ʻO nā mea ʻike āpau a me nā mea kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻĀina ʻo Moscow, pono ke nānā nui ʻia ka Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve - ʻike ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa no kāna hana hana i ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i ka heluna bison. ʻOluʻolu kēia wahi i nā mea aloha i ka ecotourism, nā ʻohana me nā keiki a me nā poʻe e nānā wale ʻole i ka kūlohelohe. Pono nā malihini kipa i ka ʻāina e kipa i ka mālama; wehe ʻia kāna pākaukau mākaʻikaʻi i kēlā me kēia lā.
Aia ma hea kahi mālama mālama ʻo Prioksko-Terrasny a he aha ka mea i kaulana ai
ʻO kēia wahi i pale ʻia ka hapa liʻiliʻi o nā mālama āpau ma Rūsia, ʻo kahi i waiho ʻia ma ka kapa hema o ka ʻOka ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 4945 hectares, kahi hapa o ia e noho ʻia e nā wahi e pili ana. ʻAʻole ma mua o 4,710 hectares ma lalo o ka pale kūikawā o ka mokuʻāina.
Kaulana ka mālama like e like me ke ola hope loa ma ka moku ʻo Moscow me kahi kaolaola maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole ma muli o ke komo ʻana i ka World Network of Biosfer Reserve (aia he 41 ma Lūkia) a hana i ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i ka heluna o ka bison purebred a me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o kā lākou loko wai.
Mōʻaukala o ka ʻike a me ka hoʻomohala
ʻO ka pono e hoʻihoʻi i ka heluna bison i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 20 ua maopopo. I ka makahiki 1926, ʻaʻohe mea nui aʻe ma mua o 52 mau kānaka e ola ana i nā zoo āpau i ka honua. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hana titanic i kēia ala e ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, ma ka hopena o nā ziona pale kūikawā a me nā nursery i wehe koke ʻia ma ka USSR a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa. I ka manawa o ka hoʻomau hou ʻana o ka hana (Iune 19, 1945), ʻo ka wahi Prioksko-Terrasny kahi ʻāpana o ka moku'āina ʻo Moscow State Reserve me 4 poʻe ʻē aʻe, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi kūlana kūʻokoʻa i ʻApelila 1948 wale nō.
Ma muli o ke kūlana waiwai paʻakikī a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻoihana, ma 1951 ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mālama āpau, koe wale no ka Prioksko-Terrasny ma ka moku ʻo Moscow. ʻO ka pūnaewele me nā mea kanu pono ʻole no ka ʻaoʻao hema o Moscow ("Oka Flora") i mālama ʻia ma muli wale nō o ka wehe ʻia ʻana o kahi kahu maʻi ʻo Central Bison.
Ke ʻike nei i ka makaʻu o ia ʻano, hoʻomaka ka ʻepekema a me ka hoʻokele e ʻimi i ke kūlana o kahi mālama kūlohelohe kūlohelohe a komo i loko o ka pūnaewele o nā mālama ʻo UNESCO Ua lei aliʻi ʻia kā lākou mau hana me ka kūleʻa ma 1979; i kēia manawa, ke kiaʻi mau nei ka ʻāina o ka mālama i nā ʻōuli a me nā hoʻololi o nā hana kūlohelohe i loko o ke kumumanaʻo o nā papahana Lūkini a me nā honua āpau.
Flora a me nā holoholona o ka Puʻu Prioksko-Terrasny
He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaka me nā mea kanu: aia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 960 mau mea kanu kiʻekiʻe i ka mālama, 93% o ka ʻāina i noho ʻia e nā ululāʻau deciduous a kāwili. Hāʻule ke koena ma nā ululaau steppe kahiko, relict sphagnum bogs a me nā ʻāpana o ka "Oka flora" - nā wahi kū hoʻokahi o nā lau nahele i nā nāhelehele a me nā kahawai kokoke i ka muliwai. Ke mālama nei i nā hana o ke kaiapuni i kahi kiʻekiʻe mau, ke hele nei i nā ala mālama kūlohelohe kahi ʻike leʻaleʻa iā ia iho.
ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka holoholona i ka flora a ʻoi aku hoʻi ma mua o kekahi ʻano: ʻo kahi mālama ʻia ʻo Prioksko-Terrasny kahi home no 140 mau ʻano manu, 57 mau mammals, 10 amphibians a me 5 nā mea kolo. I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi, nui loa nā artiodactyls i nā ululāʻau o ka mālama - elk, ʻulaʻula a me sika dia, loaʻa nā dia roe ma nā wahi āpau a ʻike nui ʻia i ka hoʻoilo. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā boars hihiu, ʻo ka ʻalopeka ka holoholona ʻaihue nui loa ma ka ʻāina. ʻO nā kamaʻāina kumu o ia wahi - lagomorphs, squirrels, ermines, ferrets forest a me nā meheu ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ʻia e 18 mau ʻano a he laha loa.
ʻO ka hiʻona nui a me ka haʻaheo o kahi mālama kahi e noho ai ma kahi o 50-60 bison a me 5 bison ʻAmelika ma kāna panalāʻau. Mālama ʻia nā mea mua i nā kūlana kokoke loa i ko lākou kūlohelohe ma kahi pā hectare 200 i mea e hoʻihoʻi ai i ka heluna kanaka, ʻo ka mea hope loa - e kiʻi i ka ʻikepili noiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi a me ka hōʻike o nā holoholona i nā malihini kipa. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli o ka luku ʻia o kēia mau ʻano mea ma mua o ka hiki ke ʻike ʻia, me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka nursery kikowaena o ka mālama ʻia ʻo Prioksko-Terrasny a me nā wahi pale like i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, e ʻike wale ʻia ana e nā hanauna ma nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻi wale nō.
I loko o nā makahiki o ka hana nursery, ua hānau ʻia a hānai ʻia he 600 mau bison, noho ʻia i nā ululāʻau o Lūkia, Belarus, Ukraine a me Lituania i mea e hoʻihoʻi ai i ka loko wai kūlohelohe. Me nā mea i koho ʻia e mālama ai i 60 mau holoholona i ka nursery, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 25 mau kānaka nui e noho paʻa ma laila. ʻOiai ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻoweliweli maopopo o ka luku ʻia o ko lākou lehulehu mai ke alo o ka Honua (ʻoi aku ma mua o 2/3 o 7000 poʻo e noho nei i ka nāhelehele), ke hoʻomau nei ka hana i ka hoʻi ʻana o ka bison i ka nohona kūlohelohe, ʻo ka mahele o ka bison ka mua ma ka Red Book o Russia. Kū pololei i ka Russian Federation, hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā holoholona ʻōpio i nā ululāʻau o nā moku Smolensk, Bryankovskaya a me Kaluga, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe nā manawa o ko lākou ola a me ke kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa.
Pehea e kiʻi ai i kahi mālama
Ke hele nei i kāu kaʻa ponoʻī a hoʻolimalima ʻia paha, pono ʻoe e alakaʻi ʻia e ka helu wahi: Moscow Region, Serpukhovsky District, Danki. Ke haʻalele nei iā Moscow, pono ʻoe e neʻe ma ka hema ma ke alaloa ʻo E-95 a me M2 a hiki i nā hōʻailona "Serpukhov / Danki" a me "Zapovenik". Ke hoʻohana nei i nā halihali lehulehu, e lōʻihi ke ala: ʻo ka mea, ma ke kaʻaahi e pono ai ʻoe e hele i ke kahua. Serpukhov (ma kahi o 2 mau hola mai ke kahua kaʻaahi Kursk), a laila ma nā pahi (nā helu 21, 25 a me 31, ma kahi o 35 mau minuke ma ke ala) - pololei i ke kū. "Waihona". Maikaʻi ʻole ke alapine haʻalele haʻalele a ua paipai ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka huakaʻi i ka hiki ke koho ʻia i kēia koho.
ʻO ka ʻike no ka poʻe kipa
Wehe ʻia ʻo Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve i ka lehulehu i kēlā me kēia lā, mai ka Pōʻakahi a ka Pōʻalima e hoʻomaka ana nā huakaʻi ma 11:00, 13:00 a me 15:00, i nā hopena pule a me nā lā hoʻomaha - i kēlā me kēia hola, mai 9:00 a 16:00. Pono e ʻae ʻia nā huakaʻi pākahi ma mua, haʻalele ka hui i kahi o 5 a 30 mau mākua. ʻAʻole hiki ke komo i kahi mālama me ka ʻole o kahi limahana o nā limahana.
Aia ke kumukūʻai likiki ma ke ala i koho ʻia (me ka palena iki o 400 rubles no nā mākua a me 200 no nā keiki mai 7 a 17 mau makahiki). ʻO ke kipa ʻana i ke ala kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka paka kaola i uku ʻokoʻa ʻia. Komo nā malihini o ke kula kamaliʻi i ka ʻāina me ka uku ʻole ʻia, ma muli o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā palapala e pili ana a me ka hoʻopuka ʻana o kahi pass ma ke checkout.
Ke hoʻolālā nei i kahi huakaʻi, pono e hoʻomanaʻo i ka makaʻu o ka nalo ʻana i kahi hui i nā lā pule a me ka loli hiki ke wehe i nā hola wehe i nā lā nui. ʻO ke ala ʻo Eco "Ma o nā lau" a me ka pāka ʻo Eco "Derevo-Dom" i pani ʻia i ka hoʻoilo, i ka manawa like e koi ʻia ai e ʻaʻahu mehana e like me ka hiki ke hele wāwae (1.5-2 mau hola o ka hele wāwae ʻana i ke aniau o ka nohona kaiāulu e kuhikuhi i kā lākou kūlana ponoʻī, uhi ka hau i nā wahi haumia. hiki i 50 cm). ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hōʻole i kahi huakaʻi i kēia manawa - aia i ka hoʻoilo a me ke kau ʻole e hele ai ka hapa nui o nā holoholona i nā lua hānai, i ka bison kauwela a me ka bison e hele hohonu.
Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e nānā i ka Tauric Chersonesos.
Aia nā rula koʻikoʻi ma ka ʻāina mākaʻikaʻi (me ka pāpā o ka hele ʻana me nā holoholona) e pili ana i ka palekana o kēia wahi kū hoʻokahi a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana o ka poʻe kipa ponoʻī, uku ka poʻe hana hewa i ka uku o 5,000 rubles.
Nā mea hoihoi a me nā manaʻo
Kūpono nā hana o ka Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve i ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia kūlohelohe a me nā mea, ʻohiʻohi ʻana i ka ʻikepili ʻepekema, ka bison hānau a me ka ʻike kaiapuni. Akā ʻaʻole kēia he manaʻo no ka hōʻole ʻana e huki i ka maka o ka poʻe kipa; a ʻo nā papahana kūikawā a me nā hāʻawi i hoʻolauna ʻia e hoʻonui i ke kahe o nā malihini. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ʻole o lākou ka papahana "Adopt a Bison" me ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka mālama makahiki no ka mea āu e makemake ai a me ke koho ʻana i ka inoa o ka bison liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole haʻalele ka luna hoʻomalu i ke kānāwai hoʻomākeʻaka o ka International Crane Studbook e pili ana i ka bison - hoʻomaka nā inoa āpau o nā cubs me nā ʻāpana "Mu" a i ʻole "Mo".
ʻO ka hoihoi o ka poʻe kipa i ka Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve e ʻumeʻume ʻia e:
- Nā holo baluna ea wela a me nā holo lio.
- ʻO nā ʻano hoʻolaha like ʻole, e laʻa me ka All-Russian Children's Ecological Festival a me "nā lā hāmama" no nā lawelawe manawaleʻa a me nā mea hana huakaʻi. Nui nā hoʻolaha a me nā kūkā kamaʻilio kūwaho, hoʻolaha ʻia nā hoʻolaha o kēlā me kēia o lākou ma ka pūnaewele luna.
- Ka hiki ke nānā i nā holoholona ma ka hale kiaʻi 5 mika.
- Hiki ke kiʻi manuahi i ka haku mele ʻo "Seasons" me nā kiʻi 3D o ka bison a me ke aniani o ka ʻāina.
