Heinrich Müller (1900 - malia paha ʻo Mei 1945) - Luna Nui o nā mākaʻi mokuʻāina malū (4th department of the RSHA) o Kelemania (1939-1945), SS Gruppenfuehrer a me Lieutenant General o nā mākaʻi.
Ua manaʻo ʻia kekahi o nā kiʻi pohihihi i waena o ka Nazis. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu pololei ʻia kona make ʻana, ua alakaʻi ʻia kēia i nā lono a me nā kuhi hewa e pili ana i kona wahi.
Ma ke poʻo o ka Gestapo, ua pili ʻo Müller i nā hewa āpau o ka mākaʻi huna a me ka keʻena palekana (RSHA), e hōʻike ana i ka makaʻu o ka Gestapo.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Heinrich Müller, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, eia kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Mueller.
Kawaihae o Heinrich Müller
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Heinrich Müller ma ka lā 28 ʻApelila 1900 ma Munich. Ua ulu ʻo ia i loko o ka ʻohana o ka gendarme mua ʻo Alois Müller a me kāna wahine ʻo Anna Schreindl. He kaikuahine kāna i make ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
I ka hala ʻana o Heinrich ma kahi o 6 mau makahiki, ua hele ʻo ia i ka papa 1 ma Ingolstadt. Ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua hoʻouna kona mau mākua iā ia i kahi kula hana ma Schrobenhausen.
He haumana mākaukau ʻo Müller, akā ua kamaʻilio nā kumu iā ia ma ke ʻano he keikikāne mākaukau i ka wahaheʻe. Ma hope o kona puka ʻana mai ka papa ʻumikūmālua, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hana ma ke ʻano he haumana ma ka hale hana mokulele Munich. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomaka ke Kaua Honua Mua (1914-1918).
Ma hope o 3 mau makahiki o ke aʻo ʻana, ua hoʻoholo ke kanaka ʻōpio e hele i mua. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa pūʻali koa, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Heinrich e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he pailaka haumana haumana. I ka puna o 1918 ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia i ke Komohana Komohana.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ka Mueller 17 makahiki i hana i ka hoʻouka kaua ma Palisa iā ia iho, a me ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i kona ola iho. No kona koa, ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ka Iron Cross o ke kekelē 1. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaua, ua hana ʻo ia no kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he lawe ukana, a ma hope ua hui pū ʻo ia me nā mākaʻi.
Nā hana ʻoihana a me ke aupuni
I ka hopena o 1919, ua lawelawe ʻo Heinrich Müller ma ke ʻano he kōkua mākaʻi. Ma hope o 10 mau makahiki, ua hana ʻo ia no ka mākaʻi politika ma Munich. Ua kiaʻi ke kāne i nā alakaʻi komunista, e hakakā ana i nā hui pro-komunista.
Ma waena o kāna mau hoapili, ʻaʻohe o Mueller mau hoaaloha pili, ʻoiai he kanaka kānalua a hoʻopailua loa ia. Ma ke ʻano he mākaʻi ma ka moʻomeheu o 1919-1933. ʻaʻole ʻo ia i kau nui i ka nānā iā ia iho.
I ka manawa i lilo ai ka Nazis i mana ma 1933, ʻo ka luna o Heinrich ʻo Reinhard Heydrich. I ka makahiki aʻe, ua paipai ʻo Heydrich iā Müller e hoʻomau i ka lawelawe ʻana ma Berlin. Ma aneʻi, ua lilo koke ke kāne SS Untersturmführer, a ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope - SS Obersturmbannführer a me Luna Nui o nā mākaʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, ma kahi hou, pili pili loa ko Muller me ke alakaʻi. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ia no ka hana hewa a me ka hakakā paʻakikī i ka hema. I ka manawa like, hoʻopaʻapaʻa ka poʻe o ka wā no kona pono ponoʻī, ua hoʻomāinoino ʻo ia i ka poʻe pono me ka ikaika like, inā e loaʻa nā mahalo mai nā luna.
Ua hoʻohewa ʻia ʻo Heinrich no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomanawanui i kēlā poʻe a puni iā ia ka mea i ālai iā ia mai ka neʻe ʻana i ke alapiʻi ʻoihana. Eia kekahi, ua ʻae ʻo ia i ka mahalo no ka hana i pili ʻole iā ia.
Eia nō naʻe, me ke kūʻē ʻana o nā hoa, ua hōʻoia ʻo Müller i kona kiʻekiʻe. Ma hope o kahi kūlana maikaʻi ʻole i hele mai iā ia mai Munich, ua hiki iā ia ke lele ma luna o 3 mau ʻanuʻu o ke alapiʻi hierarchical i ka manawa hoʻokahi. A ʻo kahi hopena, ua hoʻolilo ʻia ka Kelemania i poʻo inoa o SS Standartenführer.
I loko o kēia wā o kāna moʻolelo pilikino, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Heinrich Müller i kona puka ʻana mai ka hale pule, e makemake ana e hoʻokō i nā koi a pau o ka manaʻo ideology Nazi. Ua huhū nui kēia hana i kona mau mākua, akā no kā lāua keikikāne, ʻo ka ʻoihana ka hana mua.
I ka makahiki 1939, ua lilo 'o Mueller i lālā no ka NSDAP. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ka pou o ke Gestapo. Ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki ʻelua ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo ia i ke kūlana o SS Gruppenfuehrer a me Lieutenant General o nā mākaʻi. I loko o kēia wā o kāna moʻomeheu i hiki iā ia ke hōʻike piha i kona hiki.
Mahalo i kāna ʻike ʻoihana a me kāna ʻike kiʻekiʻe, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo Heinrich i ka nui o ka ʻike e pili ana i kēlā me kēia lālā kiʻekiʻe o ka NSDAP. No laila, ua ʻae ʻo ia i nā hōʻike e kūʻē i nā Nazis koʻikoʻi e like me Himmler, Bormann a me Heydrich. Inā pono, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana iā lākou no nā kumu ponoʻī.
Ma hope o ka luku ʻia ʻana o Heydrich, ua lilo ʻo Müller i mea kōkua ma lalo o Ernst Kaltenbrunner, me ka hoʻomau ʻana e kākoʻo ikaika i ka hoʻomāinoino kūʻē i nā ʻenemi o ke kolu o ka Reich. Hana ʻo ia me ke aloha ʻole i nā hoa kūʻē, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana no kēia.
Hāʻawi ka Nazi iā ia iho i nā palapala kūpono a me nā keʻena no nā helehelena, aia ma kahi kokoke i ka bunker o Hitler. I kēlā manawa, he mau hana kāna i ka lima no kēlā me kēia lālā o ka Reich, ke kiʻi iā ia wale nō a me ka Fuhrer.
Ua hana ikaika ʻo Müller i ka hoʻomaʻau a me ka luku ʻia o nā Iudaio a me nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe. I loko o ke kaua, alakaʻi ʻo ia i nā hana he nui e pili ana i ka luku ʻana i nā pio i nā kahua hoʻomoana. ʻO ia ke kuleana no ka make ʻana o miliona o ka poʻe hala ʻole.
No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kāna mau pahuhopu ponoʻī, ua hele pinepine ʻo Heinrich Müller i ka hana ʻana i nā hihia. He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo ua hana ʻo Gestapo agents i Moscow, e ʻohiʻohi ana i ka ʻike kūpono no ko lākou luna. He kanaka akahele a makaʻala hoʻi ʻo ia me ka hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo anikiniko.
ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hana ʻo Müller i ka mea hiki e pale aku i nā aniani pahupaʻikiʻi, ʻo ia ke kumu e liʻiliʻi loa ai nā kiʻi Nazi i kēia lā. Ma muli o ka paʻa ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻenemi ke hoʻomaopopo i kona ʻano.
Hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻole ʻo Heinrich i ka pena ʻana i kona ʻano koko ma lalo o ka ʻaoʻao hema, nā limahana SS āpau. E like me ka manawa e haʻi ai, e hua ana kahi hana noʻonoʻo. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e kūleʻa nui nā koa Soviet i ka helu ʻana i nā luna Kelemania me ia ʻano peʻa wale nō.
Ke ola pilikino
I ka makahiki 1917 hoʻomaka ʻo Müller e mālama i ke kaikamahine a kahi mea waiwai waiwai a paʻi hale, ʻo Sofia Dischner. Ma hope o 7 mau makahiki, ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe ʻōpio e mare. I kēia male ʻana, ua hānau ʻia kahi keikikāne ʻo Reinhard a me kahi kaikamahine ʻo Elisabeta.
He pīhoihoi ia ʻaʻole kākoʻo ke kaikamahine i National Socialism. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe nīnau no ka hemo male, no ka mea ua hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole kēia i ka pilikanaka o kahi luna SS hiʻohiʻona. Wahi a kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, he mau haku wahine ko Heneri.
I ka hopena o 1944, ua hoʻoneʻe ke kāne i ka ʻohana i kahi wahi palekana ma Munich. Ua ola ʻo Sofia i kahi ola lōʻihi, e make ana ma 1990 i ka makahiki 90.
Make
ʻO Heinrich Müller kekahi o nā Nazis kūlana kiʻekiʻe i pakele i ka noho hoʻokolokolo ma Nuremberg. Ma Mei 1, 1945, ua kū ʻo ia i mua o ka Fuehrer me ka lole piha, e ʻōlelo ana ua mākaukau ʻo ia e mōhai i kona ola no Hitler a me Kelemania.
I ka pō o 1 a i 2 Mei 1945, ua hoʻāʻo kahi ʻāpana Nazi e haki i waho o ke apo Soviet. Ma ka ʻaoʻao, hōʻole ʻo Heneri e holo, me ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ka pio iā ia. ʻAʻole naʻe e ʻike maopopo ʻia kahi a ma kahi i make ai ʻo Mueller.
I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ka Reich Ministry of Aviation ma Mei 6, 1945, ua loaʻa ke kupapaʻu o kahi kāne, nona ka ʻaukā palapala i loaʻa ai kahi palapala o ka Gruppenführer Heinrich Müller. Eia nō naʻe, ʻae ka poʻe loea he nui i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua mālama ka fascist e ola.
Aia nā ʻano lono like ʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma USSR, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua waiho ʻia nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he agena ʻo ia no ka NKVD, ʻoiai ua ʻōlelo nā loea ʻē aʻe hiki iā ia ke hana no Stasi, ka mākaʻi huna o ka GDR.
Wahi a nā mea nūpepa ʻAmelika, ua kiʻi ʻia ʻo Mueller e ka US CIA, akā ʻaʻole kākoʻo ʻia kēia ʻike e nā ʻike kūpaʻa.
A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻo ka make ʻana o kahi Nazi akahele a noʻonoʻo hoʻi e hāpai mau ana i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻae ʻia ua make ʻo Heinrich Müller i ka lā Mei 1 a i ʻole 2, 1945, i ka makahiki 45.
Nā kiʻi na Heinrich Müller
