Manaʻo kūpono ʻia ka pūʻali koa Terracotta i kahua hoʻoilina honua UNESCO, no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kahi kia moʻomeheu ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā koa, nā lio a me nā kaʻa o ka Emepera Qin Shi Huang e hōʻike nei i kona ikaika a me kona mana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia he aliʻi holomua loa ʻo ia o kona manawa, ʻoiai, e like me ke kuʻuna, ua kanu pū ʻia nā mea waiwai a pau me ke aliʻi, me nā kānaka, a ʻo kāna pūʻali koa nui he kiʻi kiʻi wale nō ia.
Pehea ke ʻano o ka pūʻali koa Terracotta?
Aia nā koa i loaʻa ma lalo o ka Lishan Mountain, e like me ke kūlanakauhale i kanu ʻia me ka nui o nā mea waiwai o ka palapala mōʻaukala. Ma waena o nā kiʻi kālai, ʻaʻole wale nā koa, akā ʻo nā lio kekahi, a me nā kaʻa kaʻa hoʻohanohano. Hana ʻia kēlā me kēia kāne a me ka lio e ka lima, loaʻa i nā koa nā mea kūikawā, nā helehelena kū hoʻokahi a me nā kiʻi, he mau mea kaua kā kēlā me kēia: nā kakaka, nā pahi kaua, nā ihe. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi poʻe koa hele wāwae, koa lio a me nā luna i nā kūlana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā kikoʻī o ka lole, nā kikoʻī e hana ʻia a hiki i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
Mahalo ka poʻe he aha ka pūʻali koa pōhaku o nā kiʻi terracotta i hana ʻia ai. Hana ʻia ia i ka pālolo, akā lawe ʻia mai nā koa mai nā wahi like ʻole o ka ʻāina, no ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou i ʻokoʻa i ka hana o nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia. ʻO nā lio, e like me ka mea noiʻi, hana ʻia mai kahi lāhui i lawe ʻia mai Lishan Mountain. ʻO ke kumu o kēia ko lākou kaumaha nui, kahi e hoʻopilikia loa ai i ka halihali. ʻO ke kaupaona kaumaha o nā lio ma luna o 200 kg, a ʻo ke kino kanaka ma kahi o 130 kg. ʻO ka ʻenehana no ka hana ʻana i nā kiʻi kiʻi like: hāʻawi ʻia lākou i ke ʻano i makemake ʻia, a laila hoʻomoʻa ʻia, uhi ʻia me ka aniani kūikawā a me ka pena.
ʻO ka moʻaukala o ke ʻano o ke kanu ʻana nui
ʻAʻole hiki ke kānalua i ka ʻāina hea i loaʻa ai nā koa i loko, no ka mea ma Kina o kēlā au he mea maʻamau ke kanu ʻana i nā mea āpau i waiwai nui ʻia me ke aliʻi make. ʻO ia ke kumu i noʻonoʻo ai ke aliʻi mua o ka moʻokūʻauhau Qin, i ka makahiki 13, e pili ana i ke ʻano o kona hale kupapaʻu, a hoʻomaka i kahi kūkulu nui o ka hale kupapaʻu.
Hiki ke kāhea ʻia kona noho aliʻi ʻana he mea nui no ka mōʻaukala Kina, ʻoiai ʻo ia i hoʻohui i nā aupuni kaua, e hoʻopau ana i kahi wā o ka hoʻomāinoino, hao wale a wāwahi ʻia. Ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o kona nui, ua luku ʻo ia i nā kia hoʻomanaʻo a pau mai ka wā ma mua o kona noho aliʻi ʻana, a puhi i ke ahi i nā palapala e wehewehe ana i ka papa o nā wā mua. Mai ka 246 BC Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana ma ka hale kupapaʻu ʻo Qin Shi Huang a ua hoʻopau ʻia e 210 BC, i ka manawa i hoʻokau ʻia ai ka emepela ma hope o kona make ʻana.
Paipai mākou e heluhelu e pili ana i ka luakini o ka lani.
Wahi a ka moʻolelo, i ka manawa mua ua hoʻolālā ʻo ia e kanu me 4000 mau koa me ia, akā ua liʻiliʻi ka heluna kanaka o ke aupuni ma hope o nā makahiki he nui o nā kaua pau ʻole. ʻO ia ka manawa i loaʻa iā ia ka manaʻo e hoʻonoho me ka pūʻali koa Terracotta, ʻoiai e manaʻo ʻia e like me ka pūʻali koa maoli. ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike maopopo i ka nui o nā koa i hoʻonoho ʻia i ka hale kupapaʻu. Ua koho ʻia aia ma mua o 8,000 o lākou, akā aia paha he mau mea pohihihi i hūnā ʻole ʻia e hūnā ʻia ma lalo o ka honua.
Ma waho o kāna pūʻali koa, ua kanu ka mōʻī nui i kāna mau haiā wahine me ia, a ma kahi o 70,000 mau limahana i hana i ka hana ʻana o ka monument moʻomeheu. Ua 38 mau makahiki ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka hale kupapaʻu i ke ao a me ka pō, a ʻo kahi hopena i hohola ʻia ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilomita ke ʻano he kūlanakauhale holoʻokoʻa i kanu ʻia ma lalo o ka honua. Nui nā ʻike ʻē i hoʻopunipuni ʻia i loko o nā kākau lima e pili ana i kēia wahi, kahi e hōʻike ai i nā mea huna hou i hōʻike ʻole ʻia.
ʻImi i ka mea pohihihi o Kina
No nā makahiki he nui, ua hele ka poʻe noho o Xian ma ka ʻāina puʻu a ʻaʻole lākou i noʻonoʻo aia ma lalo o ko lākou mau wāwae ka hūnā ʻia o nā mea kupaianaha me ka moʻolelo he tausani makahiki i kapa ʻia ka pūʻali koa Terracotta. I kēia wahi, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā pā pālolo, akā e like me nā kaʻao ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopā ʻia a, ʻoiai, lawe ʻia aku me ʻoe. I ka 1974, ua ʻike ʻia ka hale kupapaʻu e Yan Ji Wang, ka mea makemake e kuʻi i kahi luawai kokoke i ka mauna ʻo Lishan. Ma kahi hohonu o 5 mau mika, kuʻi ka mea mahiʻai i ke poʻo o kekahi o nā koa. No nā mea kākau moʻolelo a me nā kānaka hulikoehana, he mea haʻalulu maoli ka mea i loaʻa a me ka hoʻomaka o ka noiʻi lōʻihi.
Ua hana ʻia ka ʻeli ʻana i ʻekolu mau hanana, ʻo ka hope loa o ia mau mea ʻaʻole i pau. Ma mua o 400 mau koa o ka pūʻali koa Terracotta i ʻike mua ʻia i hoʻouna ʻia i nā hale hōʻikeʻike o ka honua, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou i noho ma Kina, kahi o ka mōʻī nāna i hana i kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo mōʻaukala. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hale kupapaʻu kiaʻi ka waiwai nui o ka ʻāina, no ka mea ua kono ʻia nā malihini kipa kiʻekiʻe loa i aneʻi e mahalo i ka nui o ka mōʻī mua o ka moʻokūʻauhau Qin.
Hiki i kēlā me kēia mākaʻikaʻi ke kipa i ke kūlanakauhale kanu. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e ʻike pehea e hele ai mai Beijing mai, no ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o nā huakaʻi e kipa aku ana i ka pūʻali koa Terracotta i ka papahana. I ke kaʻina o ia, hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i ke kiʻi o nā kiʻi kālai pālolo nui me nā helehelena ʻokoʻa, me he mea lā ua hoʻomāhuahua ʻia i mau makahiki he mau makahiki.
