Stephen Edwin King (hānau ʻia 1947) he mea kākau ʻAmelika e hana ana i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka weliweli, kahi mākaʻikaʻi, nā moʻolelo hoʻopapa, ka mysticism, a me nā moʻolelo epistolary; loaʻa i ka inoa kapakapa "Mōʻī o nā weliweli".
Ma kahi o 350 miliona mau kope o kāna mau puke i kūʻai lilo ʻia aku, kahi i paʻi ʻia ai nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, nā pāʻani kīwī a me nā pāʻanikala.
Nui nā mea hoihoi i ka moʻolelo pilikino o Stephen King, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, eia kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Stephen King.
ʻO kā biography moʻolelo ʻo Stephen King
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Stephen King ma ka lā 21 Kepakemapa 1947 ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻAmelika o Portland (Maine). Ua ulu ʻo ia i loko o ka ʻohana o Kāpena moku ʻo Merchant ʻo Donald Edward King a me kāna wahine ʻo Nellie Ruth Pillsbury.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
ʻO ka hānau ʻana o Stephen hiki ke kapa ʻia he hana mana maoli. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hōʻoia ʻana o nā kauka i kona makuahine ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hānau keiki.
No laila i ka male ʻana o Nelly iā Kāpena Donald King no ka manawa ʻelua, ua hoʻoholo lāua e hānai i kahi keiki. A ʻo kahi hopena, i ka makahiki 1945, 2 mau makahiki ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o ka mea kākau e hiki mai ana, he keiki hānai kā lāua, ʻo David Victor.
I ka makahiki 1947, ua ʻike ke kaikamahine e pili ana i kāna hāpai ʻana, a he mea pūʻiwa loa kēia nona iho a me kāna kāne.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole kōkua ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki maʻamau i ke kuhi ʻana i ka ʻohana. ʻAʻohe o ke poʻo o ka ʻohana ma ka home, ke kaʻahele nei i ka honua.
Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke Kaua Honua II (1939-1945), ua hoʻomaha ʻo Donald, e loaʻa ana kahi hana ma ke ʻano he kanaka kūʻai aku e kūʻai aku ana i nā mea holoi holoi.
Ua kaupaona ʻia ka nohona ʻohana ma ka makuakāne o King, a ma muli o ia hana, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hāʻawi manawa i kāna wahine a me kāna mau keiki. I hoʻokahi manawa, i ka wā he 2 mau makahiki o Stephen, ua haʻalele kahi kāne i ka hale no ka puhipaka a ma hope o kēlā ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike iā ia.
Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o Donald i ka ʻohana, ua haʻi ka makuahine i kāna mau keikikāne ua kāʻili ʻia ka makuakāne e ka poʻe Martians. Eia naʻe, ua maopopo i ka wahine ua haʻalele kāna kāne iā ia a ua hele i kekahi wahine ʻē aʻe.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo Stephen King a me kona kaikaina i aʻo e pili ana i ka moʻolelo pilikino o ko lākou makuakāne ma nā makahiki 90 wale nō. E like me ka mea i hala ma hope, ua male hou ʻo ia i wahine wahine Brazil, e hānai ana i nā keiki 4.
I ka waiho wale ʻana o Nelly, pono ʻo ia e lawe i kekahi hana e kākoʻo iā Stephen a me David. Ua kūʻai aku ʻo ia i nā huahana bakery a ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Me nā keiki, neʻe ka wahine i kahi a i ʻole mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe, e hoʻāʻo nei e loaʻa kahi hana kūpono. ʻO ka hopena, ua noho ka ʻohana Kings ma Maine.
Ua loli maikaʻi ka hale pinepine i ka olakino o Stephen King. Ua ʻeha ʻo ia i ka maʻi ʻula a me kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi o pharyngitis, ka mea i loaʻa i kahi maʻi pepeiao.
I loko nō o kona mau makahiki mua, ua kuʻi ʻia ʻo Stephen i kāna eardrum ʻekolu mau manawa, a laila ʻehaʻeha loa ia. No kēia kumu, ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka papa 1 no 2 mau makahiki.
I kēīa manawa manawa pilikino ʻO Stephen King makemake ia i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni weliweli. Eia hou, makemake ʻo ia i nā puke e pili ana i nā superheroes, me "Hulk", "Spiderman", "Superman", a me nā hana a Ray Bradbury.
Ua ʻae ka mea kākau ma hope ua hauʻoli ʻo ia i kona makaʻu a me "ka manaʻo o ka lilo ʻana o ka mana i kāna mau ʻike."
Hana Hou
No ka manawa mua, ua hoʻomaka ʻo King e kākau i ka makahiki 7. I ka mua, haʻi hou aku ʻo ia i nā mea hoʻomākeʻaka āna i ʻike ai ma ka pepa.
I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua paipai kona makuahine iā ia e kākau i kāna mea ponoʻī. ʻO ka hopena, ua haku ke keikikāne i mau moʻolelo pōkole ʻehā e pili ana i ka lāpaki. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Māmā i kāna keiki no kāna hana a ua uku aku iā ia i $ 1 i ka makana.
I ka piha ʻana iā Stephen he 18 mau makahiki, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia a me kona kaikaina e paʻi i kahi puke hoʻomaopopo - "Dave's Leaf".
Ua hana hou nā kāne i ka ʻelele ma o ka mimeograph - kahi mīkini paʻi paku, ke kūʻai aku nei i kēlā me kēia kope no 5 keneta. Ua kākau ʻo Stephen King i kāna mau moʻolelo pōkole a nānā i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, a ua uhi kona kaikaina i nā nūhou kūloko.
Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ke kula, ua hele ʻo Stephen i ke koleke. ʻIke ia i loko o kēlā wā o kāna moʻolelo pilikino, makemake ʻo ia e hele manawaleʻa i Vietnam e ʻohiʻohi i nā mea no nā hana e hiki mai ana.
Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka hoʻohuli nui ʻana mai kona makuahine, ua haʻalele ke kāne i kēia manaʻo.
I ka hui like ʻana me kāna mau aʻo ʻana, ua hana ʻo King i hapa manawa ma ka hale ulana ulana a pīhoihoi loa ʻo ia i ka nui o nā ʻiole e noho ana i loko o ka hale. Pono ʻo ia e kipaku pinepine aku i nā rodents mai kahi ukana.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻokumu kēia mau manaʻo āpau i ke kumu o kāna moʻolelo ʻo "Night shift".
I ka makahiki 1966 ua holomua ʻo Stephen i kāna hōʻike ma ke Kulanui o Maine, e koho ana i ka ʻOihana Haʻawina Pelekane. I ka manawa like, ua aʻo ʻo ia ma ke koleke hoʻomaʻamaʻa kumu.
Ua hoʻouna ka makuwahine i kēlā me kēia keikikāne $ 20 i kēlā me kēia mahina no nā lilo o ka ʻeke, a ʻo ka hopena ua waiho pinepine ʻia ʻo ia me ka ʻai ʻole.
Ma hope o ke puka ʻana mai ke Kulanui, ua hoʻomau ʻo King i ke kākau ʻana, ka mea i lawe mua ʻole i kāna loaʻa kālā. I kēlā manawa ua male ʻo ia.
Ua hana hapa manawa ʻo Stephen i kahi lole holoi lole a loaʻa iā ia nā uku aliʻi mai ka paʻi ʻana i kāna mau moʻolelo i loko o nā makasina. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻohana ke loaʻa nei nā pilikia koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, ua hoʻomau ʻo King e kākau.
I ka makahiki 1971, ua hoʻomaka kahi kāne e aʻo i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania ma ke kula kaona. I kēlā manawa i kāna moʻolelo pilikino, ua huhū loa ʻo ia no ka hoʻomau ʻole o kāna hana.
I ka manawa i loaʻa i kāna wahine i loko o ka urn kahi palapala kākau i hoʻopau ʻole ʻia o ka puke "Carrie" i kiola ʻia e Stephen. Ua heluhelu akahele ke kaikamahine i ka hana, a laila ua hoʻohuli ʻo ia i kāna kāne e hoʻopau.
Ma hope o 3 mau makahiki, ʻae ʻo Doubleday e hoʻouna i kēia puke e paʻi, e uku ana iā King i $ 2,500. I ka pūʻiwa o nā mea āpau, ua loaʻa ka mahalo nui ʻia ʻo "Carrie", a ʻo kahi hopena a "Doubleday" i kūʻai aku ai i nā kuleana kope i ka hale paʻi puke nui "NAL", no $ 400,000!
Wahi a nā ʻōlelo o ka ʻaelike, ua loaʻa iā Stephen King ka hapalua o kēia nui, mahalo iā ia i hiki ai iā ia ke haʻalele i kāna hana ma ke kula a hoʻomaka i ke kākau ʻana me ka ikaika hou.
Ma hope koke iho mai ka peni o ka mea kākau i puka mai ai ka puke ʻelua holomua ʻo "Shining".
I ka hala ʻana o 70 mau makahiki, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Stephen e paʻi ma lalo o ka inoa inoa ʻo Richard Bachmann. Manaʻo kekahi mau mea kākau moʻolelo o ka Mōʻī ma kēia ala ua makemake ʻo ia e ʻike i kāna tālena a e hōʻoia ʻaʻole i makemake nui ʻole ʻia kāna mau puke moʻolelo mua.
Ua paʻi ʻia ka puke moʻolelo "Fury" ma lalo o kēia inoa inoa inoa. E wehe koke ka mea kākau iā ia mai ke kūʻai aku ke ʻike ʻia ua heluhelu ʻia ka puke e kahi mea pepehi kanaka ʻōpio i kī ʻole ʻia i kī i nā hoapapa ma Kansas.
A ʻoiai ua paʻi ʻia kekahi mau hana hou ma lalo o ka inoa o Bachman, ua hoʻopuka mua ʻo King i nā puke ma hope o kona inoa maoli.
I nā makahiki 80 a me 90, ua paʻi ʻia kekahi o nā hana maikaʻi a Stephen. ʻO ka puke The Shooter, ʻo ia ka puke mua i ka moʻo Dark Tower, i loaʻa i kahi kaulana nui.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia i ka makahiki 1982 ua kākau ʻo King i ka puke 300 ʻaoʻao i ka The Running Man i loko o 10 mau lā wale nō.
Ma ke kau waena o 90, ua ʻike ʻia ka puke The Green Mile ma nā puke. Ua ʻae ka mea kākau e manaʻo ʻo ia i kēia hana kekahi o nā ʻoi loa o kāna moʻomeheu hana.
I ka makahiki 1997, ua pūlima ʻo Stephen King i kahi ʻaelike me Simon & Schuster, nāna i uku iā ia i kahi holomua maikaʻi o $ 8 miliona no The Bag of Bones, a hoʻohiki e hāʻawi i ka mea kākau i ka hapalua o nā waiwai āna i kūʻai aku ai.
Ma muli o nā hana a ka "Mōʻī Weli", nui nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi i paʻi kiʻi ʻia. I ka makahiki 1998, ua kākau ʻo ia i ka palapala no ka papahana kīwī kaulana ʻo The X-Files, i ʻike ʻia a puni ka honua.
I ka makahiki 1999, ua kuʻi ʻia ʻo Stephen King e kahi minibus. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he nui nā haki ma kona ʻūhā ʻākau, me ka hōʻeha ʻia o ke poʻo a me ka māmā. Ua mālama kupaianaha nā kauka i kona wāwae mai ka ʻoki ʻana.
No kekahi manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kāne i kahi noho no 40 mau minuke, a ma hope iho ua ulu ʻo ia i ka ʻeha hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui ʻia ma kahi o ka uha haʻihaʻi.
E hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mahele pilikino i ke kumu o ka ʻehiku o ka pōʻaiapuni "The Dark Tower".
I ka makahiki 2002, ua hoʻolaha aku ʻo King i kona hoʻomaha loa ʻana mai kāna ʻoihana kākau no ka ʻehaʻeha loa i pale ʻia iā ia mai ka nānā ʻana i ka hana.
Ma hope naʻe, ua lawe hou ʻo Stephen i ka peni. I ka 2004, ua paʻi ʻia ka ʻāpana hope loa o ka moʻo Dark Tower, a i loko o ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope mai ua paʻi ʻia ka puke The Story of Lizzie.
I ka manawa 2008-2017. Ua hoʻopuka ʻo King i nā puke hou, e like me Duma Key, 11/22/63, Kauka Kauka, Mister Mercedes, Gwendy a me Her Casket a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia hou, ua hoʻolaha ʻia kahi hōʻuluʻulu o nā moʻolelo "Ka pouli - a ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe" a me nā hōʻiliʻili o nā moʻolelo "After Sunset" a me "The Shop of Bad Words".
Ke ola pilikino
Ua hui ʻo Stephen me kāna wahine, ʻo Tabitha Spruce, i kona mau makahiki haumāna. I loko o kēia male, he kaikamahine kā lāua, ʻo Naomi, a me nā keiki kāne ʻelua, ʻo Joseph lāua ʻo Owen.
No King, ʻo Tabitha ʻaʻole wahine wale, akā he hoa aloha a kōkua kōkua pū kekahi. Ua hele ʻo ia i loko o ka ʻilihune me ia, e kākoʻo mau ana i kāna kāne a kōkua iā ia e kū i ke kaumaha.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hiki i ka wahine ke ola i ka manawa a Stephen i ʻeha ai i ka waiʻona a me ka lāʻau ʻāpiki. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka puke "Tomminokery", ua ʻae ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomanaʻo i kāna kākau ʻana iā ia, no ka mea i kēlā manawa "palupalu" ʻo ia i nā lāʻau.
Ma hope, ua hana ʻo King i kahi papa hana i kōkua iā ia e hoʻi i kona ola ma mua.
Me kāna wahine, nona ʻekolu mau hale ʻo Stephen. E like me kēia lā, ʻehā mau moʻopuna a ka wahine.
ʻO Stephen King i kēia manawa
Ke hoʻomau nei ka mea kākau i ka kākau ʻana i nā puke e like me ka wā ma mua. I ka 2018 ua paʻi ʻo ia i 2 puke - "malihini" a me "Ma ke ala aʻe". I ka makahiki aʻe ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka hana "The Institute".
Hoʻowahāwahā ikaika ka Mōʻī iā Donald Trump. Waiho ʻo ia i nā manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole e pili ana i ka piliona pilikino ma nā pūnaewele like ʻole.
I ka makahiki 2019, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Stephen, a me Robert De Niro, ʻo Laurence Fishburne a me nā mea pena kiʻi ʻē aʻe i kahi video e hoʻopiʻi ana i nā luna Lūkini no ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i ke aupuni a ka lehulehu a ka poʻe ʻAmelika.
Nā kiʻi na Stephen King
