Yushchenko i Pelekikena o Ukraine, ua kūkākūkā ʻo ia me ka ʻaoʻao kūʻē Lūkia i kekahi mau pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana o ka ʻāina.
I ka makahiki 2007, ua komo ʻo Boris Efimovich i ke koho balota o ka pelekikena, akā ua kākoʻo ʻia kona moho e ka 1% o kona mau makaʻāinana. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kāna puke i kapa ʻia ʻo "Confcepts of a Rebel".
Ma 2008, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo Nemtsov a me kāna poʻe like i ka bloc kūʻē ʻo Solidarity. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo kekahi o nā alakaʻi o ka pāʻina ʻo Garry Kasparov.
I ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, ua holo ʻo Boris no ka meia o Sochi, akā ua eo, ua noho ma ka wahi 2.
I ka makahiki 2010, komo pū ka luna politika i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi mana kūʻē hou "No Rūkia me ka ʻole o ka arbitrariness a me ka palaho." Ma kāna kumu, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka "Party of People's Freedom" (PARNAS), a i ka makahiki 2011 ua hōʻole ke komisina koho e kāinoa.
Ma Kēkēmapa 31, 2010, ua hopu ʻia ʻo Nemtsov a me kāna hoapili ʻo Ilya Yashin i ka Triumfalnaya Square ma hope o kā lākou kamaʻilio ʻana i kahi hoʻākoakoa. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia nā kāne me ka hana kolohe a hoʻouna ʻia iā lākou i ka hale paʻahao no 15 mau lā.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻia ʻo Boris Efimovich no nā hewa like ʻole. Ua hoʻolaha ākea ʻo ia i kona minamina no Euromaidan, me ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka hōʻino iā Vladimir Putin a me kāna ukali.
Ke ola pilikino
ʻO ka wahine a Nemtsov ʻo Raisa Akhmetovna, me ia i ʻae ai i nā pilina i kāna mau makahiki haumāna.
I loko o kēia male, hānau ʻia ke kaikamahine ʻo Zhanna, ka mea e pili pū ana i kona ola me ka politika i ka wā e hiki mai ana. He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana ua hoʻomaka ʻo Boris lāua ʻo Zhanna e noho kaʻawale mai nā makahiki 90, ʻoiai ke kāne a ka wahine i koe.
He mau keiki kā Boris mai ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Ekaterina Odintsova: he keikikāne - ʻo Anton a me kāna kaikamahine - ʻo Dina.
I ka 2004, ua pili ʻo Nemtsov i kahi pilina me kāna kākau ʻōlelo ʻo Irina Koroleva, ma muli o ka hopena ua hāpai ke kaikamahine a hānau he kaikamahine, ʻo Sofia.
Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomaka ka mea kālaiʻāina i kahi aloha ʻino me Anastasia Ogneva, i hala he 3 mau makahiki.
ʻO kā Boris aloha hope loa ʻo ia ke kumu hoʻohālikelike ʻO Anna Duritskaya.
Ma 2017, ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope o ka pepehi kanaka ʻana o ka luna, ua ʻike ka ʻaha ʻo Zamoskvoretsky o Moscow i ke keiki, ʻo Yekaterina Iftodi, Boris, i hānau ʻia ma 2014, ma ke ʻano he keiki na Boris Nemtsov.
Pepehi kanaka o Nemtsov
Ua kī ʻia ʻo Nemtsov i ka pō Pōʻakahi 27-28, 2015 ma ke kikowaena o Moscow ma ke Alahaka ʻo Bolshoy Moskvoretsky, ʻoiai e hele pū ana me Anna Duritskaya.
Ua pakele nā mea pepehi kanaka i loko o kahi kaʻa keʻokeʻo, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā leo wikiō.
Ua pepehi ʻia ʻo Boris Efimovich i hoʻokahi lā ma mua o ka huakaʻi kūʻē. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ka Spring March ka papahana hope loa a ka luna politika. Ua kāhea ʻo Vladimir Putin i ka pepehi kanaka he "ʻaelike a me nā mea hoʻonāukiuki", a ua kauoha pū ʻia e noiʻi i ka hihia a loaʻa nā lawehala.
ʻO ka make ʻana o ka mea kūʻē kūʻē i lilo i mea ʻano maoli a puni ka honua. Ua kāhea aku nā alakaʻi he nui o ka honua i ka pelekikena Lūkia e ʻike koke a hoʻopaʻi i ka poʻe pepehi kanaka.
Ua pīhoihoi ka hapa nui o nā kamaʻāina o Nemtsov i kona make weliweli. Ua hōʻike aku ʻo Ksenia Sobchak i ka hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻohana o ka mea i make, e kāhea ana iā ia he kanaka hoʻopono a nani hoʻi e hakakā ana no kāna kūlana.
ʻImi hoʻokolokolo
Ma 2016, ua hoʻolaha ka hui hoʻokolokolo i ka pau ʻana o ke kaʻina hoʻokolokolo. Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea ua hāʻawi ʻia nā mea pepehi kanaka i manaʻo ʻia he RUB 15 miliona no ka pepehi kanaka ʻana o ka luna.
He mea kūpono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia he 5 mau kānaka no ka pepehi kanaka ʻana iā Nemtsov: Shadid Gubashev, Temirlan Eskerkhanov, Zaur Dadaev, Anzor Gubashev a me Khamzat Bakhaev.
ʻO ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu ka luku nui i kapa ʻia e ka luna ex-o ka pūʻali koa Chechen "Sever" Ruslan Mukhudinov. Wahi a nā mākaʻi, ʻo Mukhudinov ka mea nāna i kauoha e pepehi kanaka iā Boris Nemtsov, a no ia mea ua kau ʻia ʻo ia i ka papa inoa makemake ʻia o ka honua.
I ka hoʻomaka mua o ka makahiki 2016, ua hoʻolaha nā mea noiʻi he 70 nā loiloi forensic koʻikoʻi i hōʻoia i ke komo ʻana o nā mea a pau i manaʻo ʻia i ka pepehi kanaka.
Nā kiʻi Nemtsov
