Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky (inoa maoli Alekseev; 1863-1938) - Lūkini hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Lūkia, mea hana keaka, kumu, kumu aʻo, mea hoʻoponopono a me ka luna hana keaka. ʻO ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka ʻōnaehana hana kaulana, i makemake nui ʻia a puni ka honua no hoʻokahi kenekulia. ʻO ka mea pena kiʻi mua o ka USSR (1936).
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻomanaʻo o Stanislavsky, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Konstantin Stanislavsky.
Kawaihae o Stanislavsky
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Konstantin Alekseev (Stanislavsky) ma Ianuali 5 (17), 1863 ma Moscow. Ua ulu ʻo ia i kahi ʻohana waiwai nui.
ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Sergei Alekseevich, kahi ʻoihana waiwai. Ua hana ʻo Mother, Elizaveta Vasilievna i ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki. He 9 mau kaikaina a me nā kaikuahine ʻo Konstantin.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
He hale ko nā mākua o Stanislavsky ma kahi o ka Red Gate. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻoiai ʻaʻohe o kāna ʻohana, a koe wale nō kekahi o nā kupunawahine, i pili me ka hale keaka.
ʻO ko Constantine makuahine makuahine, ʻo Marie Varley, i hana ma ke kahua Paris ma ke ʻano he mea hana keaka i ka wā i hala.
ʻO kekahi o nā kupuna kāne o Stanislavsky ka mea nona ka hale hana gimp, a ʻo kekahi he mea kālepa waiwai. Ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua pau ka ʻoihana ʻohana ma ka lima o Makua Konstantin.
Ua hoʻāʻo nā mākua e hāʻawi i kā lākou keiki i ka hānai maikaʻi ʻana a me ka naʻauao maikaʻi loa. Ua aʻo ʻia nā kamaliʻi i nā mele, nā hulahula, nā ʻōlelo haole, ka pā, a ua kanu lākou i ke aloha i nā puke.
He hale keaka home ko ka ʻohana Alekseev kahi i hana ai nā hoaaloha a me nā ʻohana pili. Ma hope, i ka waiwai o Lyubimovka, kūkulu ka ʻohana i kahi ʻēheu hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a ma hope ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Alekseevsky circle".
I ka wā he 4 mau makahiki o Konstantin Stanislavsky, ua pāʻani ʻo ia no ka manawa mua i kekahi o nā hana a ka ʻohana. A ʻoiai he keiki nāwaliwali loa ke keikikāne, ma ka paepae ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kahi hana maikaʻi loa.
Ua paipai nā mākua i kā lākou keiki kāne e komo i nā hana like, akā i ka wā e hiki mai ana ua ʻike wale lākou iā ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi o ka hale ulana hana makua kāne.
I ka loaʻa ʻana o kāna aʻo mua, ua lilo ʻo Konstantin i haumāna ma ka hale haʻuki ma ke keʻena o nā ʻ Orientallelo Hikina, kahi āna i hoʻopaʻa ai i loko o ka manawa o kāna puke moʻomeheu 1878-1881.
Ma hope o ka puka ʻana, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Stanislavsky e hana i ka ʻoihana ʻohana, a ua komo pū kekahi i ka "Alekseevsky Circle". ʻAʻole wale ʻo ia ma ke kahua keaka, akā hōʻike i nā hana keaka.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ua lawe ʻo Konstantin i nā haʻawina ea a me nā leo mai nā kumu maikaʻi loa.
ʻOiai ʻo kona aloha nui i ka hale keaka, ua nānā nui ʻo Stanislavsky i ka ʻoihana. Ma hope o kona lilo ʻana i alakaʻi hoʻokele, ua huakaʻi ʻo ia i nā ʻāina ʻē e loaʻa ka ʻike a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
Hale Hōʻikeʻike Art ʻo Moscow a me ke kuhikuhi
I ka makahiki 1888, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Stanislavsky, me Komissarzhevsky a me Sologub, i ka Moscow Society of Art and Literature, ka palapala hoʻohui āna i hoʻomohala kūʻokoʻa ai.
Ma loko o nā makahiki he 10 o ka hana a ke kaiāulu, ua hana ʻo Konstantin Sergeevich i nā ʻano kikoʻī a hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi, e komo ana i nā hana o "The Arrogant", "Dowry" a me "The Fruits of Enlightenment".
Ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ke kālena hana a Stanislavsky i nā mea nānā maʻamau a me nā loiloi keaka.
Mai 1891 Konstantin Stanislavsky, i ka hoʻohui o ka hana ma ke kahua, ua lawe i ke alakaʻi. I kēlā manawa i kāna moʻomeheu, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i nā hana he nui, e like me Othello, ʻo ka nui Ado e pili ana i ka mea ʻole, ka Iudaio Polani, ka ʻumikumamālua pō a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
I ka makahiki 1898 halawai ʻo Stanislavsky me Nemirovich-Danchenko. No 18 mau hola ua kūkākūkā nā haku hale keaka i ka hiki ke wehe i ka Hale Keaka ʻo Moscow Art.
ʻO ka mea hana mua o ka hui kaulana ʻo Art Art Theatre ʻo nā haumāna o nā haku a me nā mea hoʻolohe o ka Moscow Philharmonic.
ʻO ka hana mua, i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni hou, ʻo Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich. Eia naʻe, ʻo The Seagull, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka pāʻani a Anton Chekhov, i lilo i mea manaʻo maoli honua i nā hana keaka. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i ka wā ma hope aku e lilo ka silhouette o kahi seagull i hōʻailona o ka hale keaka.
Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻomau ʻo Stanislavsky a me kāna mau hoa hana e hana pū me Chekhov. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo nā hana e like me "ʻAnakala Vanya", "ʻEkolu mau Kaikuahine" a me "The Cherry Orchard" i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke kahua.
Ua hoʻolilo ʻo Konstantin Stanislavsky i ka manawa he nui i ke alakaʻi ʻana, ke aʻo ʻana i nā mea hana keaka, a me ka hoʻomohala pono ʻana o kāna ʻōnaehana ponoʻī. Wahi a ka ʻōnaehana a Stanislavsky, ua koi ʻia kekahi mea pena kiʻi e hoʻohana maʻa i ke kuleana, ʻaʻole hōʻike wale i ke ola a me nā manaʻo o kāna meʻe.
I ka makahiki 1912 ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ʻInikia, ua hoʻomaka ka luna e aʻo i nā haumāna i ka hana keaka. Iʻeono mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i kahi keʻena opera ma ka hale keaka ʻo Bolshoi.
I nā 1920 mua, ua hele aku ʻo Konstantin Sergeevich me nā mea pena kiʻi o ka hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo Moscow ma ʻAmelika. I ka manawa like, ua hana ʻo ia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kāna hana mua "My Life in Art", kahi āna i wehewehe ai i kāna ʻōnaehana ponoʻī.
Ma hope o ka ʻOkakopa Revolution o 1917, ua hana ʻia nā loli nui ma Lūkia. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻomau ʻo Stanislavsky i ka hauʻoli nui i waena o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ke alakaʻi hou o ka ʻāina.
He mea pīhoihoi i kipa pinepine aku ai ʻo Joseph Stalin iā ia iho i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Moscow, e noho ana ma ka pahu like me Stanislavsky.
Ke ola pilikino
ʻO ka wahine a Konstantin Stanislavsky ka wahine ʻo Maria Lilina. Noho pū lāua a hiki i ka make ʻana o ka luna nui.
Ua hānau ʻia he ʻekolu keiki i kēia male. Ua make ke kaikamahine Xenia i ka maʻi ponia i ka wā kamaliʻi. ʻO ke kaikamahine ʻelua, ʻo Kira Alekseeva, i ka wā e hiki mai ana i lilo i poʻo no ka hale hōʻikeʻike hale a kona makuakāne.
ʻO ke keiki ʻekolu, ʻo ke keikikāne ʻo Igor, ua male ʻia i ka moʻopuna a Leo Tolstoy. He mea pono nō ia e hoʻomaopopo he keiki kāne kūpono ʻole kā Stanislavsky mai ke kaikamahine mahiʻai ʻo Avdotya Kopylova.
ʻO ka makuakāne o ka haku ʻo Sergey Alekseev, ʻo ia hoʻi, kona kupuna kāne, i hana i ka hānai ʻana i ke keiki. ʻO ka hopena, ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa a me ka inoa o kona kupuna kāne, a lilo ʻo Vladimir Sergeevich Sergeev.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia i ka wā e hiki mai ana ʻo Vladimir Sergeev e lilo i mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana o ka wā kahiko, he polofesa ma ke Kulanui Mokuʻāina ʻo Moscow a me kahi Laureate Stalin Prize.
Make
I ka makahiki 1928, i ke ahiahi hoʻomanaʻo o ka Hale Keaka ʻo Moscow Art, ʻo Stanislavsky, ka mea e pāʻani ana ma ke kahua, ua puʻuwai ka puʻuwai. Ma hope o kēlā, ua pāpā mau nā kauka iā ia e hele i ke kahua.
Ma kēia mea, ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua hana ʻo Konstantin Stanislavsky i ke alakaʻi ʻana a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā hana.
I ka makahiki 1938, ua paʻi ka luna i kekahi puke ʻē aʻe, The Work of a Actor nona iho, i paʻi ʻia ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka mea kākau.
Ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki, ua hakakā ke kāne me ka maʻi a hana ʻoiai ka ʻeha. Ua make ʻo Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky ma ʻAukake 7, 1938 ma Moscow.
I kēia lā ua makemake nui ʻia ka ʻōnaehana ʻo Stanislavsky ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Nui nā mea hana keaka kaulana, e laʻa me nā hōkū ʻo Hollywood, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kāna hana mākau.
Nā kiʻi Stanislavsky
