Manaʻo ʻia ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Lake Balkhash ma mua o kā mākou wā e ka poʻe Kina, nāna i mālama i nā pilina pili loa me nā ʻohana o Central Asia. Ua hāʻawi kēia poʻe iā ia i ka inoa ʻano ʻole "Si-Hai", a ma ka unuhi ʻana e like me "Ke kai Komohana". Ma loko o nā moʻolelo he mau kenekulia i kona ola ʻana, ua kapa hou ʻia ka waihona wai e ka poʻe Tureke ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa: ʻo ka mua i loko o "Ak-Dengiz", a laila i loko o "Kukcha-Dengiz". Ua kaupalena nā Kazakh iā lākou iho i kahi inoa maʻalahi - "Tengiz" (kai). ʻO ka huakaʻi nui mua i kēia mau wahi i hoʻomaka i ka waena o ke kenekulia 18.
Aia ma hea ʻo Lake Balkhash
ʻO ka wahi o ka mea ʻumeʻume ma ka hikina o Kazakhstan, 400 km mai Karaganda. Noho ia i nā ʻāpana 3 o ka ʻāina i ka manawa hoʻokahi - Karagadinsky, Almaty a me Zhambyl. Hoʻopuni ʻia ka wai e nā wai nui one ʻelua. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema ua puni ia i nā mauna haʻahaʻa Chu-Ili, a ma ke komohana aia kahi steppe nani me nā puʻu liʻiliʻi. Nui nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale ma kahakai - Balkhash, Priozersk, Lepsy, Chubar-Tyubek. Koina makemake: latitude - 46 ° 32'27 "s. sh., longitude - 74 ° 52'44 "in. etc.
ʻO ke ala kūpono loa e hele ai i kahi mai Karaganda a me Astana. Mai kēia mau kūlanakauhale aia nā kaʻa ʻōhua a me nā kaʻaahi i ke kahua. ʻO Balkhash. ʻO ka manawa huakaʻi ma kahi o 9 mau hola. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻea i ke kapakai ma ke kaʻa, pāpā ʻia nā kaʻa kaʻa kokoke i ka wai.
Hōʻike o ka hoʻokalakupua
Ua unuhi ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "Balkhash" i ka ʻōlelo Lūkini ma ke ʻano he "puʻupuʻu i ka poho". He kumu kūlohelohe ko kēia loko, ua ʻike ʻia ma muli o ke kūlike ʻole o ka iho o ka papa ʻo Turan a me ke kahe ʻana o nā depressions i hana ʻia, i ka manawa ʻelua o ke au Cenozoic. Nui nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi a ʻelua nui - Basaral a me Tasaral. Ke kuhikuhi nei iā Lake Balkhash i kahi neoneo a i ʻole pau ʻole, ʻoi aku ka pololei o ke koho ʻana i ka koho ʻelua, no ka mea ʻaʻohe ona kahe wai.
Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema, ʻike ʻia ke kīʻaha e kahi lalo kaulike me nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana, ma waena o Cape Korzhyntubek a me Tasaral Island, 11 m ka hohonu hohonu. Ma ka hikina, piʻi kēia kiʻi i 27 m. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kahakai, aia nā pōhaku 20-30 m ke kiʻekiʻe, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻano like lākou, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 m. Ma muli o kēia, kahe pinepine ka wai i waho o ka ipu. Ua hana ʻia nā awāwa liʻiliʻi a nui.
ʻO Balkhash ke kūlana ʻelua ma hope o ke kai Caspian ma ka papa inoa o nā loko paʻakai paʻa i ka honua. ʻO ia ka mea nui loa ma Kazakhstan.
Eia kekahi mau ʻano hou aʻe o ka waihona wai:
- ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui ma mua o 120 km2;
- ʻO ka ʻona ma kahi o 16 tausani km²;
- ke kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka ʻilikai - ma kahi o 300 m;
- ana o Lake Balkhash: lōʻihi - 600 km, ākea ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana - a 70 km, a ma ka hikina - a 20 km;
- aia he 43 mau mokupuni, ulu ia i loko o nā makahiki ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka pae o ka wai i ke kīʻaha;
- he kaulike ʻole ke kahakai, ʻo kona loa ma ka liʻiliʻi 2300 km;
- nā kahawai e kahe ana i loko o ka loko - Lepsi, Aksu, Karatal, Ayaguz a me Ili;
- ʻo ka paʻakai o ka wai ma ka hikina ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka 5.2%, a ma ke komohana he hou ia;
- Hāʻawi ʻia ka meaʻai e ka wai o ka honua, nā aniani, ka hau a me ka ua.
ʻAʻole ʻano ʻokoʻa ka holoholona o ka loko; 20 wale nō ʻano iʻa e noho nei. No nā ʻoihana ʻenehana, hopu lākou i ka carp, bream, pike perch a me asp. Akā ua ʻoi aku ka pōmaikaʻi o nā manu - ua koho ʻia kēia mau wahi e kahi 120 mau ʻano manu, a ʻo kekahi o lākou i helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book. ʻO ka flora nāna i hoʻopiʻi i nā botanist he ʻano like ʻole.
He aha ka mea kū hoʻokahi i kēlā wahi
ʻO ka hoihoi ʻo ia ka loko o nā loko ʻelua, ʻokoʻa radically ma muli o nā ʻano o ka wai. ʻOiai ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou e kahi ākea 4 km ākea, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopā kekahi i kekahi. Ma muli o kēia, kū nā pilikia i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka waihona wai, paʻakai a i ʻole mea hou, no laila ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Lake Balkhash ma ke ʻano he semi-freshwater. ʻAʻohe mea hoihoi iki ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kekelē o ka mineralization wai e ʻokoʻa ke ʻano i nā ʻāpana ʻelua.
Pīhoihoi pū nā geographers a me nā botanist i ka wahi hulihonua o ka waihona wai, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i kōkua ke aniau ʻāinapuniʻole, ka ea maloʻo, ka ua haʻahaʻa a me ka nele o ka wai holo i kona puka ʻana.
Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻino
ʻO ke aniau i kēia wahi maʻamau no nā wao akua; wela loa i ke kauwela, i Iulai hiki i ka ea ke hoʻomehana i 30 ° C. Hoʻemi iki ka mahana o ka wai, 20-25 ° C, a kūpono kūpono no ka ʻauʻau ʻana. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki mai ka manawa o ka hau, hiki i nā-anuanu anuanu ke iho i -14 ° C. Paʻahau ka wai i Nowemapa, a heheʻe ka hau a kokoke iā ʻApelila. ʻO kona mānoanoa hiki i kahi mika. Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka ua, ua maʻa mau nā maloʻo ʻaneʻi. Pā pinepine mai ka makani ikaika ma aneʻi, e pā mai ai nā nalu kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO kahi kaʻao hoihoi e pili ana i ka hiʻona o ka loko
Ke kumu o Lake Balkhash i kāna mau huna ponoʻī. Inā ʻoe e manaʻoʻiʻo i kahi kaʻao kahiko, a laila ma kēia mau wahi i noho ai kahi mea hoʻokalakupua waiwai ʻo Balkhash, ka mea i makemake e mare i kāna kaikamahine maikaʻi. E hana i kēia, ua kāhea ʻo ia i nā moho maikaʻi loa no ka puʻuwai o ke kaikamahine mai nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua. Ua hele paha i kahi kanaka ikaika, maikaʻi a waiwai hoʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i nā keikikāne o ka mōʻī Kina, nā Mongol khan a me Bukhara kālepa ke lilo i kēia manawa kūpono. Ua hele mai lākou e kipa me nā makana he nui me ka lana o ka laki. Akā hoʻokahi kāne ʻōpio, he kahu hipa maʻalahi, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻulua e hele mai i ke kālā ʻole, a, e like me ka laki, ʻo ia ka mea makemake i ka wahine mare.
ʻO Karatal, ʻo ia ka inoa o ke kanaka ʻōpio, ua komo i loko o ke kaua a lanakila i ke kaua me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Akā ʻaʻole hauʻoli ka makuakāne o ke kaikamahine i kēia a, huhū loa, kipaku aku iā ia. ʻAʻole hiki i ka puʻuwai o ka wahine mare ke kū i kēia, a i ka pō ua haʻalele ʻo ʻIli i ka hale o kona makuakāne me kāna mea i wae ʻia. I ka ʻike ʻana o kona makuakāne e pili ana i ka pakele, ua hōʻino ʻo ia i nā mea ʻelua a lilo lāua i ʻelua mau muliwai. Holo aku ko lākou wai ma nā pali o nā kuahiwi, a no ka hui ʻole ʻana, hāʻule ka mea kilokilo ma waena o lākou. Mai ka pīhoihoi nui, ua hina ʻo ia a lilo i loko o kēia loko.
Nā pilikia pili kaiapuni o ka waihona
Aia kekahi pilikia nui o ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i ka nui o Lake Balkhash e pili ana me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka wai mai nā kahawai e kahe ana i loko, ʻo ia hoʻi mai ka Ili. ʻO kāna mea kūʻai nui ka poʻe o Kina. ʻ saylelo nā Ecologists inā holo mau kēia, hiki i ka waihona wai ke hana hou i ka hopena o ke kai Aral, kahi i maloʻo loa. ʻO ka mea kanu metallurgical o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Balkhash he mea weliweli hoʻi ia, nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e hoʻohaumia i ka loko a hana i nā mea e hōʻino ʻole iā ia.
Ma hea ʻoe e noho ai?
ʻOiai mahalo ʻia ka waihona wai no kāna mau manawa leʻaleʻa, nui nā wahi ma kahakai kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke noho ʻoluʻolu. Eia kekahi o lākou:
- hale hoʻolauleʻa "Swallow's Nest" ma Torangalyk;
- dispensary kūlanakauhale ma Balkhash;
- hōkele paʻakikī "Pegas";
- hale komo "Gulfstream";
- hokele "Momi".
Kūkākūkā mākou iā ʻoe e heluhelu e pili ana iā Issyk-Kul Lake.
ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka noho ʻana i kahi lumi maʻamau me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻana a me nā meaʻai he 2500 rubles i kēlā me kēia lā no ʻelua. ʻO ka hoʻomaha ma nā kikowaena mākaʻikaʻi ka makepono loa. Koho ʻia nā Sanatorium kokoke i Lake Balkhash ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino.
ʻO ka leʻaleʻa a me ka leʻaleʻa no nā malihini
Kaulana nui ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma aneʻi, i ʻae ʻia ma nā kumu loea. Ma waena o nā poʻe kipa, nui nō kekahi e makemake e ʻimi i kahi pheasant, kahi hare a i ʻole ʻāpala hihiu. Wehe ʻia ke kau i Kepakemapa a mau a hiki i ka hoʻoilo. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hopu i nā puaʻa hihiu me kahi ʻīlio.
I ke kau mahana, hele mai ka poʻe ma aneʻi no ka hoʻomaha kahakai a me ka luʻu scuba e kiʻi i nā kiʻi nani. Aia ma waena o nā leʻaleʻa i loaʻa he jet skiing, catamarans a me nā moku. Kaulana ka snowmobiling a me ka heʻe i ka hoʻoilo. Ma nā panalāʻau o nā hōkele a me nā sanatorium aia:
- pākaukau pākaina;
- punawai;
- pili kālā;
- holo lio;
- ʻoka;
- hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni;
- ʻōlohelohe;
- hale hoʻoikaika kino;
- paani kinipōpō hīnaʻi;
- holo paikikala.
Ma kahi kokoke i Lake Balkhash aia nā pono pono āpau āpau - kahi haukapila, nā hale kūʻai lāʻau, nā hale kūʻai. Koho ʻia ke kapakai neoneo e ka poʻe "poʻe hihiu" e hele mai nei me nā halelewa. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, he wahi maikaʻi loa kēia e noho ai!
