ʻO Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko (1911-1985) - Pāʻina Soviet a me ka mokuʻāina. General Kakauolelo o ka CPSU Central Komite mai Pepeluali 13, 1984 a Malaki 10, 1985, Lunahoomalu o ka Presidium o ka Supreme Soviet o ka USSR, lālā o ka CPSU (b) a me ke Komite Central CPSU, lālā o ka Politburo o ke Komite Central CPSU. ʻO ke alakaʻi o ka USSR i ka manawa 1984-1985.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Chernenko, a mākou e haʻi ai e pili ana i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Konstantin Chernenko.
Kawaihae o Chernenko
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Konstantin Chernenko ma ka lā 11 Kepakemapa (24), 1911 i ke kauhale o Bolshaya Tes (ka moku ʻo Yenisei). Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i kahi ʻohana mahiʻai. ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Ustin Demidovich, hana i ke keleawe a laila i nā mines gula. Ua hana ʻo Mama, Haritina Fedorovna i ka mahiʻai.
He kaikuahine ka poʻo o ka USSR i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻo Valentina, a me 2 mau hoahānau, ʻo Nikolai lāua ʻo Sidor. ʻO ka ulia pōpilikia mua loa ma ka moʻolelo pilikino o Chernenko i ka makahiki 8, i ka manawa i make ai kona makuahine i ka typhus. Ma kēia mea, male hou ke poʻo o ka ʻohana.
He pilina maikaʻi ʻole kā nā keiki ʻehā me kā lākou makuahine, no laila ulu pinepine nā hakakā i loko o ka ʻohana. I kona wā kamaliʻi, ua puka ʻo Konstantin mai ke kula 3-makahiki no ka ʻōpio kuaʻāina. I ka mua, he paionia ʻo ia, a i ka makahiki 14 lilo ʻo ia i lālā Komsomol.
I ka makahiki 1931, ua kāhea ʻia ʻo Chernenko no ka lawelawe, āna i lawelawe ai ma ka palena palena ʻāina ma waena o Kazakhstan a me Kina. Ua komo ka pūʻali koa i ka luku ʻia o ka hui o Batyr Bekmuratov, a ua komo pū i ka pae o ka CPSU (b). A laila ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ke kūlana o ke kākau ʻōlelo o ka ʻaoʻao hui o ka palena o ka palena.
Kālaiʻāina
Ma hope o ka demobilization, ua koho ʻia ʻo Konstantin i poʻo no ka hale āpana o ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ma Krasnoyarsk. Ma ka manawa like, ua poʻo ʻo ia i ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokūkū ma Novoselovsky a me Uyarsky.
I ka makahiki 30, ua alakaʻi ʻo Chernenko i ka Aoao Komunista o ka Teritori Krasnoyarsk. I ke kiʻekiʻe o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui (1941-1945), ua aʻo ʻo ia no 2 mau makahiki ma ke kula kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻonohonoho Party.
I kēia manawa, hāʻawi ʻia kahi moʻomeheu ʻo Konstantin Chernenko i kahi hana ma ke kōmike kūloko o ka moku ʻo Penza. I ka makahiki 1948 ua lilo ʻo ia i poʻo no ka ʻaoʻao propaganda o ke Kōmike Waena o ka ʻaoʻao Komunista o Moldova. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hui ke kāne me Leonid Brezhnev. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua hoʻokau ʻia ka launa aloha ikaika ma waena o ka poʻe kālaiʻāina, kahi i kū a hiki i ka hopena o ko lākou ola.
Ma 1953 ua puka ʻo Konstantin Ustinovich mai ke Kishinev Pedagogical Institute, a lilo i kumu mōʻaukala. Ma hope o 3 mau makahiki ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia i Moscow, kahi i alakaʻi ai ʻo ia i ka ʻaoʻao propaganda o ka CPSU Central Committee.
Ua hana ʻo Chernenko i kahi hana maikaʻi loa me nā hana i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia, a ʻo ia ka mea i lilo i mea hana nui no Brezhnev. Ua hāʻawi lokomaikaʻi aku ʻo Leonid Ilyich i kāna mea kōkua a hoʻonui iā ia i ke alapiʻi o ka pāʻina. Mai ka 1960 a hiki i ka 1965, ʻo Konstantin ke poʻo o ka Secretariat o ka Presidium o ka Supreme Soviet o ka USSR.
A laila ua koho ʻia ua kāne nei i poʻo no ka ʻOihana Nui o ka ʻAoʻao Komunista (1965-1982). I ka 1966 i koho ʻia ai ʻo Brezhnev i Kakauolelo Nui no ka Soviet Union, ua lilo ʻo Chernenko i kona lima ʻākau. Ma 1978 ua lilo ʻo Konstantin Ustinovich i lālā o ka Politburo o ke Kōmike Central CPSU.
Ua hele pū ʻo Chernenko me Leonid Brezhnev i nā huakaʻi i nā ʻāina ʻē, e leʻaleʻa ana i ka hilinaʻi nui i ka alakaʻi Soviet. Ua hoʻoponopono ke Kakauolelo Nui i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi āpau me Constantine a laila hoʻoholo hope loa.
No kēia kumu, ua hoʻomaka nā hoa hana o Chernenko e kāhea iā ia he "eminence hina", ʻoiai he hopena koʻikoʻi kāna iā Brezhnev. I nā kiʻi he nui, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka poʻe kālaiʻāina ma hope o kekahi.
I ka hala ʻana o 70 mau makahiki, ua nui loa ka maikaʻi o ke olakino o Leonid Ilyich a he nui ka poʻe i manaʻo ʻo Konstantin Chernenko e lilo i hope nona. Eia naʻe, ua aʻoaʻo ka hope iā Yuri Andropov no ke kuleana o ke poʻo o ka mokuʻāina. ʻO ka hopena, i ka wā i make ai ʻo Brezhnev i ka makahiki 1982, ua lilo ʻo Andropov i poʻo hou o ka ʻāina.
Eia naʻe, ua waiho ka olakino o ke aliʻi hou i makemake nui ʻia. Ua noho aliʻi ʻo Andropov i ka USSR no hoʻokahi mau makahiki wale nō, a ma hope iho ua lilo ka mana āpau i loko o nā lima o Konstantin Chernenko, ka mea i kēlā manawa 72 mau makahiki i hala.
He kūpono ia e ʻōlelo ʻia i kona manawa i koho ʻia ai ma ke ʻano he Kakauolelo Nui, ua maʻi nui ʻo Chernenko a ua like kona ʻano me he kanaka waena i ka heihei no ka noho o ke poʻo o ka USSR. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi no ka maʻi pinepine, ua mālama ʻia kekahi mau hālāwai o ka Politburo o ke CPSU Central Committee i nā haukapila.
Ua noho aliʻi ʻo Konstantin Ustinovich i ka mokuʻāina no kahi manawa ma kahi o 1 mau makahiki, akā naʻe ua hiki ke hana i kekahi mau hoʻoponopono hou loa. Ma lalo ona, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka lā o ka ʻike, i hoʻolauleʻa ʻia i kēia lā ma Kepakemapa 1. Me kāna waiho ʻana, ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi papahana ākea o nā hoʻoponopono waiwai.
Ma lalo o Chernenko kahi pilina me Kina a me Sepania, ʻoiai ka pilina me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kūpaʻa loa. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi loa ua hoʻokumu ke Kakauolelo Nui i kahi kapu no nā hana mele amatir ma waena o ka ʻāina, ʻoiai ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o nā mele pōhaku haole i ka poʻe ʻōpio.
Ke ola pilikino
ʻO ka wahine mua a ka mea kālaiʻāina ʻo Faina Vasilievna, kahi āna i noho ai i mau makahiki. I loko o kēia male, he kāne kā lāua kāne ʻo Albert a me kahi kaikamahine ʻo Lydia.
Ma hope o kēlā, ua male ʻo Chernenko iā Anna Lyubimova. Ma hope mai, he keikikāne kā lāua wahine, ʻo Vladimir, a me 2 mau kaikamahine, ʻo Vera lāua ʻo Elena. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻo Anna i nā ʻōlelo aʻo maikaʻi i kāna kāne. Wahi a kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, ʻo ia ka mea nāna i kōkua i kona aloha me Brezhnev.
He mea pīhoihoi i ka hoʻolaha ʻia ʻana o nā palapala i ka makahiki 2015 e like me ka loaʻa ʻole o 2 mau wahine a Chernenko, akā ʻoi aku ka nui. I ka manawa like, ua haʻalele ʻo ia i kekahi o lākou me nā keiki.
Make
Ua make ʻo Konstantin Chernenko ma Malaki 10, 1985 i ka makahiki 73. ʻO ke kumu o kona make ʻana ka hopu ʻia ʻana o ka naʻau, e kūʻē ana i ke kumu o ke kō ʻole o ke kōpaʻa a me ka pulmonary. Ua koho ʻia ʻo Mikhail Gorbachev i hope nona ma kēia kūlana i kekahi lā aʻe.
Nā kiʻi ʻo Chernenko
