ʻO Vasily Osipovich Klyuchevsky (1998) he kālaiʻike maʻamau o ka Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Science e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala Lūkia a me nā mea kahiko, ka luna o ka Imperial Society o ka mōʻaukala Lūkia a me nā mea kahiko ma ke Kulanui ʻo Moscow, kahi ʻaha kūkā pilikino.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Klyuchevsky, a mākou e kūkākūkā ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Vasily Klyuchevsky.
Kawaihae o Klyuchevsky
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Vasily Klyuchevsky ma ka lā 16 o Ianuali (28), 1841 ma ke kauhale o Voskresenovka (panalāʻau ʻo Penza). Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana o kahi kahuna ʻilihuna ʻo Osip Vasilyevich. He 2 mau kaikuahine ka mea kākau moʻolelo.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
I ka manawa o Vasily ma kahi o 9 mau makahiki, ua make kona makuakāne i kahi make weliweli. I ka hoʻi ʻana i ka home, ua hina ke poʻo o ka ʻohana ma lalo o ka hekili nui. Ua makaʻu nā lio i ka hekili a ua hoʻokahuli ka uila i ke kaʻa, a ma hope iho ua pau ka noʻonoʻo a ua kāne nei a make i nā kahawai.
He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia, ʻo Vasily ka mea mua i ʻike i ka makuakāne i make. Uaʻike ke keikikāne i kahi haʻalulu nui a ua ʻeha ʻo ia i ka stutter no nā makahiki he nui.
Ma hope o ka nalo ʻana o ka mea ʻai, ua noho ka ʻohana Klyuchevsky ma Penza, ma ka mālama o ka diocese kūloko. ʻO kekahi o nā kamaʻāina o ka mea i make ʻo Osip Vasilyevich i hāʻawi iā lākou i hale liʻiliʻi kahi i noho ai nā keiki makua ʻole a me kahi wahine kāne make.
Ua loaʻa ʻo Vasily i kāna aʻo mua ma ke kula haipule, akā ma muli o ke ʻano stutter ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke haku piha i ka papa hana. Ua makemake lākou e kāpae i ke kanaka ʻōpio mai ona aku no kona hemahema, akā ua hiki i kona makuahine ke hoʻoponopono i nā mea āpau.
Ua hoʻohuli ka wahine i kekahi o nā haumāna e hoʻopaʻa naʻau me kāna keiki. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻokele ʻo Vasily Klyuchevsky ʻaʻole wale e kāpae i ka maʻi, akā e lilo i mea kamaʻilio maikaʻi loa. Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ke koleke, ua komo' o ia i ke seminary theological.
E lilo ʻo Klyuchevsky i kahuna pule, no ka mea, ua kākoʻo ʻia ʻo ia e ka diocese. Akā no kona makemake ʻole e hoʻopili i kona ola me ka lawelawe ʻuhane, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hoʻohana i kahi hana maʻalea.
Ua haʻalele ʻo Vasily, e ʻōlelo ana i "ke olakino maikaʻi ʻole." ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, makemake wale ʻo ia e loaʻa kahi aʻo mōʻaukala. I ka 1861, ua holomua ke kanaka ʻōpio i nā hōʻike ma ke Kulanui ʻo Moscow, e koho ana i ke Kumu o ka Mōʻaukala a me ka Philology.
Mōʻaukala
Ma hope o 4 mau makahiki o ke aʻo ʻana ma ke kula nui, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Vasily Klyuchevsky e noho ma ke keʻena o ka mōʻaukala Lūkini e hoʻomākaukau no kahi ʻoihana. Ua koho ʻo ia i ke kumuhana no ka puke kākau a kāna haku - "Old Russian Lives of Saints as a History History."
Ua hana ke kāne i ka hana ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki. I loko o kēia manawa, ua aʻo ʻo ia ma kahi o hoʻokahi kaukani mau moʻolaola, a ua alakaʻi pū ʻia he 6 ʻepekema noiʻi. A ʻo kahi hopena, i ka 1871, ua hiki i ka mea kākau moʻolelo ke pale wiwo ʻole a loaʻa iā ia ke kuleana e aʻo aku i nā ʻoihana aʻo kiʻekiʻe.
I ka mua, ua hana ʻo Klyuchevsky ma ke Kula Koa o Alexander, kahi a ia i aʻo aku ai i ka mōʻaukala laulā. I ka manawa like, ua haʻi ʻōlelo ʻo ia ma ke kula kaiaola kūloko. Ma 1879 ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo i ka mōʻaukala Lūkini ma kāna kula nui.
Ma ke ʻano he loea loea i ka haʻi ʻōlelo, nui ka pūʻali koa o Vasily Osipovich. Kūpono nā haumāna e hoʻolohe i nā haʻi'ōlelo a ka mea kākau moʻolelo. I kāna mau haʻiʻōlelo, ua haʻi ʻo ia i nā mea hoihoi, nīnau i nā manaʻo i hoʻokumu ʻia a pane akamai i nā nīnau a nā haumāna.
Ma ka lumi papa hoʻi, ua wehewehe maikaʻi ʻo Klyuchevsky i nā luna Lūkini like ʻole. He mea pīhoihoi ʻo ia ka mea mua i hoʻomaka e ʻōlelo no nā mōʻī ma ke ʻano he mau kānaka maʻamau i ka lawehala kanaka.
I ka makahiki 1882 ua pale aku ʻo Vasily Klyuchevsky i kāna pepa kauka kauka "Boyar Duma o Ancient Rus" a lilo i polopeka ma nā kula nui ʻehā. Ua loaʻa ka mahalo nui ʻia i ke kaiāulu ma ke ʻano he connoisseur hohonu o ka mōʻaukala, ke kumu, ma ke kauoha a Alexander III, i aʻo aku i ka mōʻaukala launa i kāna keiki ʻekolu ʻo George.
I kēlā manawa, ua paʻi nā puke pai Klyuchevsky i kekahi mau hana mōʻaukala koʻikoʻi, e like me "Russian ruble 16-18 mau kenekulia. i kona pili i kēia manawa "(1884) a me" Ke kumu o ka serfdom ma Lūkia "(1885).
I 1900 ua koho ʻia ke kāne i lālā like o ka Imperial Academy of Science. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua paʻi ʻia ka hana nui a Vasily Klyuchevsky "Ka Papa o ka Mōʻaukala Lūkia", nona nā ʻāpana he 5. Ua hala he 30 mau makahiki o ka mea kākau e hana i kēia hana.
I ka makahiki 1906, ua haʻalele ka polofesa i ka Theological Academy, kahi āna i hana ai no 36 mau makahiki, ʻoiai nā kūʻē o nā haumāna. Ma hope o kēlā, ua aʻo ʻo ia ma ke Kula Kaiapuni o Moscow, Kālai ʻana a me ka Hoʻolālā, kahi i lilo ai nā mea pena kiʻi he mau haumāna nāna.
Ua hānai ʻo Vasily Osipovich i nā mōʻaukala alakaʻi he nui, e like me Valery Lyaskovsky, Alexander Khakhanov, Alexei Yakovlev, Yuri Gauthier a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ke ola pilikino
I ka hala ʻana o 1860, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Klyuchevsky e nānā iā Anna Borodina, ke kaikuahine o kāna haumāna, akā ʻaʻole i pānaʻi ke kaikamahine. A laila, me ka manaʻo ʻole ʻia no nā mea āpau, i ka 1869 ua male ʻo ia i ko Anna kaikuaʻana, ʻo Anisya.
I loko o kēia male, ua hānau ʻia kahi keikikāne Boris, ka mea i loaʻa i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka mōʻaukala a me ke aʻo kānāwai. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hānai ʻia ke kaikamahine a kahi polofesa nona ka inoa ʻo Elizaveta Korneva i kaikamahine ma ka ʻohana Klyuchevski.
Make
I ka makahiki 1909, ua make ka wahine a Klyuchevsky. Ua lawe ʻia mai ʻo Anisya i ka hale mai ka hale pule, kahi i ʻike ʻole ai a make i ka pō.
Ua ʻeha ke kāne i ka make ʻana o kāna wahine, ʻaʻole hoʻi i ola hou mai kona make ʻana. Ua make ʻo Vasily Klyuchevsky ma ka lā 12 o Mei (25), 1911 i ka makahiki 70, no ka maʻi lōʻihi.
Nā kiʻi o Klyuchevsky
