ʻO ka cinema Soviet kahi honua holoʻokoʻa iā ia iho. ʻO ka ʻoihana nui i kēlā me kēia makahiki i hana i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni he haneli, e ʻumeʻume ana i nā miliona o nā mea nānā. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i ka hele ʻana o nā kinima me kēia manawa. ʻO kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni kaulana hou, inā he superblockbuster ʻekolu mau manawa, he hanana wale nō ia a me ka honua wale nō o ka kinima. Ua lilo kahi kiʻi Soviet kūleʻa i hanana i ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa. I ka makahiki 1973, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo "ʻIvan Vasilievich Hoʻololi i kāna ʻOihana", i nānā ʻia e 60 miliona mau kānaka i hoʻokahi makahiki. I kēlā makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hana ʻia kahi hanana hana epoch - ua ālai ʻia ka Yenisei e kahi dam. ʻO ka nīnau o ka hanana i koe i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ka poʻe ʻaʻole koi i kahi pane ...
I ka honua o ka kinima, ʻākoakoa nā pilikino pilikino, hiki ke hoʻāla i ka hoihoi o ka mea nānā. ʻO kēia kumu, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i ke kumu o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Eia kekahi, aia ma waho o ka haka o ke kiʻina i ʻoi aku ka ʻino o nā kuko ma mua o ka kākau ʻia ʻana i ka palapala. Inā aloha maoli lākou iā ia, no laila ua haʻalele ʻo ia me kahi palaki niho mai hoʻokahi, haʻalele i kēia palaki me kahi mea ʻē aʻe a hele e moe i ka pō ma ka hōkele e ke kolu. Inā inu lākou, a laila kokoke i ka make. Inā hoʻohiki lākou, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, kahi a nā poʻe he nui i hana ai no hoʻokahi makahiki. Ua kākau ʻia he mau haneli puke hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana i kēia, a i kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka zest maoli.
1. ʻO nā moʻolelo i komo a i ʻole kēia mea hana i ka ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he mea maʻamau. Akā kekahi mea ke kōkua ke kōkua i ke kanaka e hoʻokō i ka kaulana a me ka kaulana, a ʻo kahi mea ʻē aʻe ke kūʻē kūʻē iā ia. I ka wanaʻao o ka hana keaka ʻo Margarita Terekhova, ua lawa lāua ʻelua. Ua haʻalele i ka ʻoihana physics a me ka makemakika o ke Kulanui o Central Asia, ua hele mai ke kaikamahine i Moscow a kokoke komo i VGIK ma ka lele. ʻAneʻane - no ka mea ma hope o ka ninaninau ʻana ʻaʻole ia i lawe ʻia i ka forge o nā kiʻi cinematic. ʻO Margarita, ka mea i loaʻa i kahi ma ka hale hoʻokipa, e mākaukau ana e hoʻi i ka home i Tashkent. Eia naʻe, ʻaihue kekahi i kahi kālā i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no kahi likiki hoʻihoʻi mai kāna papa pō. Ua hāʻawi nā haumāna aloha iā ia e hana hapa-manawa i kahi keu kiʻi kiʻi. Ma laila ua lohe hewa ʻo Terekhova e alakaʻi ana ka luna ʻo Yuri Zavadsky (ʻo ia ke poʻo i ka Mossovet Theatre) i ka poʻe ʻōpio i kāna keʻena studio. He kakaikahi loa kēlā mau set, a ua hoʻoholo ʻo Terekhova e hoʻāʻo. I ka nīnauele, ua hoʻopūʻiwa ʻo ia i nā mea āpau me kā Monalia monologue mai ka puke "Quiet Flows the Don", a ma hope iho ua noi ʻo Zavadsky e hana i kahi mea ʻoi aku ka mālie. He mea kupaianaha maoli nō ka hana, no ka mea, ala aʻe ʻo Vera Maretskaya, a ua hoʻoholo ʻo Valentina Talyzina he keonimana a ʻano maikaʻi ʻole paha ʻo Terekhova. Ua heluhelu mālie ʻo Margarita i nā mele a Mikhail Koltsov, a ua ʻae ʻia ʻo ia i ke keʻena.
2. ʻO ka mea hana keaka ʻo Pavel Kadochnikov, ma hope o ke paʻi ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "The Exploit of the Scout", he pepa ʻokoʻa kāna, a e kapa ʻia ia "pass all-terrain pass Ua makemake ʻo JV Stalin i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me kā Kadochnikov pāʻani nui a kāhea ʻo ia i ke kiʻi o Kadochnikov he Chekist maoli. Ua nīnau ke alakaʻi i ka mea hana keaka i hiki iā ia ke hana me ka mahalo no ia pāʻani. Ua nīnau hoʻomakee ʻo Kadochnikov e kākau i nā huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka Chekist maoli ma ka pepa. Ua ʻakaʻaka ʻo Stalin a pane ʻole, akā i kekahi mau lā ma hope ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Kadochnikov i kahi pepa ma kahi leka Kremlin i kau inoa ʻia e Stalin lāua ʻo KE Voroshilov. Wahi a kēia palapala, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Kadochnikov i ke poʻo inoa hanohano o nā lālā āpau o ka Soviet Army. I ka hōʻaiʻē o ka mea hana keaka, ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i kēia palapala wale nō i nā hihia ʻoi loa. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka mahina ʻo Iune 1977 ma Kalinin (ʻo Tver i kēia manawa) kiʻi hou ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana o ke kiʻi "Siberiade", ʻo Kadochnikov, Natalya Andreichenko lāua ʻo Alexander Pankratov-Cherny i ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau ʻole me nā mele nui ma ke kikowaena o ke kūlanakauhale, huki nā mākaʻi iā lākou mai ka wai. ʻAʻole paha i lohe ʻia ka ʻōlelo hōʻino, akā ua hōʻike ʻo Kadochnikov i ka palapala mālama i ka manawa kūpono.
ʻO Pavel Kadochnikov 30 mau makahiki ma mua o ka hanana me ka ʻauʻau nudist ma Kalinin
3. I ka makahiki 1960, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ʻāpana mua o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo Mikhail Schweitzer ma ke kīkī o ka Soviet Union. ʻO Tamara Semina ka mea nui i hoʻokani ʻia e ia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i 22 mau makahiki i ke kiʻi ʻana. ʻO ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me ka wahine alakaʻi alakaʻi i kahi kūleʻa kūleʻa ʻaʻole wale ma ka USSR. Ua loaʻa iā Semina nā makana no ka mea hana keaka ʻoi loa ma nā festival ma Locarno, Switzerland a me Mar del Plata, Argentina. Ma Argentina, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻi e Semina iho. Ua pūʻiwa ʻo ia i ka nānā ʻana o nā poʻe ʻAmelika Hema huhū, nāna i hāpai iā ia i ko lākou mau lima. I ka 1962, ua hōʻike ʻia ka moʻo ʻelua o ke kiʻi, a he mea makemake nui ʻia hoʻi ia. I kēia manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā Semina ke hele i Argentina - hana nui ʻo ia i ke kiʻi ʻana. Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Vasily Livanov, he lālā o ka ʻelele, ua koi pinepine ʻia nā limahana kiʻiʻoniʻoni o "Ke ala hou ʻana" e pane i nā nīnau e pili ana i ka makemake ʻole o Semina ma Argentina no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hele pū me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO Tamara Semina i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Ke ala hou ʻana"
4. ʻO ke kuleana o Stirlitz i ka moʻo "ʻumikūmāhiku mau manawa o ka puna" hiki iā Archil Gomiashvili ke pāʻani. I loko o ka wā hoʻolei, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi aloha puahiohio me ke alakaʻi o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo Tatyana Lioznova. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi loa ka ikaika o ka Ostap Bender e hiki mai ana, a ua ʻae ʻia ka noʻonoʻo a kūpono hoʻi ʻo Vyacheslav Tikhonov no kēia kuleana. Nui nā mea hoihoi i ka moʻolelo o ke kiʻi ʻana iā "Moments ..." No nā mea hana keaka ʻo Leonid Bronevoy lāua ʻo Yuri Vizbor, he mea hoʻomāinoino loa ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻana. I ke kuleana o ka mea hoʻolele leki pēpē Kat, ua hana kekahi mau keiki hānau hou i ka manawa hoʻokahi, i lawe ʻia mai ka haukapila a hoʻihoʻi ʻia e like me ke kāʻei lawe. Hiki i nā keiki ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni wale no ʻelua hola me ka hoʻomaha no ka ʻai, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokū ʻia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. ʻO ka lānai kahi i anu ʻia ai ka pēpē, ʻoiaʻiʻo, i loko o ke keʻena studio, i hoʻomehana ʻia e nā kukui kukui. No laila, ʻaʻole makemake iki nā mea hana keaka e uē, akā, i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, pāʻani a hiamoe paha. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka uē ʻana ma hope ma ka haukapila. ʻO ka hope loa, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka moʻolelo moʻolelo kaua i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i ka wā o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. ʻO ka pūʻali koa, i ka nānā ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i hoʻopau ʻia, huhū lākou - ua lilo ka lanakila ʻana o ke kaua ma muli wale nō o nā luna ʻike. Ua hoʻohui ʻo Lioznova i nā hōʻike a Sovinformburo i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni.
I ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "ʻumikūmāhiku mau manawa o ka wā puna" ʻo Leonid Bronevoy e "hāʻule" mau ana i waho o ke kiʻi - ua maʻa ʻo ia i ka ākea o ke kahua keaka
5. Ua maopopo maopopo i ka luna ʻo Alexander Mitta, nāna i kīwī i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo "The Tale of How Tsar Peter Got Married," e pili ana i ka inaina i kū aʻe ma waena o Vladimir Vysotsky lāua ʻo Irina Pechernikova, nāna i hoʻokani iā Louise De Cavaignac. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻokomo ʻo Mitta i loko o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i kahi hālāwai kūkā o nā ipo, kahi e holo ai kekahi i kekahi ma ke alapiʻi, a laila hoʻokomo i ke kuko i ka moena. Maliʻa paha makemake ka luna hoʻokele e kālai i nā huna ahi o ka hanana mai nā mea hana keaka kūʻē i ka hopena o nā pilina maikaʻi ʻole. ʻEkolu mau makahiki ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻana, ua komo ʻo Pechernikova a me Vysotsky i ke kuko me ka walaʻau ʻole ʻia o kā kāmela. Eia naʻe, ʻo kā lāua pili ma hope mai, e waiho mālie, ʻoluʻolu. Eia kekahi, ua haki ʻo Irina i kona wāwae ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻana. Ua loli ka mise-en-scene: i kēia manawa ʻo ka meʻe o Vysotsky e hāpai i kāna mea aloha i ke alapiʻi i kahi moe. Ma laila lākou i hamo ʻia me ka make-up i ʻehā mau kiʻi (hoʻokani ʻo Vysotsky i ke kāne lauoho ʻeleʻele), a ʻo ka hopena ʻaʻole i hana ʻia kēia hanana i loko o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni.
ʻO Vladimir Vysotsky i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "The Tale of How Tsar Peter the Arap Married"
6. ʻAʻole kekahi o nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Soviet ʻekolu i lanakila ma Oscar ka mea hoʻokūkū o ka pahu ma ka USSR. Ua kiʻi ʻia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Dersu Uzala" ma ka makahiki 11. Ua nānā ʻia e 20.4 miliona mau kānaka. ʻO ka mea lanakila o ka heihei pahu pahu i kēlā makahiki, ʻo ia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo Mekiko ʻo Yesenia, ka mea i hoʻoliʻiliʻi 91,4 miliona mau kānaka. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka manaʻo o nā mea kākau i ka kūleʻa o "Dersu Uzala" i waena o ka lehulehu - ua kikoʻī loa ke kumuhana a me ke ʻano. Akā ʻo nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo "War and Peace" a me "Moskow does not Believe in Tears" ua laki ʻole lākou me kā lākou mea hoʻokūkū. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo "War and Peace" ma 1965 i 58 miliona mau mea nānā a aia i mua o nā kiʻi Soviet a pau, akā ua nalo i ka comedy ʻAmelika "He mau kaikamahine wale nō i ka jazz" me Marilyn Monroe. ʻO ke kiʻi pena "ʻAʻole ʻIke ʻo Moscow i nā waimaka" i ka makahiki 1980 kahi hoʻi i lilo i ka lua o ka wahi, a lilo i ka luna Soviet mua "Pirates o ke kenekulia XX".
7. ʻO ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Cruel Romance", i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka makahiki 1984, ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia e ka poʻe hoʻolohe, akā ʻaʻole makemake ʻia e nā poʻe loiloi kiʻiʻoniʻoni. No ka poʻe hōkū, ʻo Nikita Mikhalkov, Andrei Myagkov, Alisa Freindlich a me nā mea hana keaka ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe ʻeha. Akā ʻo ka ʻōpio ʻo Larisa Guzeeva, ka mea i hoʻokani i ke kūlana wahine nui, ua hoʻomanawanui ʻoi i ka hōʻino. Ma hope o "Cruel Romance," ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e pāʻani i nā kuleana like ʻole, me he mea lā e hōʻoia ana ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻi wale i ke kiʻi o kahi wahine palupalu palupalu. Ua hōkū nui ʻo Guzeeva, akā ʻaʻole kūleʻa nā kiʻi ʻelua a me nā hana. A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻo "Cruel Romance" ka mea i kūleʻa nui i kāna ʻoihana.
Malia paha e hoʻomau ʻo Larisa Guzeeva i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia kiʻi
8. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao kālā o ka hana kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i ka Soviet Union hiki ke lilo i kumuhana o ka noiʻi hoihoi. Maliʻa paha e ʻoi aku ka hoihoi o ia mau noiʻi ma mua o nā moʻolelo e pili ana i ka pau ʻole o ka pilina aloha o nā hōkū kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo nā mea hana e like me "Seventeen Moments of Spring" a i ʻole "DʻArtanyan a me nā Three Musketeers" hiki ke moe pono i ka papa ma muli o nā kūʻē kālā. Eia nō naʻe, moe ka "Musketeers" ma ka papa no ka aneane hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻO ke kumu ka makemake o ka luna hoʻokele e kākau like i ka palapala. Me he mea lā he kapu loa ia, a ma hope o ka hūnā ʻana i ke kālā, he mea koʻikoʻi ia i nā wā Soviet. ʻO nā mea kākau o ka palapala wale nō i loaʻa i kekahi ʻano analogue o nā royalties - nā mōʻī no ka hana kope ʻana o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a i ʻole ke hōʻike ʻia ʻana ma ke kīwī. ʻO ke koena i loaʻa i kā lākou pono a ʻoliʻoli i nā kukuna o ka hanohano a i hoʻomoʻa ʻia paha i ka piʻo e kū mai ana o ka hoʻohewa. I ka manawa like, pili ka loaʻa kālā o nā mea hana keaka i nā kumu he nui a paʻakikī e wānana iā ia. Akā i ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻilihuna nā mea hoʻokūkū kūleʻa. Eia, no ka laʻana, nā hopena kālā o ke kiʻi ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "The Adjutant of His Excellency". Ua hala ke kiʻi ʻana mai Malaki 17 a ʻAukake 8, 1969. A laila ua hoʻopau ʻia nā mea hana a kāhea ʻia no ka kiʻi ʻoniʻoni hou ʻana o ka luna hemahema a maikaʻi ʻole paha o ka mea. Noʻeono mau mahina o ka hana, ua loaʻa ka luna o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, ʻo Yevgeny Tashkov, i 3,500 rubles, ua loaʻa iā Yuri Solomin 2,755 rubles. ʻO ka loaʻa kālā o nā mea hana keaka ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1,000 rubles (ʻo ka averiga uku ma ka ʻāina ma kahi o 120 rubles). Ua ola nā mea hana keaka, e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei, "i nā mea āpau i mākaukau". Ke hana nei ka pilina i ke kī ʻana - ma ka liʻiliʻi hiki i nā mea hana keaka ke hele aku i mea e hoʻokani ai i kā lākou hale keaka a i ʻole hōkū i kahi kiʻi ʻē aʻe.
ʻO Yuri Solomin i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Adjutant o ka Mea Hanohano"
9. Ua hala mua ʻo Galina Polskikh i kona mau mākua. Ua make ka makuakāne ma mua, ua make ka makuahine i ka wā ʻaʻole o ke kaikamahine ʻo 8 mau makahiki. Ua hānai ʻia kahi hōkū o ka wā e kekahi kupuna wahine, ka mea i neʻe mua i Moscow i kona wā ʻelemakule. Ua lawe ʻo Tūtū wahine me ia i kahi kuanaʻike i ke ola. Aia a hiki i kona mau lā hope loa, ua manaʻo ʻo ia i ka ʻoihana o kahi mea hana keaka ʻaʻole i hilinaʻi a hoʻohuli iā Galina e hana i kahi mea koʻikoʻi. I ka manawa i kūʻai aku ai ʻo Polskikh i koʻu kupunawahine i nui (no kēlā mau manawa, ʻoia nō) kīwī TV. Ua makemake ka mea hana keaka e ʻike kona kupuna wahine iā ia ma Dingo Wild Dog. Auē, a hiki i ka make ʻana o koʻu kupunahine, ka mea hiki ʻole ke hele i ka hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ma muli o ka maʻi, ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ma ke kīwī.
ʻO Galina Polskikh ma "Wild Dog Dingo" maikaʻi loa
10. Kaulana ʻia e ka poʻe nānā i kāna kuleana ma ke ʻano he kāpena mākaʻi ʻo Vladislav Slavin i Gentlemen o Fortune, ʻo Oleg Vidov ka mea ʻoi loa o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Lūkia i holo i waho. I ka makahiki 1983, ua heʻe ʻo ia ma o Yugoslavia, kahi i hui ai ʻo ia me kāna wahine ʻehā a hope loa ma United States. I ka Honua Hou, ua lilo ʻo ia i mea kaulana, ʻo ka mea mua loa, ʻo ia ke kāne nāna i lawe i nā kiʻi pena Lūkia maikaʻi loa i ke Komohana. Ua kūʻai aku i nā kuleana e hōʻike a paʻi i nā kaukani o nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Soviet mai ka hoʻokele hou o Soyuzmultfilm ma ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, loaʻa kālā maikaʻi ʻo Vidov. ʻOiai ʻo kāna loaʻa kālā āpau, a me nā uku no ke kūlana ʻelua a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻAmelika, ua hele nō i loko o ka ʻeke o nā ʻAesculapians ʻAmelika. I ka makahiki 1998, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Vidov me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pituitary. Mai ia manawa a hiki i kona make ʻana, hoʻomau ʻo Vidov i ka hakakā ʻana me ka make. ʻO ka lanakila ma ke duel me kahi hopena i koho mua ʻia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Mei 15, 2017, i ka manawa i make ai ʻo Vidov ma Westlake Village Hospital.
"E kūʻai i kāleka nou, e bast!" Keaukaha hoʻokele - Oleg Vidov
