ʻO Maria I (nee Mary Stuart; 1542-1587) - Queen of Scots mai ka wā kamaliʻi, noho aliʻi maoli ia mai 1561 a hiki i kona waiho ʻana i 1567, a ʻo ka Mōʻīwahine hoʻi o Palani i ka wā 1559-1560.
ʻO kāna hopena pōpilikia, i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā huli ʻana "moʻokalaleo" nui a me nā hanana, hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoihoi o nā mea kākau he nui.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Mary I, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, eia kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Mary Stuart.
Kawaihae o Mary Stewart
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Mary ma Kēkēmapa 8, 1542 ma ka hale aliʻi ʻo Siklithgow ma Lothian ma Sekotia. ʻO ia ke kaikamahine a King James 5 o Sekotia a me ke kamāliʻiwahine Palani ʻo Marie de Guise.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
ʻO ka pōʻino mua ma ka moʻolelo pilikino o Mary i hala 6 mau lā ma hope o kona hānau ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki i kona makuakāne ke ola i ka lanakila hilahila i ke kaua me ʻEnelani, a me ka make ʻana o nā keikikāne 2, nā mea hoʻoilina paha i ka noho aliʻi.
A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻo Maria Stuart wale nō ke keiki kūpono a Jacob. Mai kona wā pēpē, ua lilo kona ʻohana pili loa ʻo James Hamilton i kuhina nui na ke kaikamahine. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo he manaʻo pro-English ko James, mahalo i nā mea hanohano he nui i kipaku ʻia e ka makuakāne o Mary i hoʻi i Scotland.
I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Hamilton e ʻimi i kahi kāne kāne pono na Stuart. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ke kauwela o 1543 ua hoʻopau ʻia ke Kuʻikahi o Greenwich, e like me ka mea i lilo ai ʻo Mary i wahine na ka ʻEnelani Prince Edward.
Ua ʻae kēia male i ka hui hou ʻana o Sekotia a me ʻEnelani ma lalo o ke aupuni o hoʻokahi aliʻi aliʻi. I ka hāʻule o ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hoʻolaha ākea ʻia ʻo Mary no Queen of Scots.
Eia naʻe, ua hoʻomaka koke kahi hakakā pūʻali koa i ka ʻāina. Ua kāpae ʻia nā barona pro-English mai ka mana, a ua lilo ʻo Cardinal Beaton a me kāna mau hoapili, e kia ana i ka pili ʻana me Palani, a lilo i alakaʻi politika.
I ka manawa like, ua nui a kaulana ka Protestantism, ka poʻe pili i ʻike i ko Beritania ko lākou mau hoaaloha. I ka puna o 1546, ua pepehi kekahi pūʻulu Protestant iā Beaton a ua hopu pio ʻia iā St. Andrews Castle. Ma hope o kēlā, ua komo ʻo Palani i loko o ka hakakā, a nāna i kipaku maoli i ka pūʻali koa ʻEnelani mai Skotlandia aku.
I ka makahiki 5, ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo Mary Stuart i Palani, i ka aloaliʻi o Henry II - ka mōʻī a me kona makuahōnōwai kāne e hiki mai ana. Ma aneʻi ua loaʻa iā ia kahi aʻo maikaʻi loa. Ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka ʻōlelo Palani, Paniolo, ʻItalia, Greek Greek a me ka Lākina.
Eia kekahi, ua aʻo ʻo Maria i nā puke kahiko a me nā moʻomeheu o kēia au. Makemake ʻo ia i ke mele, mele, ʻimi holoholona a me nā mele. Ua hōʻeuʻeu ke kaikamahine i ke aloha i waena o nā aristocrats Farani, nā mea haku mele like ʻole, e like me Lope de Vega, nā mele hoʻolaʻa iā ia.
Kaua i ka noho aliʻi
I ka makahiki 16, lilo ʻo Stewart i wahine na ka hoʻoilina Farani ʻo Francis, ka mea maʻi mau. Ma hope o 2 mau makahiki o ke ola male, ua make ke kāne, a ʻo kahi hopena i hāʻawi ʻia iā Maria de Medici.
Ua alakaʻi ʻia kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua koi ʻia ʻo Mary Stuart e hoʻi i kona home home, kahi i noho aliʻi ai kona makuahine, kahi makemake ʻole ʻia e ka poʻe.
Eia kekahi, ua ale ʻia ʻo Sekotia e ka Revolution Protestant, ma muli o ka hopena ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hale aliʻi i nā Kakolika a me nā Protestant.
Ua hoʻāʻo kekahi a me ka lua e lanakila i ka mōʻī wahine i ko lākou ʻaoʻao, akā ua hana akahele loa ʻo Maria, e hoʻāʻo nei e pili pono i ke kūlike ʻole. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hoʻopau i ka Protestantism, ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia ma ke ʻano he hoʻomana kūhelu i ka ʻāina, akā i ka manawa like e hoʻomau i ka mālama ʻana i nā pilina me ka Ekalesia Katolika.
Ke hoʻokau nei iā ia iho ma ka noho aliʻi, ua hoʻokō ʻo Mary Stuart i ka mālie a kūpaʻa hoʻi i ka mokuʻāina. ʻO ka mea pīhoihoi, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻike iā Elizabeth I ka Mōʻīwahine o ʻEnelani, ʻoiai ʻoi aku kona kuleana i ka noho aliʻi Pelekane. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka ʻo Elizabeth ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina ʻole.
Eia naʻe, makaʻu ʻo Mary e komo i kahi hakakā ākea no ka mana, ke ʻike nei ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke lilo i kahi o Elizabeth ma ka ikaika.
Ke ola pilikino
He helehelena uʻi ʻo Maria a he kaikamahine i aʻo ʻia. No kēia kumu, makemake nui ʻia ʻo ia e nā kāne. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o kāna kāne mua, ʻo Francis, ua hui ka mōʻī wahine me kona hoahānau ʻo Henry Stuart, ʻo Lord Darnley, ka mea i hōʻea hou mai nei i Sekotia.
Ua hōʻike ka poʻe ʻōpio i ke aloha pū, no ka hopena a lākou i hoʻoholo ai e male. Ua hoʻonāukiuki kā lāua male male ma waena o Elizabeth I a me nā Protestant Scottish. ʻO nā mea kōkua mua o Mary ma ke kino o Morey a me Maitland i kipi kūʻē aku i ka mōʻī wahine, e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻokahuli iā ia mai ka noho aliʻi.
Eia naʻe, ua hiki iā Stewart ke kāohi i ke kipi. Ua hoʻohoka koke ka wahine i koho ʻia i ke kaikamahine, ʻoiai ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e ka nāwaliwali a me ka hanohano ʻole. I ka manawa o kāna moʻomeheu, ua hāpai ʻo ia me Heneri, akā ʻaʻole naʻe i hiki i kēia ke ala aʻe i loko o kāna mau manaʻo no kāna kāne.
ʻO ka makemake ʻole a me ka hōʻole ʻia mai kāna wahine, ua hoʻonohonoho ke kāne i kahi kipi, a i mua o Maria, ua kauoha ʻo ia e pepehi kanaka i kāna punahele punahele a pilikino ʻo David Riccio.
ʻIke nō, ma kēia hewa e hoʻokikina aku ka poʻe kipi i ka mōʻī wahine e hana ʻae. Eia nō naʻe, ua hele ʻo Maria i ka hana hoʻopunipuni: ua hana ʻo ia i kahi kuʻikahi me kāna kāne a me Morey, a ʻo ia ka mea i alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale i ka papa o nā kipi, a ma hope ua hana ʻo ia me nā mea pepehi kanaka.
I kēlā manawa, pili ka naʻau o Mary i kahi kāne ʻē aʻe - ʻO James Hepburn, ʻoiai he kaumaha maoli kāna kāne nāna. A ʻo kahi hopena, i ka makahiki 1567 ma lalo o nā ʻano pohihihi, ua pepehi ʻia ʻo Henry Stuart ma kahi kokoke i Edinburgh, a ua puhi ʻia kona wahi noho.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea kākau moʻolelo a Maria ke hele i kahi ʻae no ka mea ua pili ʻo ia i ka make o kāna kāne. Ma hope koke iho o ia manawa, ua lilo ka Mōʻīwahine i wahine na Hepburn. Ua hoʻonele kēia hana iā ia i ke kākoʻo o nā ʻohana.
Kipi kūʻē ka poʻe Protestant iā Stuart. Ua koi lākou iā ia e hoʻoili i ka mana i kāna keiki iā Yakov, nona ke kuhina nui i hoʻokumu i ka haunaele. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ua kōkua ʻo Mary iā James e pakele ai i Sekotia.
ʻO ka mōʻī wahine i haʻalele ʻia i loko o ka hale paʻahao ma Lokhliven. Wahi a kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, ua hānau ʻia nā māhoe ma aneʻi, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ko lāua mau inoa i kekahi o nā palapala i loaʻa. Ua hoʻowalewale i ka luna, ua pakele ka wahine mai ka hale aliʻi a hele i ʻEnelani, e hilinaʻi ana i ke kōkua o Elizabeth.
Make
No ka Mōʻīwahine o ʻEnelani, hoʻoweliweli mau ʻo Stewart, ʻoiai he hoʻoilina hoʻoilina ia no ka noho aliʻi. ʻAʻole hiki iā Mary ke noʻonoʻo i nā mea a Elizabeth e lawe ai e kāpae iā ia.
Ke huki wale nei i ka manawa, ua komo ka wahine Pelekane i ka leka me kāna hoahānau, ʻaʻole makemake e ʻike pilikino iā ia. He kūlana kaulana ʻo Stewart ma ke ʻano he lawehala a hoʻomake kāne, no laila ʻo kāna hopena e hoʻoholo ʻia e nā hoa Pelekane.
Ua komo ʻo Maria i loko o kahi leka leka me Anthony Babington, kahi ʻākena o nā pūʻali Katolika, kahi i kūpaʻa ai ʻo ia i ka pepehi kanaka ʻana iā Elizabeth. I ka wā i hāʻule ai ka palapala i ka lima o ka Mōʻī wahine o ʻEnelani, hoʻopaʻi koke ʻia ʻo Stewart i ka make.
Ua ʻoki ʻia ke poʻo o Mary Stuart ma Pepeluali 8, 1587. I kēlā manawa he 44 kona mau makahiki. Ma hope, ua kauoha kāna keiki ʻo Jacob, ke Aliʻi o Sekotia a me ʻEnelani, i ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka lehu o kona makuahine iā Westminster Abbey.
Kiʻi ʻia e Mary Stuart
