Antonio Lucho (Lucio, Lucio) ʻO Vivaldi (1678-1741) - Mea haku mele Italia, violin virtuoso, kumu, alakaʻi a kahuna pule Kakolika hoʻi. ʻO Vivaldi kekahi o nā mea hōʻike nui loa o ka makahiki 18 kenekulia Italian violin art.
ʻO ka haku o ka ʻaha mele ensemble a me ka orchestral ka Concerto Grosso, ka mea kākau o ma kahi o 40 opera. ʻEhā mau concertos violinā "The Seasons" i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o kāna mau hana kaulana loa.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o kā Biivaldi moʻomeheu, a mākou e haʻi ai e pili ana i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Antonio Vivaldi.
Kamaʻilioʻo Vivaldi
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Antonio Vivaldi ma ka lā 4 Malaki 1678 ma Venice. Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana o ka ʻumiʻumi a me ka mea hoʻokani pila ʻo Giovanni Battista a me kāna wahine ʻo Camilla. Ma waho o Antonio, ua hānau ʻia he 3 mau kaikamahine a me 2 mau keiki kāne hou ma ka ʻohana Vivaldi.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
ʻO ka mea haku mele o ka wā e hiki mai ana ua hānau ʻia ma mua o ka papa kuhikuhi, ma ka malama 7. Hoʻoikaika ka pale keiki i nā mākua e bapetizo koke i ka pēpē, ke make koke.
ʻO ka hopena, i loko o ʻelua mau hola ua bapetizo ʻia ke keiki, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ke komo ʻana i ka puke hale pule.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi maoli kahi ʻōlaʻi i hiki i Venice ma ka lā hānau o Vivaldi. Ua pīhoihoi kēia hanana i kona makuahine a ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e koho i kāna keiki kāne i kahuna pule ke hiki i kona oʻo ʻana.
Ua waiho nui ke olakino o Antonio i ka makemake. Eia kekahi, ua ʻeha ʻo ia i ka hānō. ʻAʻole ʻike nui ʻia e pili ana i ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka wā ʻōpio. Maliʻa paha, ʻo ke poʻo o ka ʻohana nāna i aʻo i ke keikikāne e hoʻokani pila.
He mea pīhoihoi ka haku pono o ke keiki i ka mea kani a laila ua hoʻololi hou ʻo ia i kona makuakāne i ka hale pule ke haʻalele ʻo ia i ke kūlanakauhale.
Ma hope, ua lawelawe ke kanaka ʻōpio ma ke ʻano he "kiaʻi kiaʻi" ma ka luakini, e wehe ana i ka puka no nā pālele. He makemake maoli kona e lilo i kahunapule, kahi i hauʻoli ai kona mau mākua. I ka 1704, ua mālama ke kāne i ka Mass ma ka hale pule, akā ma muli o ke olakino olakino, paʻakikī loa iā ia e kūpale i kāna hana.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e mālama ʻo Antonio Vivaldi iā Mass i mau manawa hou, a ma hope e waiho ʻo ia i kāna mau hana i ka luakini, ʻoiai e hoʻomau ʻo ia i kahuna.
Mele
I ka makahiki 25, ua lilo ʻo Vivaldi i violinist virtuoso, e pili ana i ke aʻo ʻana i nā keiki makua ʻole a me nā keiki ʻilihuna e hoʻokani i nā mea kani ma ke kula ma ka mōneka, a laila ma ka conservatory. I loko o kēia wā o kāna moʻolelo pilikino i hoʻomaka ai ʻo ia e haku i kāna mau hana akamai.
Ua kākau ʻo Antonio Vivaldi i nā ʻahamele, nā cantatas a me nā mele leo e pili ana i nā moʻolelo Baibala no nā haumāna. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mau hana no ka solo, choral a me ka hana orchestral. Ma hope koke ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo i nā keiki makua ʻole e pāʻani wale i ka violin, akā ʻo ka viola pū kekahi.
Ma 1716, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Vivaldi i ka holo ʻana i ka conservatory, ma muli o ke kuleana o ia no nā hana mele a pau o ka ʻoihana aʻo. I kēlā manawa, ua paʻi ʻē aʻe i 2 mau koho a ka mea haku mele, 12 sonatas, a me nā ʻahamele he 12 - "Harmonious Inspiration".
Ua loaʻa ka mele o ka Italia i kaulana ma waho o ka mokuʻāina. He mea hoihoi ua hana ʻo Antonio ma ka ʻelele Farani a ma mua o ka mōʻī Denemaka ʻo Frederick IV, nāna i hoʻolaʻa aku ma hope o nā sonatas he nui.
Ma hope o kēlā, noho ʻo Vivaldi ma Mantua ma ke kono a Prince Philip o Hesse-Darmstadt. I loko o kēia manawa ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i ka haku mele opera, ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Otto ma ka Villa. I ka lohe ʻana o ka impresario a me nā poʻe kōkua i kēia hana, mahalo nui lākou iā ia.
ʻO ka hopena, ua loaʻa iā Antonio Vivaldi kahi kauoha no kahi opera hou mai ka luna o ka San Angelo Theatre. Wahi a ka haku mele, i ka manawa mai 1713-1737. ua kākau ʻo ia i nā mele mele he 94, akā he 50 wale nō helu i koe a hiki i kēia lā.
Ma mua i holo maikaʻi nā mea āpau, akā ma hope ua hoʻomaka ka lehulehu o Venetian e lilo i ka hoihoi i ka opera. I ka makahiki 1721, ua hele ʻo Vivaldi i Milana, kahi i hōʻike ai ʻo ia i ke keaka ʻo "Sylvia", a ua hōʻike ka makahiki e hiki mai ana i kahi oratorio e pili ana i ka moʻolelo Baibala.
A laila noho ka maestro no kekahi manawa ma Roma, e hana ana i nā keaka mele hou. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ka Pope i kono iā ia e hāʻawi i kahi ʻahamele. Ua lilo kēia hanana i mea nui i loko o kāna puke moʻomanaʻo, no ka mea he kahuna Katorika ʻo Vivaldi.
I ka 1723-1724. Ua kākau ʻo Vivaldi i ke ao kaulana ʻo "Seasons". Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia kēlā me kēia mele mele 4 i ka wā puna, hoʻoilo, kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe loea mele a me nā mea aloha maʻamau i nā mele kahiko e hōʻike kēia mau hana i ka piko o ka haku o ʻItalia.
He mea hoihoi i ka mea manaʻo kaulana ʻo Jean-Jacques Rousseau i ʻōlelo nui e pili ana i kā Antonio hana. Eia kekahi, ua aloha ʻo ia iā ia iho e hana i kekahi mau mele ma ka ohe.
Ua alakaʻi ʻo huakaʻi huakaʻi iā Vivaldi e launa me ke aliʻi Austrian Karl 6, makemake i kāna mele. A ʻo kahi hopena, ua ulu aʻe kahi pili aloha ma waena o lākou. A inā ma Venice ʻaʻole i makemake nui ʻia ka hana a ka maestro, ma ʻEulopa nā mea āpau i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.
Ma hope o ka hui ʻana me Karl 6, neʻe ʻo Vivaldi i Austria, me ka lana o ka manaʻo e ulu ka ʻoihana. Eia naʻe, ua make ka mōʻī ma hope koke iho o ka hōʻea ʻana o ka Italia. I ka hopena o kona ola, ua kūʻai ʻo Antonio i kāna mau hana no kahi denari, ke loaʻa nei nā pilikia kālā koʻikoʻi.
Ke ola pilikino
ʻOiai he kahuna ka maestro, pili ʻo ia i ka celibacy, e like me ke koi a ka dogma Katolika. Akā naʻe, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia i ka poʻe ona i nā pilina me kāna haumāna ʻo Anna Giraud a me kona kaikuahine ʻo Paolina.
Ua aʻo ʻo Vivaldi iā Anna i ke mele, e kākau ana i nā opera a me nā ʻāpana solo nona. Hoʻomaha pinepine ka poʻe ʻōpio a huakaʻi huakaʻi. He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo ua mākaukau ʻo Paolina e hana i kekahi mea nona.
Ua kiaʻi ke kaikamahine iā Antonio, e kōkua ana iā ia e kū me ka maʻi maʻi mau a me ka nāwaliwali o ke kino. ʻAʻole hiki i ke kahunapule ke nānā hou me ka ʻoluʻolu pehea ʻo ia i ka hui o nā kaikamahine ʻōpio ʻelua.
I ka makahiki 1738, ka Cardinal-Archb Bishop o Ferrara, kahi e mālama ʻia ai kahi karnival me nā keaka mele, pāpā ʻia ʻo Vivaldi a me kāna mau haumāna e komo i ke kūlanakauhale. Eia kekahi, ua kauoha ʻo ia e hoʻolauleʻa iā Mass, i ka nānā ʻana i ka hāʻule o ka mea hoʻokani pila.
Make
Ua make ʻo Antonio Vivaldi ma Iulai 28, 1741 ma Vienna, ma hope iki iho o ka make ʻana o kāna mea kōkua ʻo Charles 6. I kona wā i make ai, he 63 kona mau makahiki. No kekahi mau mahina i hala aku nei ua noho ʻo ia me ka ilihune piha a me ka poina ʻole, a ʻo kahi hopena ua kanu ʻia ʻo ia i ka ilina no ka poʻe hune.
