ʻO Mikhail Alexandrovich Sholokhov (1905 - 1984) kekahi o nā mea kākau kākau Lūkia kaulana loa. ʻO kāna puke "Quiet Don" kahi hana nui loa o nā puke Lūkia i kona mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā puke ʻē aʻe - Virgin Soil Upturned a ua hakakā lākou no ka ʻāina makuahine - i loko o ka waihona gula o ka huaʻōlelo Lūkini i paʻi ʻia.
ʻO Sholokhov i kona ola āpau i noho maʻalahi, mālie, ʻoliʻoli a me ke aloha. ʻO ia kekahi o kāna pono ponoʻī i waena o nā hoalauna o ke kauhale a i waena o ka poʻe i ka mana. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hūnā i kona manaʻo, akā makemake ʻo ia e pāʻani maalea i kāna mau hoaaloha. ʻO kona hale ma ke kauhale ʻo Vyoshenskaya, Rostov Region, ʻaʻole wale ma kahi hana a ka mea kākau, akā he lumi hoʻokipa hoʻi, kahi a nā poʻe i hele aku ai mai kēlā wahi kēia wahi. Ua kōkua ʻo Sholokhov i nā mea he nui a ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale iā haʻi. Ua uku aku kona mau hoa makaʻāinana iā ia me ka hoʻomana lāhui maoli.
ʻO Sholokhov kahi o ka hanauna i piha nā pilikia a me nā kaumaha. Ke Kaua Kivila hoʻomāinoino, hōʻiliʻili, ke Kaua Nui Patriotic, hana hou ma hope o ke kaua ... Mikhail Alexandrovich i komo i loko o kēia mau hanana āpau, a ua hiki nō hoʻi ke hōʻike iā lākou i loko o kāna puke maikaʻi. ʻO ka wehewehe ponoʻī o kona ola, lawe ʻia e ia e kekahi, hiki ke lilo i puke moʻolelo epic.
1. Mai ka male ʻana o ko Sholokhov makuakāne a me kona makuahine a me ka hānau ʻana o Mikhail, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi moʻo piha. ʻO Alexander Sholokhov, ʻoiai ʻo ia no ka papa kalepa, he kanaka hoʻokipa a me ka holomua. Ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia i nā home o nā mea ʻona a ua manaʻo ʻia he pāʻani maikaʻi no nā wahine mare waena. Akā makemake ʻo Alexander i kahi kauā wahine maʻalahi i lawelawe i ka hale o ka mea nona ka ʻāina ʻo Popova. Ma ka Don, a hiki i ka ʻOkakopa Revolution, mālama ʻia nā palena papa koʻikoʻi, no laila ʻo ka male ʻana o ke keiki a kahi mea kālepa i kahi kauā wahine he mea hilahila no ka ʻohana. ʻO Anastasia, ka mea i wae ʻia ʻo Alexander, ua hala ʻia ma ke ʻano he kāne make ma ke kauoha a ke ataman. Eia naʻe, haʻalele koke ka wahine ʻōpio i kāna kāne a hoʻomaka e noho i ka hale o Alexander, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka ʻohana, ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka mea hale. No laila, ua hānau ʻia ʻo Mikhail Sholokhov ma waho o ka male ma 1905 a hānau ʻia kahi inoa ʻokoʻa. I ka makahiki 1913 wale nō, ma hope o ka make ʻana o ke kāne paʻa a Anastasia, ua hiki i ka wahine e male a hāʻawi i kā lāua keiki i ka inoa ʻo Sholokhov ma kahi o Kuznetsov.
2. ʻO ka male wale nō o Mikhail ponoʻī, ma ka hoʻoilina, ʻaʻole hoʻi i hele me ka hanana ʻole. I ka makahiki 1923, e male ana ʻo ia i ke kaikamahine a ka luna aliʻi Gromoslavsky. ʻO ka makuahōnōwai kāne, ʻoiai ua pakele kupanaha ʻo ia i ke kī ʻia ʻana e nā poʻe keʻokeʻo no ka lawelawe ʻana i ka Pūʻali Koa, a laila na nā ʻulaʻula i ka wā o ka decossackization, he kāne paʻakikī ia, a i ka manawa mua ʻaʻole ʻo ia i makemake e hāʻawi i kāna kaikamahine no kahi mea ʻaihue, ʻoiai he ʻeke palaoa wale nō kāna i hāʻawi aku ai no kahi dote Akā ʻaʻole like ka manawa, a paʻakikī i nā kāne ma Don i kēlā manawa - ehia mau ola Cossack i lawe ʻia e nā kipi a me nā kaua. A i Ianuali 1924, ua lilo ʻo Mikhail lāua ʻo Maria Sholokhovs i kāne a wahine. Ua noho lāua i ka male male no 60 makahiki a me 1 mahina, a hiki i ka make ʻana o ka mea kākau. I ka male ʻana, ua hānau ʻia he 4 mau keiki - ʻelua mau keikikāne, ʻo Alexander a me Mikhail, a me ʻelua mau kaikamahine, ʻo Svetlana lāua ʻo Maria. Ua hala ʻo Maria Petrovna Sholokhova i ka makahiki 1992 i ka makahiki 91.
Ua koho ʻia lākou e ola i 60 mau makahiki
3. ʻO Mikhail Alexandrovich mai ka wā kamaliʻi i ʻike i ka ʻike e like me ka hulu. He ʻōpio i kēia manawa, ʻoiai ʻo 4 wale nō papa o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa gymnasium, maʻalahi ʻole ʻo ia i hiki iā ia ke kamaʻilio me nā mākua i aʻo ʻia ma nā kumumanaʻo akeakamai. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hooki i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ia iho, a lilo i mea kākau kaulana. I nā makahiki 1930, ua mālama ʻia ka “Writers 'Shop” ma Moscow, kahi hale kūʻai puke e hana ana i ke koho ʻana i nā puke e pili ana i nā kumuhana hoihoi. I loko o kekahi mau makahiki wale nō, ua hōʻiliʻili nā limahana o ka hale kūʻai i kā Sholokhov hōʻiliʻili o nā puke e pili ana i ka akeakamai, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 300 mau puke. Ma ka manawa like, hele ʻo ka mea kākau i nā puke i hala i loko o kāna waihona mai nā papa inoa o nā puke i hāʻawi ʻia.
4. ʻAʻohe o Sholokhov manawa e hoʻopaʻa mele ai, a ma hea ʻole, akā he kanaka hoʻokani pila ʻo ia. Ua haku ʻo Mikhail Alexandrovich i ka mandolin a me ka piano iā ia iho a hīmeni maikaʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kahaha ka hope no kahi ʻōiwi o Cossack Don. ʻOiai, aloha ʻo Sholokhov i ka hoʻolohe ʻana iā Cossack a me nā mele ʻōiwi, a me nā hana a Dmitry Shostakovich.
5. I loko o ke kaua, ua luku ʻia ka hale o nā Sholokhovs ma Vyoshenskaya e kahi pōkā kokoke o kahi pōkā pahū, ua make ka makuahine o ka mea kākau. Makemake maoli ʻo Mikhail Alexandrovich e hoʻihoʻi i ka hale kahiko, akā ua kaumaha loa ka ʻino. Pono wau e kūkulu i kahi hou. Ua kūkulu lākou iā ia me kahi hōʻaiʻē palupalu. ʻEkolu mau makahiki i hala ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hale, a ua uku nā Sholokhov iā ia no 10 mau makahiki. Akā ua maikaʻi ka hale - me kahi lumi nui, ʻaneʻane i kahi keʻena, kahi i hoʻokipa ʻia ai nā malihini, ke aʻo a ka mea kākau a me nā lumi ākea.
Hale kahiko. Ua kūkulu hou ʻia naʻe ia
Hale hou
6. ʻO kā Sholokhov makemake nui i ka ʻimi holoholona a me ka lawaiʻa ʻana. ʻOiai i loko o nā mahina pōloli o kāna kipa mua ma Moscow, ua hiki iā ia ke kiʻi mau i kahi lawaiʻa kūwaho: ʻo nā kī Pelekane liʻiliʻi paha i hiki ke kū i kahi iʻa he 15 kg, a i ʻole kekahi ʻano laina lawaiʻa koʻikoʻi. A laila, i ka lilo ʻana o ke kūlana kālā o ka mea kākau i mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, loaʻa iā ia nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa maikaʻi a me nā lako holoholona. He mau pū kāna (ma ka liʻiliʻi 4), a ʻo ka momi o kāna mea kaua he pū raifela Pelekane me kahi ʻike telesopika, no ka ʻimi wale ʻana i nā mākaʻi makaʻu ʻole.
7. I ka makahiki 1937, ua hopu ʻia ke kākau ʻōlelo mua o ke kōmike ʻaoʻao ʻāpana ʻo Vyoshensky, ʻo Pyotr Lugovoi, ka luna o ke kōmike hoʻokō ʻāpana, ʻo Tikhon Logachev, a me ka luna o ka hale inu ʻo Pyotr Krasikov, ka mea a Sholokhov i ʻike ai mai ka wā pre-Revolutionary. Ua kākau mua ʻo Mikhail Alexandrovich i nā leka, a laila hele pilikino i Moscow. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ke keʻena o ka People Commissar of Internal Affairs i hana ʻia ʻo Nikolai Yezhov.
8. ʻO kā Sholokhov papa hana mai kona wā kamaliʻi a hiki i ka 1961, i ka wā i loaʻa ai i ka mea kākau ka maʻi kīpē nui, ua pīhoihoi loa ia. Ua ala ʻo ia ma hope o 4 o ke kakahiaka a hana a hiki i ka ʻaina kakahiaka ma 7. A laila ua hoʻolilo ʻo ia i ka manawa i ka hana lehulehu - he hope ʻo ia, loaʻa nā malihini he nui, loaʻa a hoʻouna aku i kahi nui o nā leka. Hoʻomaka ke ahiahi me kekahi kau o ka hana, hiki ke hoʻomau a hiki i ka lohi. Ma lalo o ka mana nui ʻole o ka maʻi a me ka contusion pūʻali koa, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hana, a ua haʻalele mālie ʻo Mikhail Alexandrovich. Ma hope o kekahi maʻi nui i ka makahiki 1975, ua pāpā pololei ʻole nā kauka iā ia e hana, akā ua kākau ʻo Sholokhov ma kekahi mau ʻaoʻao. Ua hele ka ʻohana a Sholokhovs i ka wā hoʻomaha i nā wahi me ka lawaiʻa maikaʻi a i ʻole ka hopu holoholona - i Khoper, ma Kazakhstan. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei o ko lākou ola i hele aku ai nā Sholokhovs i kahi hoʻomaha ma kahi ʻē i nā manawa he nui. A ua like kēia mau huakaʻi me nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻokaʻawale kino iā Mikhail Alexandrovich mai kahi hana.
No Sholokhov ka hana i nā mea āpau
9. Ua hāʻawi ʻo Boris Pasternak i ka puke kākau o ka puke "Kauka Zhivago" no ka paʻi ʻana ma nā ʻāina ʻē - i ka USSR ʻaʻole lākou i makemake e paʻi i ka puke. Ua kupu mai kahi ʻōlelo hoʻohiwahiwa nunui, mai ia huaʻōlelo kaulana "ʻAʻole au i heluhelu iā Pasternak, akā hoʻopaʻi wau" i hānau ʻia (ua paʻi nā nūpepa i nā leka mai nā hui hana e hōʻino ana i ka hana a ka mea kākau). ʻO ka hoʻohewa, e like me nā manawa ma ka Soviet Union, ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa. Kūʻē i ka moʻoʻōlelo nui, ua like ka ʻōlelo a Sholokhov me he mea lā he dissonance. ʻOiai ma Palani, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Mikhail Alexandrovich i kahi nīnauele e pono e paʻi i ka puke a Pasternak i ka Soviet Union. Mahalo paha ka poʻe heluhelu i ka maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻole o ka hana, a poina lākou iā ia. Ua pīhoihoi nā kiʻi i ke alakaʻi o ka Union of Writers o ka USSR a me ke Kōmike waena o ka CPSU a koi aku iā Sholokhov e hōʻole i kāna mau ʻōlelo. Ua hōʻole ka mea kākau, a ua pakele ʻo ia me ia.
10. Puhi ʻo Sholokhov i kahi paipu mai kona wā ʻōpio, ʻo ka pīpaka ma mua o ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau, he mau moʻolelo pili kēia mau mea puhipaka paipu me lākou. ʻO lākou kekahi i loko o ka moʻomeheu o Mikhail Alexandrovich. I loko o ke kaua, ua hele ʻo ia i Saratov e kūkākūkā i ka hana ʻana o Virgin Soil Upturned i ka hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo Moscow Art. Ua mālama ʻia ka hui ma kahi ʻano mehana a me ka ʻoluʻolu, i ka hele ʻana i ke kahua mokulele, poina ka mea kākau i kāna paipu i ka hale hoʻokipa. Ua mālama ʻia ia a ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia i kāna mea nona, ʻoiai ka nui o nā hoʻāʻo e ʻaihue i ka hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo. A i ke kamaʻilio pū ʻana me nā hoa makaʻāinana ma ke ʻano he ʻelele i nā ʻahaʻōlelo a me kahi hope, ua hāʻawi pinepine ʻo Sholokhov e hoʻonohonoho i kahi uahi, kahi i hele ai kāna paipu ma loko o ka hale, akā hoʻi haʻahaʻa i ka mea nona.
ʻO Mikhail Sholokhov lāua ʻo Ilya Erenburg
11. Nui nā kope i haki (a ʻaʻole nō, ʻaʻole, ʻaʻole, ke haki nei lākou) a puni ka mea kākau o The Quiet Don a me nā hana a MA Sholokhov i ka nui. ʻO ka pilikia, e like me nā haʻawina ʻelua a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā palapala o The Quiet Don i ka makahiki 1999 i hōʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole ia he waiwai. Inā a hiki i ke kau waena o 1960s kahi ʻano like o ke kūkākūkā ʻepekema e pili ana i kā Sholokhov mea kākau, a laila ua maopopo leʻa ʻaʻole nā hoʻopiʻi o ka plagiarism i kahi kūʻē iā Sholokhov ponoʻī. He hoʻouka kaua ia ma ka Soviet Union a me kāna waiwai. ʻO nā ʻōlelo e hoʻopiʻi ana i ka mea kākau i ka plagiarism i ʻike ʻia e ka hapa nui o nā mea kūʻē, me ka nānā ʻole i kā lākou pili ʻoihana, a me nā mele, a me nā physics. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo A. Solzhenitsyn iā ia iho. I ka makahiki 1962, ua hoʻonani ʻo ia iā Sholokhov ma ke ʻano he "mea kākau o ka make ʻole" Quiet Don ", a he 12 mau makahiki ma hope ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo ia iā Mikhail Alexandrovich no ka plagiarism. ʻO ka pahu kupapaʻu, e like me nā manawa mau, wehe wale - Sholokhov i ka moʻolelo a Solzhenitsyn "I hoʻokahi lā i ke ola o ʻIvana Denisovich" i ko lākou hoʻāʻo ʻana e koho no ka makana Lenin. Ma ka lā Mei 17, 1975, ua heluhelu ʻo Mikhail Aleksandrovich i ka puke a Solzhenitsyn "Butting a Calf with a Oak", kahi i hoʻolei aku ai ka mea kākau i ka lepo ma kahi o nā mea kākau Soviet a pau. Ma Mei 19 ua loaʻa ʻo ia i ka maʻi cerebral stroke.
12. I ke Kaua Patriotic Nui, hele pinepine ʻo Sholokhov i mua, makemake i nā pūʻali koa lio - nui nā Cossacks. I loko o kekahi o nā huakaʻi, ua komo ʻo ia i kahi hoʻouka kaua lōʻihi a Pavel Belov's corps ma hope o ka ʻenemi. A i ka hōʻea ʻana o Mikhail Aleksandrovich i ka pūʻali koa o General Dovator, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ʻo ia e nā pūʻali koa holo lio mai ka poʻe koa hele wāwae (ua hāʻawi ʻia nā mea kākau a me nā mea nūpepa i nā papa koa o nā ʻano koa like ʻole) i ka pūʻali koa lio. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Sholokhov, no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻano hāʻawi, hōʻole ʻo ia. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, pono ke ʻano o ia mau hana i ke kauoha mai ke kauoha kiʻekiʻe, a pēlā aku. Lālau nā kāne hefty he ʻelua iā ia i nā lima, a ʻo ke kolu i hoʻololi i nā hōʻailona ma kāna mau koleka koa i nā pūʻali koa lio. Ua hele ʻo Sholokhov i nā ala i mua me Leonid Brezhnev. Ma kahi hālāwai i ka maka mua o ka makahiki 1960, ua aloha aku ʻo Mikhail Alexandrovich i ke kākau ʻōlelo kuʻuna ʻole i kēlā manawa, "Makemake au iā ʻoe e olakino, e ka hoa Konela!" Ua hoʻoponopono haʻaheo ʻo Leonid Ilyich: "Ua lilo au i lutanela." Ma mua o ke kūlana koa, ua emi ʻo Brezhnev ma lalo o 15 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i huhū ma Sholokhov a hāʻawi aku i ka mea kākau me ka pū raifela me ka ʻike teleskopika i kona lā hānau he 65.
13. I Ianuali 1942, ua ʻeha nui ʻo Mikhail Alexandrovich i ka hāʻule ʻana o kahi mokulele. ʻO ka mokulele āna i lele aku ai mai Kuibyshev a i Moscow ua hāʻule i ka pae ʻana. ʻO nā mea a pau e noho ana ma luna o ka moku, ʻo ka pailaka wale nō a me Sholokhov i ola. Ua loaʻa i ka mea kākau ka concussion nui, a ua ʻike ʻia nā hopena i kona ola a pau. Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Keikikāne Mikaʻela i ka pehu ʻana o ke poʻo o kona makuakāne.
14. I ka manawa o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui, ua pakele wale ʻo Sholokhov mai ka plenum o ka USSR Writers 'Union. Ua lohe ʻo ia i nā lono e pili ana i kahi wī hiki ma Vyoshenskaya - ʻaʻohe hua no ka hale, nā pono hana. Ke hele nei i ka home, me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka Titanic ua kīkē ʻo ia i nā ʻumi tausani pood o ka palaoa, nā mea kūkulu hale a me nā pono pono pū kekahi. Ma ka hapa ʻelua wale nō o ka makahiki 1947 ua kākau ʻo ia i ʻumikūmālua mau leka i ke komite ʻāpana o ka moku kokoke iā Vyoshenskaya. Nā kumu: hāʻawi kūpono ʻole ʻia ka mahiʻai hui i kahi manawa o ka hana hoʻoponopono no ka nele o nā lā hana. ʻeha ka mahiʻai hui i kahi maʻi maʻi duodenal, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi mea i hoʻouna ʻia i ka haukapila; ua kipaku ʻia ke koa laina ʻekolu i hōʻeha ʻia mai ka mahiʻai hui. I ka waenakonu o 1950s ua hele mai nā ʻāina puʻupaʻa iā ia, e hana ana i ka heihei mokokaikala ma o ka Soviet Union holoʻokoʻa ma ka 52nd parallel, ʻaʻole hiki iā Mikhail Alexandrovich ke hoʻokipa iā lākou i ka lā o ka hōʻea ʻana - ua kipa mai kahi ʻelele o ka poʻe Pelekikena Pelekane iā ia. I ka lā aʻe, ua kamaʻilio pū nā mea holo kaʻa me Sholokhov me nā ʻelele o ka plenum o nā kākau ʻōlelo o nā kōmike ʻāpana o ka CPSU, a ke kali nei lākou no ke kumu mai ka ʻāina Saratov. ʻAʻole hoihoi ka poʻe kipa a me nā mea kākau o nā leka iā Sholokhov. I ka makahiki 1967, ua helu ke kākau ʻōlelo o ka mea kākau mai Ianuali a Mei wale nō, aia nā leka iā M. Sholokhov i loko o nā noi no ke kōkua kālā i ka nui o 1.6 miliona rubles. Pili nā noi i nā mea liʻiliʻi a me nā mea koʻikoʻi - no kahi keʻena hui, no kahi kaʻa.
15. Manaʻo ʻia ua ʻōlelo ʻo Sholokhov ma ka 23rd Congress o ka CPSU me ka hōʻino ʻana iā A. Sinyavsky lāua ʻo Y. Daniel. Ma hope ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia kēia mau mea kākau i 7 a me 5 mau makahiki i ka hale paʻahao no ka hoʻonāukiuki anti-Soviet - ua hoʻohuli lākou i kā lākou, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole wela me ke aloha no ka mana Soviet, hana ma nā ʻāina ʻē no ka paʻi ʻana. Hōʻike ʻia ka mana o nā kālena o nā lawehala e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he hapalua kenekulia ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o kēlā me kēia lekiō i ka honua e pili ana iā lākou, ʻo ka poʻe wale nō i hohonu i ka moʻolelo o ka ʻaoʻao dissident e hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana iā lākou. Ua kamaʻilio ikaika loa ʻo Sholokhov, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka wā o ke Kaua Kivila ma ka Don ua hoʻokau ʻia lākou i ka paia no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hewa. Wahi a ka Lūkia Wikipedia ma hope o kēia kamaʻilio ʻana, ua ʻāhewa kahi ʻāpana o ka poʻe naʻauao i ka mea kākau, "ua hele a huhū". ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻokahi wale nō paukū o kā Sholokhov haʻiʻōlelo i hoʻolaʻa ʻia iā Sinyavsky lāua ʻo Daniel, kahi i hāpai ai ʻo ia i nā pilikia like ʻole, mai ka hanana a hiki i ka pale o Lake Baikal. A e pili ana i ka kūʻiʻo ... Ma ka 1966 like, lele ʻo Sholokhov i Iapana me kahi hoʻololi i Khabarovsk. Wahi a kahi mea kākau moʻolelo mai kahi nūpepa kūloko, ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia e pili ana i kēia mai ke komite ʻaoʻao o ke kūlanakauhale. Ua hui aku nā haneli o nā kamaʻāina Khabarovsk iā Mikhail Alexandrovich ma ke kahua mokulele. Ma nā hālāwai ʻelua me Sholokhov i loko o nā keʻena, ʻaʻohe wahi e hāʻule ai ka ʻāpala, a he nui nā palapala me nā nīnau. Ua pilipaa loa ka papa kuhikuhi a ka mea kākau i hiki ai i ka mea lawe nūpepa o ka nūpepa pūʻali koa apana, no ka loaʻa wale ʻana o kahi autograph mai ka mea kākau mai, pono ʻo ia e hoʻopunipuni i ka hōkele a Sholokhov i noho ai.
16. No nā makana Soviet i loaʻa no nā hana moʻokalaleo, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻo Mikhail Alexandrovich Sholokhov i kahi dime iā ia iho a i kona ʻohana paha. ʻO ka Makana Stalin (100,000 rubles i kēlā manawa me ka uku maʻamau o 339 rubles), i loaʻa i 1941, ua hoʻololi ʻo ia i ka Waihona Kūʻai. Ma ka lilo o ka Lenin Prize (1960, 100,000 rubles me ka uku maʻamau o 783 rubles), ua kūkulu ʻia kahi kula ma ke kauhale o Bazkovskaya. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka Nobel Prize 1965 ($ 54,000) i hoʻolilo ʻia e holoholo a puni ka honua, kahi hapa o Sholokhov i hāʻawi manawaleʻa ʻia no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi lāʻau a me kahi hale waihona puke ma Vyoshenskaya.
17. ʻO ka nūhou i hāʻawi ʻia iā Sholokhov ka makana Nobel i ka manawa e lawaiʻa ana ka mea kākau ma nā wahi mamao o ka Urals. Ua hele aku kekahi mau mea nūpepa kūloko ma laila, i Lake Zhaltyrkul, kokoke i ke alanui, e moeʻuhane nei i ka ninaninau mua ʻana mai ka mea kākau ma hope o ka makana. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻohoka ʻo Mikhail Aleksandrovich iā lākou - ua hoʻohiki ʻia ka nīnauele iā Pravda. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i makemake e haʻalele i ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma mua o ka papa kuhikuhi. I ka manawa i hoʻouna ʻia ai kahi mokulele kūikawā nona, pono ʻo Sholokhov e hoʻi i ka noho aupuni.
ʻO kā Sholokhov haʻi ʻōlelo ma hope o ka makana Nobel Prize
18. Ma lalo o ke kūlana ideologically palupalu o LI Brezhnev, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ko Sholokhov hoʻopuka ʻana ma mua o JV Stalin. Ua hoʻopiʻi ka mea kākau ponoʻī no "Quiet Don", "Virgin Land Upturned" a me ka ʻāpana mua o ka puke "Ua Kaua lākou no ka ʻāina makuahine" i paʻi koke ʻia me ka ʻole o ka nūhou politika. No ka paʻi hou ʻana o "No ko lākou ʻĀina Homeland" i hoʻoponopono ai. ʻAʻole i paʻi ʻia ka puke ʻelua o ka puke no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ka wehewehe maopopo ʻana o nā kumu. Wahi a kāna kaikamahine, i ka hopena ua puhi ʻo Sholokhov i ka palapala.
19. Ua paʻi ʻia nā hana a M. Sholokhov ma mua o 1400 manawa i loko o nā ʻāina he nui he nui o ka honua me ka huina o ka holo ʻana ma mua o 105 miliona mau kope. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Nguyen Din Thi, ka mea kākau Vietnamese, i ka makahiki 1950, ua hoʻi kekahi kāne i kona kauhale, ua pau kāna aʻo ʻana ma Palisa. Ua lawe pū ʻo ia i kahi kope o The Quiet Don ma ka ʻōlelo Palani.Ua hele ka puke mai ka lima a ka lima a hiki i kona hoʻomaka ʻana e pala. I kēlā mau makahiki, ʻaʻohe manawa o ka Vietnamese no ka paʻi ʻana - aia he kaua koko me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. A laila, i mea e mālama ai i ka puke, kākau hou ʻia e ka lima i nā manawa he nui. Aia i loko o kēia mana lima kākau na Nguyen Din Thi i heluhelu ai "Quiet Don".
Nā puke na M. Sholokhov i nā ʻōlelo ʻē
20. I ka hopena o kona ola ua loaʻa ʻo Sholokhov i ka maʻi nui a maʻi nui ʻo ia: kaomi, ka maʻi kō, a laila ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO kāna hana ākea hope loa kahi leka i ka Politburo o ke Kōmike Central CPSU. Ma kēia leka, ua hōʻike ʻo Sholokhov i kona manaʻo ʻaʻole, i kona manaʻo, ʻaʻole lawa ka nānā e uku ʻia i ka mōʻaukala a me ka moʻomeheu Lūkini. Ma o ke kīwī a me ka nūpepa, ua kākau ʻo Sholokhov, ke huki ikaika ʻia nei nā manaʻo anti-Lūkia. Ua hōʻino ka honua Ziona i ka moʻomeheu Lūkia me ka huhū. Ua hana ʻo Politburo i kahi komisina kūikawā e pane iā Sholokhov. ʻO ka hua o kāna hana, he palapala ia e hiki ke hana ʻia e nā Komsomol aparā haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka leka e pili ana i ke "kākoʻo lōkahi", "ka hiki i ka ʻuhane o ka Lūkia a me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe", "a me ko L. And Brezhnev kau ʻana i nā pilikia moʻomeheu," a pēlā nō i ka mana like. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka mea kākau i kāna kuhi hewa ideological a politika. Aia he 7 mau makahiki i koe ma mua o perestroika, 13 mau makahiki ma mua o ka hiolo ʻana o ka USSR a me ka CPSU.
