ʻO ka ʻōlelo "ʻAʻohe hoa hele no ka ʻono a me ke kala" kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau ia e pili ai ka poʻe i ka pōkole a me ka pololei o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi postulate, no ka mea e pono ai nā kānaka ʻepekema he nui a i ʻole he mau haneli mau huaʻōlelo. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻike ka ʻike i ke kala a hilinaʻi ʻia i nā kumu he nui, a i ke ʻano o ke kanaka. ʻAʻole hiki i nā poʻe like ʻole ke ʻike i ke kala like i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻOiai ke ʻike kala o ka mea like hiki ke loli. ʻO ka nalu o ka mālamalama ke kumu a me ke ana. ʻAʻole hiki ke ana ʻia ka ʻike o ka malamalama.
Nui nā kala a me nā aka i ke kūlohelohe, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā uila, ke kemika a me nā optika, ua aneane pau ʻole kā lākou helu. Eia nō naʻe, pono wale nā mea hoʻolālā a me nā mākeke i kēia ʻano. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka i lawa ka ʻike o nā pua mai kahi lumi helu a nā keiki e pili ana i ka mea ʻimi holoholona a me ka pheasant, a me nā inoa o ke ʻumi a keu mau aka. A i loko o kēia pae liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea hoihoi.
1. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ma ka ʻaneʻane i nā ʻōlelo āpau e kū nei i nā wā mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, aia wale nō ʻelua mau huaʻōlelo no nā kala. Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana, eia nā huaʻōlelo "ʻeleʻele" a me "keʻokeʻo". A laila ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona kala, me nā huaʻōlelo ʻelua i lawe i nā aka. Ua lohi ke ʻano o nā huaʻōlelo e hōʻike ana i nā waihoʻoluʻu, ma ke kahua o ke ola o ke kākau ʻana. I kekahi manawa hoʻohilahila i nā mea unuhi o nā moʻolelo kahiko - i kekahi manawa hiki i kahi huaʻōlelo ke ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau kala, a ʻaʻole ʻae ka pōʻaiapili iā mākou e ʻike i ke kala a mākou e kamaʻilio nei.
2. Kaulana kaulana ia i loko o nā ʻōlelo o ka lāhui ʻākau he mau inoa like ʻole no ke keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā inoa no ke kala o ka hau. I kekahi manawa he nui nā ʻōlelo like ʻole. A ʻo ka loea Lūkini Lūkini ʻo Vladimir Bogoraz, hoʻi i ke kenekulia 19, i wehewehe i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻili dia e ke kala āna i ʻike ai. Maopopo ka wehewehe ʻole o ka huaʻōlelo a ka ʻepekema i nā huaʻōlelo e wehewehe ana i ka loli ʻana o ke kala mai ka māmā a i ka pouli (ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ʻike pinepine i ka ʻokoʻa). A ua kapa maʻalahi ka mea ʻanāʻā ma mua o 20 mau huaʻōlelo no nā kala o nā ʻili.
Nā aka Deer
3. I ka ʻōlelo o nā kūpuna ʻAukekulia, a i kēia manawa aia wale nō nā huaʻōlelo no ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo. Hōʻike nā kala ʻē aʻe, e hoʻohui ana i nā inoa o nā minelala i ʻike ʻia e nā aborigine, akā ʻaʻohe mea ākea, nā minela paʻa - hiki i kēlā me kēia ke hoʻohana i ka inoa o nā pōhaku e kūlike i ke kala.
Me he mea lā ʻaʻole ʻehaʻeha maoli nā ʻōiwi mai ka haiki o nā huaʻōlelo kala.
4. A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hiki i ka Lūkini ke kaena i ka nui o nā adjectives e hōʻike ana i nā kala. A hiki i ka waena o ke kenekulia 17, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou helu i ka 20. A laila hoʻomaka ka laulima ʻana me nā ʻāina ʻEulopa e ulu. Ua kū mai nā haole mua ma Rūsia, ua nui a lehulehu aku o lākou. He mea nui nō hoʻi ka makemake o nā aliʻi hanohano no ka ʻōlelo Palani. ʻO ka helu o nā adjectives e hōʻike ana i ke kala ma mua o 100. Eia nō naʻe, kahi e koi ʻia ai e wehewehe i ke kala me ka maopopo no kēlā me kēia, no ka laʻana, ma ka botany, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka helu palena o nā huaʻōlelo maʻamau. Ma ka manawa maʻamau he 12-13 o lākou. I kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia ʻike ka ʻike ʻia o kahi kanaka maʻamau a hiki i ka 40 "waihoʻoluʻu" adjectives, a aia ma lalo o 100 o lākou.
5. Ua manaʻo ʻia ka waihoʻoluʻu poni he hanohano a ʻoiai he imperial ʻaʻole ma muli o kona nani kūikawā - he pipiʻi wale ke kala. I mea e loaʻa ai kahi gram o ka wai make, pono e hopu a hana a hiki i ka 10,000 mollusks kūikawā. No laila, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o nā lole i hoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula ʻia i hōʻike pono i ka waiwai a me ke kūlana o ka mea nāna ia. Ua luku aku ʻo Alexander Nui i ka poʻe Perusia, ua loaʻa he mau tona o ka pena poni ma ke ʻano he waiwai pio.
Hōʻike koke ʻo Pila iā wai ʻo wai
6. Wahi a ka noiʻi o nā inoa o nā huahana a me nā ʻatikala i makemake nui ʻia, makemake nui ka poʻe noho ma Rūsia e kūʻai i nā waiwai me ka huaʻōlelo "gula" i ka inoa. ʻO ka mea aʻe i kaulana ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻeleʻele. I ka papa inoa o nā kala makemake ʻole ʻia, no kekahi kumu, noho pū ka emerald me ka hina a me ke kēpau.
7. ʻAneʻane pili nā poʻe āpau i ke kala ʻeleʻele me kahi mea maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ka poʻe ʻAigupita kahiko wale nō ke koe. Ua mālama maʻamau lākou i ka make akeakamai, me ka manaʻoʻiʻo i ke ola mau loa. No laila, ʻo ka ʻeleʻele kahi mea maʻamau o ka no makeup no lākou, nā kāne a me nā wahine.
8. Na Aristotle i kūkulu i kahi kumumanaʻo kūlike loa o ke kala. ʻO kēia mea noʻonoʻo Helene kahiko i pena i nā kala ʻaʻole wale ma ka spectrum, akā na ka ikaika hoʻi. Hōʻailona nā kala ʻulaʻula a me melemele i ka neʻe ʻana mai ka pouli (ʻeleʻele) i ka mālamalama (keʻokeʻo). Hōʻike ʻo Green i ke kaulike o ka mālamalama a me ka pouli, ʻoiai e ʻōuliuli ka uliuli.
Aristotle
9. I Roma kahiko, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kala i ke kāne a me ka wahine. ʻO ke kāne kāne, ka mea a ko Roma i hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, ua hōʻailona ʻia e ka ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo a me ka uliuli. Loaʻa nā pena i nā wahine, i ko lākou manaʻo, mai hoʻohihi i ka maka: brown, ʻalani, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka melemele. I ka manawa like, ʻae ʻia kahi hui o nā kala: brown togas no nā kāne a i ʻole nā kapa keʻokeʻo no nā kapa komo.
10. Loaʻa i kā nā poʻe alchemist medieval kā lākou kumumanaʻo o ka mālamalama. ʻEkolu mau kala nui, e like me kēia kumumanaʻo: ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā kala ʻē aʻe āpau i waena o ka hoʻololi o ka ʻeleʻele i ke keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo i ka ʻulaʻula. Hōʻailona ka ʻeleʻele i ka make, keʻokeʻo - ola hou, ʻulaʻula - ke oʻo o ke ola hou a me ka mākaukau e hoʻololi i ka Universe.
11. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo ʻo “Blue Stocking” i pili i nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka pololei, i ke kanaka hoʻokahi i kapa ʻia ʻo Benjamin Stillingfleet. ʻO kēia kāne loea nui he mea maʻamau i kekahi o nā hale pule kaulana ʻo 18th London i makemake e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka ʻepekema, nā palapala a i ʻole nā kiʻi ma nā leo kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokomo wale ʻo Stillingfleet i nā stockings polū no kahi kumu wale nō. Ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hoʻomaka kona mau hoa kamaʻilio e kāhea i ka "Circle of Blue Stockings." ʻO ia wale nō i ka kenekulia 19 i manaʻo nui ʻia ai nā wahine e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻike ma mua o ka helehelena.
ʻO ka heroine o Alice Freundlich ma "Office Romance" kahi ʻano "Blue Stocking"
12. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā kala e ka maka o ke kanaka, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe, he kumuhana. ʻO John Dalton, ka mea i kapa ʻia ka makapō o ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻaʻole i ʻike a hiki i ka makahiki 26 ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻike i ka ʻula. ʻAʻulaʻula nona. I ka manawa wale nō a hoihoi ʻo Dalton i ka hua botany a ʻike ʻo ia i kekahi mau pua i nā kala ʻokoʻa i ka lā a me ka mālamalama hana, ua ʻike ʻo ia ua hewa kekahi mea i kona mau maka. ʻO nā keiki ʻelima o ka ʻohana Dalton, ʻekolu i loaʻa i ka makapō o ka waihoʻoluʻu. Ma hope o ka noiʻi akahele, ua hoʻololi ʻia me ka makapō ʻana o ke kala, ʻaʻole e kiʻi ka maka i nā nalu māmā o kekahi lōʻihi.
ʻO John Dalton
13. Hiki i ka ʻili keʻokeʻo ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola i kekahi manawa. Ma Tanzania (kahi mokuʻāina ma East Africa), hānau ʻia kahi helu kaulike o nā albino - aia ma kahi o 15 mau manawa ʻoi aku o lākou ma mua o ka awelika ma ka Honua. Wahi a nā manaʻo kūloko, hiki i nā ʻāpana o ke kino o ka albinos ke hōʻola i nā maʻi, no laila ke ʻimi maoli nei i ka poʻe ʻili keʻokeʻo. Ua lilo ke kūlana o nā albino i mea weliweli loa ma hope o ka puka ʻana o ka maʻi ahulau o ka maʻi AIDS - ʻo ka lono e hiki i kahi ʻāpana albino ke hoʻopau i kahi maʻi weliweli i wehe ʻia i kahi huli ʻiʻo no nā ʻeleʻele ʻili keʻokeʻo.
14. ʻO "ke kaikamahine ʻulaʻula" he kaikamahine ʻōpio, male ʻole, makaʻu ʻole, a ʻo ka ipukukui ʻulaʻula ka inoa o ka hale o ke ahonui. ʻO ka kola polū he limahana, a ʻo ka stocking blue kahi wahine i aʻo ʻia, nele i ka wahine. ʻO "Buke ʻeleʻele" he kilokilo, a ʻo "Buke ʻeleʻele" ka helu. ʻO ka manu nūnū keʻokeʻo kahi hōʻailona o ka maluhia, aʻo ka hae keʻokeʻo kahi hōʻailona o ka hāʻawi pio. I Lūkia, a hiki i ka 1917, ua kauoha ʻia e pena i nā hale mokuʻāina i melemele, a e hoʻopuka i nā "tikika melemele" i nā wahine hoʻokamakama.
15. ʻO "Pōʻakahi Pōʻakahi" kahi hāʻule kūʻai makeke ma USA (1987) a he paʻamau ma Russia (1998). ʻO "Pōʻalua Pōʻele" ka lā o ka hoʻomaka o ka Great Depression (1929). "Pōʻakolu Pōʻakolu" - ka lā i hiolo ai ʻo George Soros i ka paona paona, loaʻa $ 1.5 biliona i kēlā me kēia lā (1987). ʻO "Pōʻalima Pōʻalima" ka lā a nā koa Soviet i ka lewa ma luna o Korea i kī aku ai i 12 o nā mokulele 21 B-29 i manaʻo ʻia he invulnerable. Ua hōʻino ʻia nā koena 9 "Nā Papu lele" (1951). ʻO "Pōʻalima Pōʻalima" ka lā o ka hoʻomaka o nā kūʻai aku ma ka pō o ke Kalikimaka. "Pōʻaono Pōʻaono" - ka wā nui loa o ka pilikia missile Cuban, he mau minuke ka honua mai kahi kaua nukelea (1962). Akā ʻo "Sunday Lāpule" kahi puke na Thomas Harris a me kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna.
