ʻO Mikhail Vasilievich Ostrogradsky (1801-1861) - Lūkini makemakika a me ka mīkini o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o Iukureini, kālaiʻike o ka St. Petersburg Academy of Science, ka makemakika koʻikoʻi loa i ka Lūkini Lūkini i nā 1830-1860.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻomanaʻo o Ostrogradsky, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Mikhail Ostrogradsky.
Kahu o Ostrogradsky
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Mikhail Ostrogradsky ma ka lā 12 Kepakemapa (24), 1801 i ke kauhale o Pashennaya (Poltava panalāʻau). Ua ulu ʻo ia i loko o ka ʻohana o ka mea nona ka ʻāina ʻo Vasily Ostrogradsky, kahi i hele mai kahi ʻohana hanohano.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
ʻO kā Mikaana make wai no ka ʻike i hoʻomaka e hōʻike iā ia iho i kona mau makahiki ʻōpio. Ua hoihoi ʻo ia i nā hanana ʻepekema kūlohelohe.
I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole makemake ʻo Ostrogradsky e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina ma ke kula hānai, i alakaʻi ʻia e ʻIvan Kotlyarevsky - ka mea kākau o ka burlesque kaulana "Aeneid".
I ka makahiki 15 o Mikhail, lilo ʻo ia i mea manawaleʻa, a hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai lilo ʻo ia i haumana o ka Physics and Matematika Kula o ke Kulanui ʻo Kharkov.
Ma hope o 3 mau makahiki, ua hiki i ke kanaka ʻōpio ke hoʻoholo i nā hōʻike moho me ka hanohano. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻonele nā polofesa kūloko i ka palapala hōʻoia ʻOstrogradskiy o ka moho o ka ʻepekema a me ka diploma.
Ua pili kēia ʻano hana a nā polopeka Kharkov me kona haʻalele pinepine ʻana mai nā papa i ka hoʻomana. ʻO ka hopena, ua haʻalele ʻia ke kāne me ka ʻole o ka kekelē.
I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua haʻalele ʻo Mikhail Vasilyevich i Palisa e hoʻomau i ke aʻo ʻana i ka makemakika.
Ma ke kapikala Palani, ua aʻo ʻo Ostrogradsky ma Sorbonne a me ke College de France. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia i hele i nā haʻiʻōlelo a nā ʻepekema kaulana e like me Fourier, Ampere, Poisson a me Cauchy.
Ka hana ʻepekema
I ka makahiki 1823, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Mikhail e hana ma ke ʻano he polofesa ma ke Kulanui o Henry 4. I loko o kēlā wā o kona moʻomeheu, ua paʻi ʻo ia i ka hana "On the Propagation of Waves in a Cylindrical Basin", a ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kona mau hoa Palani no ka noʻonoʻo.
Ua loaʻa nā hana i nā loiloi maikaʻi, ma muli o ka hopena a Augustin Cauchy i ʻōlelo ai e pili ana i kāna mea kākau: "ʻO kēia kanaka ʻōpio Lūkini i makana ʻia me ka ʻike nui a he ʻike hoʻi.
I ka makahiki 1828 hoʻi ʻo Mikhail Ostrogradsky i kona ʻāina hānau me ka palapala diploma a me ke kūlana kaulana ma ke ʻano he ʻepekema kaulana.
I ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua koho ʻia ka makemakika i kālaiʻike ʻoi loa o ka St. Petersburg Academy of Science. I nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, lilo ʻo ia i lālā pili o ka Paris Academy of Science, kahi lālā o ke kula ʻAmelika, Roman a me nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe.
I ka wā o ka moʻomeheu o 1831-1862. ʻO Ostrogradsky ke poʻo o ka ʻOihana Hana Hana Mīkini ma ka Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers. Ma waho o kāna kuleana pololei, ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ke kākau ʻana i nā hana hou.
I ka hoʻoilo o 1838, ua lilo ʻo Mikhail Vasilyevich i kūkākūkā malū no ka pae 3, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi kuhina a kiaʻāina paha.
Makemake ʻo Mikhail i ke kālailai makemakika, ka algebra, ke kumumanaʻo kūpono, ka mīkini, ka manaʻo o ka magnetism a me ke kumumanaʻo o nā helu. ʻO ia ka mea kākau o ka hana no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā hana noʻonoʻo.
I ka physics, ua piʻi ka ʻepekema i kahi kiʻekiʻe. Ua loaʻa iā ia kahi hana nui no ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi integral volume i kahi integral o luna.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ma mua o kona make ʻana, ua paʻi ʻo Ostrogradskiy i kahi puke kahi āna i hōʻike ai i kāna mau manaʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻia o nā hoʻohālikelike o nā dynamics.
Haʻawina pedagogical
I ka manawa he kūlana kaulana ko Ostrogradsky ma ke ʻano he makemakika loea loa ma Rūsia, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻomohala i nā hana aʻo ākea a me nā hana kaiaulu ma St.
He polopeka ke kāne ma nā ʻoihana aʻo he nui. No nā makahiki he nui ʻo ia ka mea nānā nui i ke aʻo ʻana i ka makemakika ma nā kula pūʻali koa.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i ka wā i hāʻule ai nā hana a Nikolai Lobachevsky i ka lima o Ostrogradsky, ua hoʻohewa ʻo ia iā lākou.
Mai ka 1832, ua aʻo ʻo Mikhail Vasilyevich i ka algebra kiʻekiʻe, ka geometry anamana a me nā mekanika theoretical ma ka Main Pedagogical Institute. A ʻo kahi hopena, lilo ka hapa nui o kāna poʻe ukali i ʻepekema kaulana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
I nā makahiki 1830, ua aʻo ʻo Ostrogradsky a i ʻole kāna hoapapa ʻo Bunyakovsky i nā kumuhana makemakika āpau i nā corps luna.
Mai ia manawa, ma kahi o 30 mau makahiki, a hiki i kona make ʻana, ʻo Mikhail Vasilievich ka mea koʻikoʻi i waena o nā makemakika Lūkia. I ka manawa like, ua kōkua ʻo ia e hoʻomohala i nā kumu aʻo ʻōpio.
He mea pīhoihoi ʻo Ostrogradsky ke kumu o nā keiki a Emperor Nicholas 1.
Nā makahiki i hala a me ka make
Wahi a kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, i kona mau makahiki hāʻule, ua lilo ʻo Ostrogradsky i hoihoi i ka spiritualism. He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia he maka hoʻokahi kona.
Ma kahi o ʻeono mau mahina ma mua o ka make ʻana o ka ʻepekema, ua hana ʻia kahi abscess ma kona kua, a lilo ia i ʻōpuʻu ulu kolohe e ulu wikiwiki nei. Ua hana ʻoki ʻia ʻo ia, akā ʻaʻole ia i kōkua e hoʻopakele iā ia mai ka make.
Ua make ʻo Mikhail Vasilievich Ostrogradsky ma Kekemapa 20, 1861 (Ianuali 1, 1862) i ka makahiki 60. Ua kanu ʻia ʻo ia i kona kauhale kamaʻāina, ʻoiai ʻo ia i noi aku ai i kāna poʻe i aloha ai.
Nā kiʻi ʻo Ostrogradsky
