ʻO ka puke ma ka paukū "Eugene Onegin" i lilo i kipi maoli i nā puke Lūkia. A mai ka manaʻo o ka hoʻolālā, a mai ka manaʻo o ka ʻōlelo, a ma ke ʻano he hōʻike pilikino o ka mea kākau, ʻo "Eugene Onegin" ʻaʻohe ona analogue i loko o nā puke Lūkini. Ua lawa ka heluhelu ʻana i nā hana mele i hana ʻia e nā mua o Pushkin e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā theses āpau e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā puke Lūkini, i aloha nui ʻia e Soviet, ʻo ka mea mua, nā loiloi, ʻaʻole he mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā hōʻike i kahi hopena i koho ʻia.
ʻO ka hana i kākau ʻia - ʻaʻole me ka mālama ʻole ʻia, ʻoiaʻiʻo - i ka ʻōlelo ola e ʻokoʻa loa ana mai nā laʻana i loaʻa. ʻO ka poʻe loiloi, ka mea i ʻike iā "Eugene Onegin" me ke ʻano kānalua ʻole, hoʻopiʻi aku iā Pushkin no ia mau mea e like me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo "mahiʻai" a me "lanakila" i hoʻokahi laina - kahi huaʻōlelo maʻamau, e like me nā manaʻo o nā mele i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me ka huaʻōlelo kiʻekiʻe "lanakila". ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "dust frosty to silver his beaver collar" i ka mele, no ka mea, he kolohe kahi kola beaver, ʻaʻole ia e Orestes, Zeus, a me Achilles paha e komo.
ʻElima rubles no kēlā me kēia mokuna + 80 kopecks no ka hoʻouna ʻana. Inā ua aʻo pono ʻo Stephen King i ka moʻaukala o nā puke Lūkini, ʻo ia ka waiwai loa
Ua lilo ʻo "Eugene Onegin" i mea holomua ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻolālā, i kāna ʻōlelo ponoʻī, a ʻo ka mea kākau, e wehewehe nei i nā huapalapala, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohilahila i ka hōʻike ʻana i kona manaʻo. ʻAʻole wale ʻo Pushkin i hōʻike i kahi kuhi, akā ua hōʻoia pū i kona ulu ʻana, wehewehe psychologically i nā hana a nā koa. A hoʻokumu ʻia ka hanana holoʻokoʻa o ka mea kākau ma ke kumu ikaika o ka ʻike o ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā, nā lula ʻoʻoleʻa i hāʻawi iki i ka hana kūʻokoʻa o nā meʻe. Eia kā Onegin pono e hele i ke kauhale, a "hāʻawi ʻia wau i kekahi", a "Ua hala ke aloha, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi muse". A i ka manawa like makemake ʻo Pushkin e hōʻike i ka makemake o ke kanaka i kekahi mea. ʻIke maopopo ʻia kēia i nā laina, ʻo ia, me he mea lā, he epitaph na Lensky.
Eia kekahi mau ʻike e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo pono i kekahi o nā hana nui loa o nā puke Lūkia a me ka mōʻaukala o kāna hana ʻana.
1. ʻAʻohe o Pushkin manaʻo kuka no "Eugene Onegin". I kekahi o nā leka, hoʻopiʻi ʻo ia ua "holo" ʻo Tatiana me ia - ua male ʻo ia. Eia nō naʻe, nui loa ke kālena a ka mea haku mele i ka nānā aku o ka hana paʻa, e like me ka monolith. ʻO ke ʻano o Pushkin "hōʻiliʻili o nā mokuna kala" e pili ana i ka papa manawa o ka paʻi, no ka mea, ua paʻi ʻokoʻa ʻia kēlā me kēia mokuna.
2. ʻO kā AS Pushkin uku no ka puke ma ka paukū he 12,000 rubles. ʻO ia, no kēlā me kēia laina (aia ma kahi o 7,500 wale nō), ua loaʻa ka haku mele ma kahi o 1.5 rubles. He paʻakikī ia e helu i ke kūlike o nā loaʻa a Pushkin i kēia mau rubles - ʻokoʻa nā kumukūʻai a me nā kumukūʻai. Inā mākou e hele mai nā kumukūʻai o nā meaʻai maʻalahi, i kēia manawa e loaʻa iā Pushkin ma kahi o 11-12 miliona rubles. Ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 7 mau makahiki i ka haku mele e kākau i ka moʻolelo.
3. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pinepine i ka ʻōlelo a Pushkin i wehewehe pono ai i ka ʻaoʻao o ke ola hanohano o kēlā mau makahiki. Ua kākau ʻo Belinsky e pili ana i ka puke ma ke ʻano he encyclopedia o ko Lūkia ola. Ua lawa maoli nā wehewehe ʻana o nā laina o ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā ma Eugene Onegin, akā ua hala ka hapalua kenekulia ma hope o ka paʻi ʻia ʻana o ka puke, a he nui nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā i hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ka poʻe heluhelu.
4. Hōʻike nā memo a me nā leka a ka poʻe o ka wā i ka pololei o ka noʻonoʻo o ka wehewehe ʻana o nā hāmeʻe ma Eugene Onegin. Ma ka manaʻo maoli he nui o ka poʻe i manaʻo ua "kākau inoa" ʻo Alexander Sergeevich iā lākou i ka puke. Akā ʻo Wilhelm Küchelbecker ka mea kaulana loa i hele i kahi mamao loa. Wahi a Kyukhli, hōʻike ʻo Pushkin iā ia iho i ke kiʻi o Tatiana.
5. ʻOiai ka maopopo loa o ka hopena o Kuchelbecker, ʻo Pushkin kekahi o nā mea nui o kāna puke ponoʻī. A ʻo kēia ka leʻaleʻa kūikawā o ka hana. Komo mau ka mea kākau me kāna mau ʻōlelo, wehewehe a wehewehe ʻana, ma kahi i koi ʻole ʻia. Ke hele nei a puni, hiki iā Pushkin ke hoʻomākeʻaka i nā loina hanohano, a wehewehe i nā hana a nā koa, a haʻi i kona ʻano iā lākou. A he kūlohelohe kēia mau mea pakele āpau a mai nahae i ka lole o ka moʻolelo.
6. ʻO nā ʻaiʻē, nā hoʻohiki, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia i loko o ka puke, ʻo ia ka ʻai o ka papa waena, akā ʻo ka mea waiwai pū kekahi i loko o nā makahiki o ka puke. ʻO ka mokuʻāina ka hewa o ka hewa no kēia: ua lawe nā aliʻi koʻikoʻi i ke kālā mai ka mokuʻāina ʻo State no ka palekana o nā ʻāina a me nā lawelawe lawelawe. Ua pau ka hōʻaiʻē - ua lawe lākou i kahi hou, no ka waiwai e hiki mai ana a i ʻole nā "ʻuhane" e hiki mai ana. Hoʻohana ʻia nā hōʻaiʻē pilikino ma 10-12% o ka makahiki.
7. ʻAʻole i lawelawe ʻo Onegin ma kahi ʻē no kahi lā, kahi hiki wale nō i ka theoretical. E like me ka maʻamau, ua hele ka poʻe koʻikoʻi i ka pūʻali koa. ʻO ka lawelawe kīwila, me ka ʻokoʻa o nā wahi like me ka diplomacy, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka waiwai, akā ʻaneʻane lawelawe ka poʻe āpau i kahi. ʻO nā Aliʻi i haʻalele i ka hana ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki o ka lawelawe ʻana ua ʻike ʻia he ʻano mea like ʻole i ka nohona a me ka ʻenemi i ka mana. A ma nā keʻena kia i hāʻawi ʻia ai lākou me ka liʻiliʻi o nā lio, a ʻo ka hope akā ʻaʻole ka liʻiliʻi.
8. ʻAʻole i hala ka mokuna XXXIX ma ka ʻehiku a ʻaʻole ʻeleʻele ʻia e ka censorship - ua hoʻolauna ʻo Pushkin iā ia e hoʻoikaika i ka manaʻo e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o kā Larins huakaʻi i Moscow.
9. E pili ana i ka halihali: hele "iā ʻoe iho" - hoʻohana i kāu mau lio a me nā kaʻa ponoʻī. Lōʻihi, akā ʻemi. "Ma ka hale leka" - e hoʻololi i nā lio ma nā wahi leka kūikawā, ma kahi o lākou e ʻole ai, a ua koʻikoʻi loa nā lula. ʻOi aku ka pipiʻi, akā ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki. "Hoʻokuʻu limahana" - ke kaʻa haole a laila. "Kaʻa Boyarsky" - kaʻa kauō. I ka hōʻea ʻana i Moscow, ua hūnā ʻia nā kaʻa a ua hoʻolimalima ʻia nā kaʻa "civilised".
ʻAʻole makaʻu nā kaʻa hau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike koke ...
10. Hele wāwae ʻo Onegin ma ka embankment i ka hola ʻekahi no ke kumu. ʻO kēia ka manawa a Emperor Alexander I i hana ai i kāna hele wāwae loli ʻole, nāna i ʻumeʻume i nā haneli haneli o ka honua i ka pali.
11. "ʻAʻohe lumi hou aʻe no ka hōʻoia ..." ma mua o kahi kinipōpō. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo kahi wale nō kahi e hiki ai i ka poʻe ʻōpio ke kamaʻilio me ka ʻole o ka nānā ʻana a me ka prying pepeiao ʻo ka lumi keʻena. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o nā kinipōpō a me ke ʻano o nā mea komo i hoʻoponopono pololei ʻia (i ka Mokuna 1, ʻike ʻia ʻo Onegin i ka pōpō ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mazurka, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua lohi loa), akā ua hiki i ka hulahula ke hoʻomaha i waena o ka poʻe walaʻau.
12. Ke kālailai ʻana o ko Onegin duel me Lensky a me nā kūlana ma mua e hōʻike ana ʻo ka luna o ka duel, ʻo Zaretsky, no kekahi kumu hoihoi i ka hopena koko. Ua kauoha ʻia nā lula i ka luna e hoʻāʻo e hoʻokō i kahi hopena maluhia ma kēlā me kēia pae i mua o ka duel maoli. ʻOiai ma kahi o ka hakakā, ma hope o ka hala ʻana o Onegin i hoʻokahi hola, hiki iā Zaretsky ke hoʻopau i ka duel (ʻae ʻia nā lula ma mua o 15 mau minuke o ka hoʻopaneʻe). A ʻo nā lula o ke kī ʻana iā ia iho - e hoʻohuli ana i nā ʻanuʻu he 10 - ʻoi loa ka ʻino. I loko o ia mau hakakā, ʻeha mau nā mea ʻelua.
13. E pili ana i ke ʻano o Onegin iā Lensky, ka mea a ka mea kākau i aloha ai, ʻaʻole maopopo iā mākou ke kumu o ka pana kī ʻole ʻana a Onegin iā ia. ʻAʻohe kuleana o Evgeny. ʻO ke kī ʻana i ka lewa he kumu mua no ka duel, no ka mea ua hoʻonele ia i ka ʻenemi o ke koho - i kēlā mau lā, kahi mea i ʻae ʻole ʻia. ʻĀ, ma mua o ka pana a Onegin, ua hele nā duelist i 9 mau ʻanuʻu (4 mua, a laila 5 hou aku), ʻo ia hoʻi, he 14 mau ʻanuʻu wale nō i koe ma waena o lākou - kahi mamao make inā ikaika loa ka huhū o Lensky.
10 ʻanuʻu ma kahi mamao aku ...
14. ʻO Onegin ʻōpio, i kona hōʻea ʻana mai i St. Petersburg, ʻokiʻoki i kona lauoho "i ke ʻano hou loa." A laila he lauoho lauoho pōkole i ke kaila Pelekane, kahi a nā mea lauoho lauoho Farani i lawe ai i 5 rubles. No ka hoʻohālikelike: kahi ʻohana ʻona, neʻe no ka hoʻoilo mai Nizhny Novgorod a hiki i St. Petersburg i kā lākou lawe ponoʻī, kūpono i ke kumukūʻai o 20 rubles, e huakaʻi ana ma nā kaʻa he ʻumikūmālua a me nā kaʻa. ʻO ka uku hoʻolimalima mai ka mea mahiʻai serf ʻo 20-25 rubles i ka makahiki.
15. I ka stanza X o ka Mokuna 2, hoʻomāʻewaʻewa ʻo Pushkin i nā mele i maʻa mau ʻia i waena o nā haku mele kahiko: "maopopo ka mahina," "hoʻolohe, noʻonoʻo maʻalahi," "hāmau, akahai," "kala - mau makahiki," etc.
16. ʻEkolu wale nō manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia ai nā puke ma ka puke, a he mau hana kēia na 17 mea kākau me ka ʻole o ka systematization.
17. ʻO ka ʻike ʻole o ka ʻōlelo Lūkini e nā poʻe hanohano o ke kenekulia 19 i kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia he wahi maʻamau. No laila ʻo Pushkin's Tatiana "ʻike iki i ka Lūkini." Akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ia. Ua ilihune loa ka ʻōlelo Lūkini kākau i ka helu o nā hana. 'Mentionlelo nā poʻe o ka wā i kā Karamzin "Mōʻaukala" a me nā hana moʻokalaleo, ʻoiai he like ʻole nā palapala ma nā ʻōlelo ʻē.
18. ʻO kahi laina hala ʻole e pili ana i nā ʻāpana jackdaws ma ke keʻa o nā hale pule ʻo Moskoa i hoʻonāukiuki i ka huhū o Metropolitan Filaret, nāna i kākau e pili ana i kēia iā A. Kh. Benkendorf, ʻo ia ka mea nāna i mālama i ka censorship. "Ka mea hoʻomaʻau o Pushkin". Ua haʻi ʻia e ka luna hoʻomalu o ka lālā III iā Benckendorff, ʻo nā jackdaws e noho ana ma luna o nā keʻa, e hāʻule paha lākou ma lalo o ka mākaukau o kahi luna mākaʻi ma mua o ka haku mele a me ka censor. ʻAʻole i hoʻomāʻewaʻewa ʻo Benckendorff iā Filaret a kākau wale ʻo ia i ka pono ʻole o ka hierarch kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻolahalaha mau ʻo A. Benckendorff iā Pushkin, e uku ana i kāna mau ʻaiʻē a pale aku i mua o ka hale pule a i ʻole ka censorship.
19. ʻOiai nā noi a ka lehulehu a me ka huhū o nā loiloi (ma hope Belinsky i loko o kahi ʻatikala koʻikoʻi i nīnau i nā nīnau retorika 9 i ka lālani e pili ana i kēia), ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻo Pushkin i ka hoʻolālā o Eugene Onegin. A ʻaʻole no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻo ia e kākau "Eugene Onegin-2". Ma nā laina i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka make ʻana o Lensky, hōʻole ka mea kākau i ka predetermination o kekahi ola. No kēlā me kēia mea heluhelu, ʻo ka hopena o "Eugene Onegin" i lilo i kanaka pākahi i ka nui o kona ʻike i ka hana.
20. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka mokuna 10 o "Eugene Onegin", i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e nā mea pā mai nā kikoʻī e ola nei o Pushkin. Ke hoʻoholo nei i kāna ʻike, ua hauʻoli ʻole nā mea pāleo o ka haku mele i nā ʻaoʻao o ka hapa nui o ka puke. Manaʻo lākou ua makaʻu ʻo Pushkin i ka censorship a me ka hoʻomāinoino a no laila hoʻopau i ka ʻōlelo, a ua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻihoʻi ma o ka hana koa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka "mokuna 10" o "Eugene Onegin" e kū nei ʻaʻole pili iki me ka huaʻōlelo nui o ka puke.
