ʻO Richard Milhouse Nixon (1913-1994) - 37th Pelekikena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (1969-1974) mai ka ʻaoʻao Lepupalika, 36th Hope Pelekikena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (1953-1961). ʻO ka pelekikena ʻAmelika wale nō i iho i lalo ma mua o ka hopena o kāna kau.
Nui nā mea hoihoi i ka moʻolelo pilikino Nixon, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou he moʻolelo pōkole o Richard Nixon.
Kawaihae o Nixon
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Richard Nixon ma ka lā 9 o Ianuali, 1913 i Kaleponi. Ua ulu ʻo ia i loko o kahi ʻohana ʻilihuna o ka mea kūʻai aku ʻo Francis Nixon a me kāna wahine ʻo Hana Milhouse. ʻO ia ka lua o nā keiki kāne 5 a kona mau mākua.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
I ka ʻohana Nixon, ua kapa ʻia nā keikikāne āpau ma hope o nā mōʻī kaulana o Beritania. Ma ke ala, ua loaʻa i ka pelekikena o ka wā e hiki mai ana kona inoa no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana iā Richard the Lionheart, ka mea i hele mai mai ka moʻokūʻauhau o Plantagenet.
Ma hope o kona puka ʻana mai ke koleke, ua hoʻomau ʻo Richard i kāna aʻo ʻana ma ke Kula Law Law University ʻo Duke. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ma hope o ka puka ʻana ua makemake ʻo ia e lilo i limahana FBI, akā ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hoʻi i Kaleponi.
I ka makahiki 1937, ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Nixon i ka pā. I kēia manawa o kāna moʻomeheu, ua hana ʻo ia i ka hoʻonā ʻana i nā hihia kontroversial ma waena o nā hui ʻaila. I ka makahiki aʻe, ua hāʻawi ʻia i ka loea ʻōpio ke kūlana o ke poʻo o ka lālā o kahi loio i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo La Habra Heights.
ʻO ko Richard makuahine he lālā Quaker ia o ka Protestant Christian Christian. Ma hope, ke poʻo o ka ʻohana a, a ʻo ka hopena, ua ʻae nā keiki āpau i kēia manaʻoʻiʻo. I ka manawa o ke keiki ma kahi o 9 mau makahiki, ua neʻe ʻo ia a me kona ʻohana i ke kūlanakauhale Kaleponi ʻo Whittier.
Maʻaneʻi ua wehe ʻo Nixon Sr. i kahi hale kūʻai a me kahi kinoea. Ua hoʻomau ʻo Richard i ke hele ʻana i ke kula kaiapuni, me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā māka kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻano aʻo āpau. Ma hope o kona puka ʻana i ka makahiki 1930, ua lilo ʻo ia i haumana ma ke Kulanui ʻo Whittier.
He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hāʻawi ʻia ke kanaka ʻōpio e komo i Harvard, akā ʻaʻohe kālā a nā mākua e uku ai no ke aʻo ʻana a kā lāua keiki. I kēlā manawa, ua hala kona kaikaina, ʻo Arthur, ma hope o kahi maʻi pōkole. I ka makahiki 1933, ua kū kekahi pōpilikia ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻohana Nixon - ua make ka hānau mua ʻo Harold i ka maʻi puʻu.
I kekahi mau mahina ma hope mai, ua mālama ʻo Richard Nixon i ka ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana o ka ʻoihana a lilo i lālā piha. Ua hoʻohoka ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kāna ʻoihana e ke Kaua Honua Honua (1939-1945). Ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana a ka Kepani iā Pearl Harbor, ua komo ʻo ia i ka Air Force.
Ua lawelawe ʻo Nixon ma ke ʻano he luna ma nā kahua kahua kahua pae honua ma ka Moana Pākīpika. I ka pau ʻana o ke kaua, ua kū aʻe ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ka lutanela alakaʻi.
Kālaiʻāina
I ka 1946, ʻo Richard, ma ka manaʻo o kekahi o nā alakaʻi o ko Kaleponi Republicans, ua komo i ka koho balota i ka Hale o nā Lunamakaʻāinana. I ka hopena o ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i kahi noho i ka Hale, a laila lilo i lālā o ke Komisina Ninaninau no nā Hana Un-American.
Ma 1950, ua loaʻa i ka mea kālaiʻāina ka mana o kahi senator mai ka mokuʻāina ʻo Kaleponi, a ma hope ua noho ʻo ia ma ke kapikala ʻo US. I ʻekolu mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua lilo ʻo ia i Hope Kuhina Nui i ka noho luna ʻo Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Hele pū ʻo Nixon me ke poʻo o ka White House i nā hālāwai me ka ʻAhaʻōlelo a me ka ʻAha Kuhina. Ua kamaʻilio pinepine ʻo ia i ka lehulehu e hoʻolaha ana i nā ʻōlelo hoʻoholo a ka pelekikena a me ke aupuni. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i ka wā o kāna moʻomeheu 1955-1957. ʻo ia ke pelekikena ʻekolu ma muli o ka maʻi o Eisenhower.
I ka makahiki 1960, i nā koho balota e hiki mai ana, ua hoʻokūkū ʻo Richard me John F. Kennedy, akā ua hāʻawi ka poʻe koho balota i ka hapa nui o nā balota no kāna hoa paio. Ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki ʻelua, ma hope o kāna haʻalele ʻana mai ka Hale Keʻokeʻo, ua hoʻi ʻo ia i Kaleponi, kahi i hana ai i ka loiloi.
Ma hope, ua holo ke kāne no ke kiaʻāina o Kaleponi, akā i kēia manawa, ua holo pono ʻole hoʻi. A laila ua manaʻo ʻo ia ua hala kāna ʻoihana politika. Ma kēia mea, ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi hana autobiograpical "ʻEono Crises", kahi āna i wehewehe ai i kāna mau hana i ke aupuni ʻAmelika.
Ma 1968, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Richard Nixon i kāna moho no ka pelekikena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ma ʻAukake 7 i hiki ke ʻoi aku i mua o nā mea hoʻokūkū a pau, e like me Ronald Reagan.
ʻO Pelekikena Nixon
ʻO ke kulekele kūloko o ke poʻo o ka mokuʻāina i koho hou ʻia i hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā kumuhana conservative. Ua ālai ʻo ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā papahana kaiaulu i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i nā kamaʻāina i nele. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i paipai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai a kūʻē i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻAha Kiʻi.
Ma lalo o Nixon, ua kū ka pae ʻāina kaulana ʻAmelika. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua mālama ʻia ke kulekele ʻē aʻe e Henry Kissinger, nona ka hana e haʻalele i ka United States mai ke kaua Vietnam.
Ua hoʻokele ʻo Richard Nixon e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pilina me Kina. Eia hou, i kona wā e noho aliʻi ana, ua hoʻomaka kahi kulekele o detente me ka Soviet Union. I ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻouna ʻo ia i nā pūʻali koa ʻAmelika i Kambupila, kahi i hoʻomaka ai ke aupuni Lon Nol hou e hakakā me nā komunista.
ʻO ia mau hana i alakaʻi ʻia ai i nā hōʻeuʻeu anti-war ma United States, a ʻo ia ka hopena, ma hope o kekahi mau mahina, ua haʻalele nā koa ʻAmelika i Kambupila e ke kauoha a ka pelekikena.
I ka puna o 1972, ua kipa ʻo Nixon i ka USSR, kahi i hui ai ʻo ia me Leonid Brezhnev. Ua kau inoa nā alakaʻi o nā mana nui ʻelua i ka ʻaelike SALT-1, ka mea i kaupalena ʻia ka mea kaua o nā mokuʻāina ʻelua. Eia hou, ua kipa mau ʻo Richard i nā mokuʻāina like ʻole.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ka pelekikena mua i kipa i nā mokuʻāina he 50 o ʻAmelika. I ka 1972, ua hū ka hōʻino Watergate, i hala ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki a ua pau me ka haʻalele ʻana o Nixon mai ka pelekikena.
Ma kahi o 4 mau mahina ma mua o ke koho balota, ua hopu ʻia he 5 mau kānaka i hoʻonohonoho i kahi ʻōnaehana kani uila ma ke keʻena nui o ka moho peresidena Demokalaka ʻo George McGovern. Aia ke keʻena nui ma ka wahi Watergate, kahi i hāʻawi ai i ka hanana i ka inoa kūpono.
Ua loaʻa nā mākaʻi i nā cassette me nā leo o nā kamaʻilio a nā luna politika a me nā kiʻi o nā palapala i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka poʻe i hopu ʻia. Ua lilo ka hōʻino i mea kaulana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻopau ana i ka mōʻaukala politika hou o Richard Nixon.
Ua hōʻoia nā mea noiʻi i ke komo ʻana o ke poʻo o ka mokuʻāina i ka hihia pīhoihoi. ʻO ka hopena, ma ʻAukake 9, 1974, no ka makaʻu i ka impeachment, ua waiho ʻo Nixon i kāna haʻalele. E like me kēia lā, ʻo kēia wale nō ka hihia i ka mōʻaukala o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka wā i haʻalele ai ka pelekikena ma mua o ka manawa.
Ke ola pilikino
I ka manawa ma kahi o 25 ʻo Richard, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aloha me ke kumu kula i kapa ʻia ʻo Thelma Pat Ryan. I ka mua, hōʻole ke kaikamahine e hālāwai me ke kāne no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻo ia i aloha aku iā ia.
Eia naʻe, ua hoʻomau ʻo Nixon a alualu maoli i kāna mea aloha ma hea ʻo ia. ʻO ka hopena, ua uku aku ʻo Thelma i ke kanaka ʻōpio a ʻae e lilo i wahine nāna ma 1940. I kēia moku, he mau kaikamahine ʻelua kā lāua - ʻo Trishia lāua ʻo Julie.
Make
Ma hope o ka hoʻomaha ʻana, ua hoihoi ke kāne i ke kākau. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma muli o ka hōʻino Watergate, ua pāpā ʻia ʻo ia mai ke komo ʻana i nā hihia kū kānāwai a me ka politika. Ua make ʻo Richard Nixon ma ka lā 22 ʻApelila 1994 ma ka makahiki he 81 mai ka maʻi hahau ʻana.
Nā kiʻi Nixon
