Hermann Wilhelm Goering (1893-1946) - kālaiʻāina, luna aupuni a me ka alakaʻi koa o Nazi Kelemania, ke Kuhina ʻo Reichsmarshal o ka Greater German Reich, ʻo Obergruppenführer SA, ʻo SS Obergruppenführer hanohano, General o ka Infantry a me ka General o ka mākaʻi ʻāina.
He kūlana nui ʻo ia i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka Luftwaffe - ka Kelemania Air Force, āna i alakaʻi ai mai 1939-1945.
ʻO Goering kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi i ka Third Reich. I loko o kahi palapala hoʻoholo o Iune o 1941, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano "ka hope o ka Fuehrer."
I ka pau ʻana o ke kaua, ke hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia o ka Reichstag, a ua hoʻomaka ke kaua no ka mana ma ka ʻelite Nazi, ma ʻApelila 23, 1945, ma ke kauoha a Hitler, ua kāʻili ʻia ʻo Goering i nā kūlana a me nā pou.
Ma ka hoʻoholo a ka Nuremberg Tribunal, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā lawehala kaua nui. Ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia i ka make ma ke kau ʻana, akā naʻe, i ka pō o kona hoʻokō ʻia ʻana, ua hiki iā ia ke pepehi iā ia iho.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o kā Biogere moʻomeheu, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou he moʻolelo pōkole o Hermann Goering.
Ko kā Biografia Goering moʻomeheu
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Hermann Goering ma ka lā 12 o Ianuali 1893 ma ke kūlanakauhale Bavarian o Rosenheim. Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana o ke Kiaʻāina Nui-ʻo Ernst Heinrich Goering, ka mea e launa aloha ana me Otto von Bismarck iho.
ʻO Hermann ka hā o nā keiki 5, mai ka wahine lua a Heinrich, kahi wahine mahiʻai ʻo Franziska Tiefenbrunn.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
Ua noho ka ʻohana Goering i ka hale o kahi kauka Iudaio waiwai a mea kālepa, ʻo Hermann von Epenstein, ka mea aloha a Franziska.
Ma muli o ka hiki ʻana o ka makuakāne o Hermann Goering i kahi kiʻekiʻe loa i ka pūʻali koa, ua hoihoi pū ke keiki i nā ʻoihana koa.
I kona mau makahiki he 11 paha, ua hoʻouna kona mau mākua i kā lāua keiki kāne i kahi kula hānai, kahi e koi ʻia ai ke aʻo koʻikoʻi mai nā haumāna.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hoʻoholo ke kāne ʻōpio e pakele mai ke keʻena aʻo. Ma ka home, hoʻohālikelike ʻo ia i kona maʻi a hiki i ka manawa a kona makuakāne i ʻae ai iā ia ʻaʻole e hoʻi i ke kula hānai. I kēlā manawa, nā moʻoʻōlelo, makemake ʻo Goering i nā pāʻani kaua, a ʻimi pū kekahi i nā kaʻao o nā naita Teutonic.
Ma hope mai, ua aʻo ʻia ʻo Hermann ma nā kula cadet ma Karlsruhe a me Berlin, kahi i puka ai ʻo ia me nā hanohano mai ke kula ʻoihana koa Lichterfelde. I ka makahiki 1912, ua hāʻawi ʻia ke kāne i kahi regiment infantry, a ua kū ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ka lieutenant i mau makahiki ʻelua ma hope.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Honua Mua (1914-1918) ua kaua ʻo Goering ma ke komohana komohana. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua noi ʻo ia no kahi hoʻololi i ka German Air Force, ma muli o kahi hopena ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i ka 25th Aviation Detachment.
I ka mua, ua lele ʻo Herman i nā mokulele ma ke ʻano he pailaka mākaʻikaʻi, akā ma hope o kekahi mau mahina ua kau ʻia ʻo ia i kahi mea kaua. Ua hōʻoia ʻo ia iā ia iho he pailaka mākaukau nui a koa hoʻi nāna i kī aku i nā mokulele ʻenemi he nui. I ka wā o kāna lawelawe ʻana, ua luku ka ace Kelemania i 22 mau mokulele ʻenemi, no ia mea ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i ka Iron Cross o ka papa 1 a me 2.
Ua hoʻopau ʻo Goering i ke kaua me ke kūlana o ke kāpena. Ma ke ʻano he pailaka papa mua, ua kono pinepine ʻia ʻo ia e komo i nā flight demonstration i nā ʻāina Scandinavian. I ka 1922, ua komo ke kāne i ke Kulanui o Munich ma ke keʻena o ka ʻepekema politika.
ʻOihana politika
I ka hopena o 1922, ua hana ʻia kahi hanana nui i ka moʻolelo pilikino o Hermann Goering. Ua launa ʻo ia me Adolf Hitler, a ma hope ua hui pū ʻo ia me ka pāʻina Nazi.
I kekahi mau mahina ma hope mai, ua koho ʻo Hitler i ka pailaka ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi nui o ka Storm Troops (SA). ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua komo ʻo Herman i ka pia Putsch kaulana, a ua ʻimi nā mea komo e kipi.
A ʻo kahi hopena, ua kāohi ikaika ʻia ka putch, a ua hopu ʻia nā Nazis he nui, e like me Hitler. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻoiai i ka wā o ke kāohi ʻana i ka haunaele, ua loaʻa iā Goering ʻelua mau pū kī i kona wāwae ʻākau. ʻO kekahi o nā pōkā i kuʻi i koʻu ʻūlū a maʻi.
Ua kauō ʻo nā hoa iā Herman i kekahi o nā hale, nona ka Iudaio Robert Ballin. Ua kāʻei ʻo ia i nā ʻeha o kahi Nazi kahe e kahe ana a hāʻawi pū iā ia me kahi puʻuhonua. Ma hope, e hele ana ʻo Goering, ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona mahalo, e hoʻokuʻu iā Robert a me kāna wahine mai kahi hoʻomoana.
I kēlā manawa, koi ʻia ka moʻolelo pilikanaka o ke kāne e peʻe mai ka hopu ʻia i waho. Ua hoʻomāʻehaʻeha ʻia ʻo ia e ka ʻeha nui, a ʻo kahi hopena i hoʻomaka ai ʻo ia e hoʻohana i ka morphine, a ʻo ia ka mea i hopena maikaʻi ʻole i kāna psyche.
Ua hoʻi ʻo Hermann Goering i ka home ma hope o ka hoʻolaha o ka amnesty ma 1927, e hoʻomau ana i ka hana ma ka ʻoihana mokulele. I kēlā manawa, he kākoʻolua ko ka pāʻina Nazi kākoʻo, e lawe wale ana i 12 mai nā noho he 491 i ka Reichstag. Ua koho ʻia ʻo Goering e kū ma luna o Bavaria.
Ke kūʻē nei i ka hope o ka pilikia hoʻokele waiwai, ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ka poʻe Kelemania i ka hana a ke aupuni e kū nei. Ma muli o kēia, i ka 1932 nui ka poʻe i koho balota no ka Nazis i nā koho balota, ʻo ia ke kumu i loaʻa ai iā lākou he 230 mau noho i ka hale kōlepa.
I ke kauwela o ia makahiki nō, ua koho ʻia ʻo Hermann Goering i luna hoʻomalu no ka Reichstag. Ua paʻa ʻo ia i kēia kūlana a hiki i ka 1945. Ma Pepeluali 27, 1933, ua hana ʻia ke ahi kuni kolohe o ka Reichstag, i ʻōlelo ʻia i puhi ʻia e nā komunista. Ua kauoha ka Nazi i ka hana koke ʻana i ka poʻe Komunista, e kāhea ana i kā lākou hopu ʻia a i ʻole make ʻia ma ia wahi.
I ka 1933, i ka manawa i lilo ai ʻo Hitler ma ke ʻano he Chancellor Kelemania, ua lilo ʻo Goering i Kuhina no Kalaiaina o Prussia a me Komikina Reich no ka mokulele. I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ka mākaʻi huna - ka Gestapo, a ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia hoʻi mai ke kāpena a i ka lehulehu o nā koa hele wāwae.
I ka waenakonu o 1934, ua kēnā kahi kāne i ka hoʻopau ʻia o nā koa 85 SA i komo pū i ka hoʻāʻo kipi. ʻO nā kī kī kī ʻole ʻana i hana ʻia ma ka wā i kapa ʻia ʻo "Night of the Long Knives", mai 30 Iune a Iulai 2.
I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Kelemania fascist, me ka Kuikahi Versailles, i ka militarization ikaika. Eia kekahi, ua pili malū ʻo Herman i ke ola hou ʻana o ka mokulele Kelemania - ʻo ka Luftwaffe. I ka makahiki 1939, ua hoʻolaha ākea ʻo Hitler e kūkulu ʻia ana nā mokulele pūʻali koa a me nā pono hana ʻē aʻe i kona ʻāina.
Ua koho ʻia ʻo Goering i Kuhina no nā Mokulele o ke kolu o ke Aupuni. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hopohopo nui o ka mokuʻāina ʻo "Hermann Goering Werke," nona ka waiwai he nui nā hale hana a me nā hale hana i kāʻili ʻia mai nā Iudaio.
Ma 1938, ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo Herman i Field Marshal of Aviation. I ka makahiki like, ua hana nui ʻo ia i ka hoʻohui ʻāina (Anschluss) o ʻAukekulia iā Kelemania. I kēlā me kēia mahina i hala, ua loaʻa ʻo Hitler, me kāna mau henchmen, i ka nui a me ka nui o ka mana ma ka pae honua.
Ua hoʻohuli makapō nā ʻāina he nui i ka mea maoli i hana hewa ʻole ʻo Kelemania i nā ʻikena o ke Kuʻikahi o Versailles. E like me ka manawa e hōʻike ai, e alakaʻi koke kēia i nā hopena a me ka maoli i ke Kaua Honua ʻElua (1939-1945).
Ke Kaua Honua ʻElua
Ua hoʻomaka ke kaua koko loa i ka mōʻaukala kanaka ma Kepakemapa 1, 1939, i ka wā i hoʻouka kaua aku ai ka poʻe Nazis iā Polani. I kēlā lā hoʻokahi, ua koho ka Fuehrer iā Goering i hope nona.
I kekahi mau pule ma hope mai, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Hermann Goering i ka Papa Knightly o ka Iron Cross. Ua loaʻa iā ia kēia makana hanohano ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka hoʻolaha Polani i alakaʻi ʻia me ka maikaʻi, kahi a Luftwaffe i hana nui ai. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻoiai ʻaʻohe mea i Kelemania i loaʻa ka makana.
ʻOi loa nona, ua hoʻolauna ʻia kahi kūlana hou o Reichsmarshal, mahalo iā ia i lilo i koa koa kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka ʻāina a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ke kaua.
Ua hōʻike ka mokulele Kelemania i ka mana kupaianaha ma mua o ka hana ma Great Britain, ka mea i kūpaʻa wiwo ʻole i ka pōkā pahū ʻoi loa o ka Nazi. A hala koke ka luna mua o Kelemania ma luna o ka Soviet Air Force nalowale loa.
I kēlā manawa, ua kau inoa ʻo Goering i kahi palapala "hoʻoholo hope loa", e like me ka mea i hoʻopau ʻia ma kahi o 20 miliona mau Iudaio. He pīhoihoi ia i ka makahiki 1942 ke poʻo o ka Luftwaffe i launa pū me ka mea kālaiʻike pilikino o Hitler, ʻo Albert Speer, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i kāpae i ka lilo ʻana o nā Kelemania i ke kaua.
Eia kekahi, ua ʻae ke kāne he mea kūleʻa nui ia no Kelemania e mālama wale i kona mau palena, me ka ʻole o ka lanakila.
I ka makahiki 1943, ua hoʻoluliluli ʻia ka inoa o ka Reichsmarschall. Ke lilo nui nei ka Luftwaffe i ke eo ʻana i nā kaua lewa me ka ʻenemi, a ua ʻeha nā limahana limahana. A ʻoiai ʻaʻole i lawe ka Fuehrer iā Hermann mai kāna kūlana, ua emi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona ʻae ʻia i ka ʻaha kūkā.
I ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ka lilo ʻana o ka hilinaʻi iā Goering iā Hitler, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻomaha pinepine i kāna mau hale noho hanohano. He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo he loea ʻo ia no ka hana noʻeau, ma muli o ia hopena ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo ia i kahi hōʻiliʻili nui o nā kiʻi pena, nā mea kahiko, nā mea hoʻonani a me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe.
I kēia manawa, ua kokoke a kokoke ʻo Kelemania i kona hāneʻe. Ua luku ʻia ka pūʻali koa Kelemania ma aneane o mua. Ma ʻApelila 23, 1945, ua hele ʻo Goering, ma hope o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāna mau hoa koa, huli ʻo ia i ka Fuehrer ma ka lekiō, e noi ana iā ia e lawe i ka mana i loko o kāna mau lima ponoʻī, ʻoiai ua haʻalele ʻo Hitler iā ia iho.
Ma hope koke iho o ia manawa, ua lohe ʻo Hermann Goering i ka hōʻole ʻana o Hitler e hoʻokō i kāna noi. Eia kekahi, ua kāʻili ka Fuhrer iā ia i nā poʻo inoa a me nā makana, a kauoha pū ʻia e hopu ʻia ʻo Reichsmarshal.
Ua hoʻolaha ʻo Martin Bormann ma ka lekiō ua kāpae ʻia ʻo Goering no nā kumu olakino. Ma kāna makemake, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Adolf Hitler i ka kipaku ʻia ʻana o Hermann mai ka pāʻina a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kauoha e koho iā ia i pani nona.
Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka Nazi mai ka hale paʻahao 4 mau lā ma mua o ka hopu ʻia ʻana o Berlin e ka pūʻali koa Soviet. Ma ka lā 6 o Mei, 1945, ua hāʻawi pio ʻo Reichsmarschall mua i ko ʻAmelika.
Ke ola pilikino
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 1922 hui ʻo Goering me Karin von Kantsov, ka mea i ʻae e haʻalele i kāna kāne nāna. I kēlā manawa, ua hānau kāna keiki kāne ʻōpio.
I ka mua, ua noho lāua ma Bavaria, a ma hope ua noho lāua ma Munich. I ka wā i lilo ai ʻo Herman i ka make i ka morphine, pono ʻo ia e hoʻonoho ʻia i ka haukapila noʻonoʻo. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia i hōʻike i ka huhū ikaika a nā kauka i kauoha ai e mālama i ka mea maʻi i kahi kaʻi paʻa.
Noho pū ʻo Karin Goering ma kahi o 9 mau makahiki, a hiki i ka make ʻana o kāna wahine i ka hāʻule ʻana o 1931. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hui ka pailaka i ka mea hana keaka ʻo Emmy Sonnenmann, ka mea i male iā ia ma 1935. Ma hope, he kaikamahine kā lāua wahine ʻo Edda ka inoa.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi loa ka hele ʻia o kā lāua male e Adolf Hitler, kahi mea hōʻike mai ka ʻaoʻao o ke kāne mare.
Nā hoʻokolokolo a me ka make ʻana o Nuremberg
ʻO Goering ka lua o nā luna nui o ka Nazi i hoʻāʻo ʻia ma Nuremberg. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ia me nā hewa he nui e kūʻē i ke kanaka.
I ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, hōʻole ʻo Herman i nā hoʻopiʻi a pau iā ia, me ke akamai i ka pale aku i nā hōʻeha i kāna ʻaoʻao. Eia naʻe, i ka manawa i hōʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻike i ke ʻano o nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o nā ʻano ʻino like ʻole o ka Nazi, hoʻopaʻi nā luna kānāwai i ka Kelemania e make ma ke kau ʻana.
Ua koi ʻo Goering e kī ʻia, ʻoiai make ka make ma ke ʻolokeʻa i manaʻo ʻia he hilahila no kahi koa. Eia naʻe, hōʻole ka ʻaha i kāna noi.
Ma ka pō o ka hoʻokō ʻia, mālama ʻia ka fascist i kahi paʻa mehameha. Ma ka pō o ʻOkakopa 15, 1946, ua pepehi kanaka ʻo Hermann Goering ma o ka nahu ʻana ma o ka capsule cyanide. ʻAʻole nō i ʻike kāna mau mea kākau moʻolelo pehea ia i loaʻa ai ka lāʻau capsule. ʻO ke kino o kekahi o nā lawehala nui loa i ka mōʻaukala kanaka i hoʻopau ʻia, a ma hope iho ua hoʻopuehu ʻia ka lehu ma kapa o ka muliwai Isar.
Nā Kiʻi Goering
