ʻO Marcel Proust

ʻO Valentin Louis Georges Eugene Marcel Proust (1871-1922) - Palani mea kākau, haku mele, mea kākau moʻolelo, luna o ka modernism i ka moʻokalaleo. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka kaulana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa ma muli o ka epic 7-volume "In Search of Lost Time" - kekahi o nā hana nui loa o ka honua moʻokalaleo o ka 20 kenekulia

Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻomanaʻo o Marcel Proust, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.

No laila, eia kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Proust.

Kawaihae o Marcel Proust

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Marcel Proust ma ka lā 10 Iulai 1871 ma Palisa. ʻO kona makuahine, ʻo Jeanne Weil, ke kaikamahine a kahi kālepa Iudaio. ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Adrian Proust, kahi epidemiologist kaulana e ʻimi nei i nā ala e pale aku ai i ka maʻi kolera. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā kuʻina a me nā puke e pili ana i ka lāʻau a me ka maʻemaʻe.

I ka manawa o 9 mau makahiki o Marcel, ua loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻouka hānō mua, nāna i hoʻomāʻehaʻeha iā ia a hiki i ka hopena o kāna mau lā. I ka makahiki 1882, ua hoʻouna nā mākua i kā lāua keiki kāne e aʻo ma ka elite Lyceum Condorcet. I loko o kēia wā o kona moʻomeheu, makemake nui ʻo ia i ke akeakamai a me nā palapala, e pili ana i ka manawa nui i ka heluhelu ʻana i nā puke.

Ma ka Lyceum, ua hana ʻo Proust i mau hoaaloha he nui, e like me ka mea kaha kiʻi ʻo Morse Denis a me ka haku mele ʻo Fernand Greg. Ma hope, ua aʻo ke kanaka ʻōpio ma ke keʻena loio o ka Sorbonne, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka papa. Ua kipa aku ʻo ia i nā salian like ʻole o Palisa, kahi i ʻākoakoa ai nā ʻelite nui o ke kapitala.

I ka makahiki 18, ua komo ʻo Marcel Proust i ka pūʻali koa i Orleans. Ke hoʻi nei i ka home, ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hoihoi i nā puke a hele i nā recital. Ma kekahi o lākou, ua launa ʻo ia me ka mea kākau ʻo Anatole France, ka mea nāna i wānana i kahi wā e hiki mai ana nona.

Palapala

I 1892, Proust, me nā poʻe manaʻo like, hoʻokumu i ka makasina Pir. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia kahi hōʻuluʻulu mele ma lalo o kāna peni, a ʻoluʻolu ia e nā poʻe loiloi.

Ma 1896 ua paʻi ʻo Marseille i kahi hōʻuluʻulu o nā moʻolelo pōkole ʻO Joy a me Nā Lā. Ua hoʻohewa nui ʻia kēia hana e ka mea kākau ʻo Jean Lorrain. A ʻo kahi hopena, huhū loa ʻo Proust a ʻaʻa ʻo ia iā Lorrain i kahi duel i ka hoʻomaka mua o 1897.

ʻO Marcel kahi Anglophile, i hōʻike ʻia i kāna hana. Ma ke ala, ʻo Anglophiles kekahi poʻe i makemake nui i nā mea a pau i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania (ka hana, ka moʻomeheu, nā palapala, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), e hōʻike nei iā ia iho i ka makemake e hoʻohālike i ke ola a me ka noʻonoʻo o ka poʻe Pelekania i kēlā me kēia ʻano.

I ke kenekulia 20 mua, ua hana nui ʻo Proust i ka unuhi ʻana i nā hana Pelekane i ka ʻōlelo Palani. Ma ka moʻolelo o 1904-1906. ua hoʻopuka ʻo ia i nā unuhi o nā puke e ka mea kākau Pelekane a me ka haku mele ʻo John Ruskin - Ka Baibala ʻo Amiens a me Sesame a me nā Lilia.

Manaʻo nā mea kākau moʻolelo o Marcel ua hoʻokumu ʻia kona ʻano e ka hana a nā mea kākau e like me Montaigne, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Stendhal, Flaubert a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I ka makahiki 1908, ua ʻike ʻia nā parodies o kekahi mau mea kākau, na Proust i kākau ʻia, i loko o nā hale paʻi puke like ʻole. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe loea ua kōkua kēia iā ia i ke ʻano o kona kaila.

Ma hope, ua hoihoi ka mea kākau prose i ke kākau ʻana i nā pepa moʻolelo e pili ana i nā kumuhana like ʻole, e pili ana i ka moekolohe. A ʻo ka hana nui naʻe a Proust, ʻo ia ka 7-volume epic "In Search of Lost Time", nāna i lawe iā ia i kaulana i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i loko o kēia puke, ua pili ka mea kākau ma kahi o 2500 mau koa. Aia ma ka mana piha ʻōlelo Lūkia o "Huli" ma kahi o 3500 ʻaoʻao. Ma hope o kona paʻi ʻia ʻana, hoʻomaka kekahi e kāhea iā Marcel ʻo ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻoi loa o ka 20 kenekulia. Loaʻa kēia epic i nā moʻolelo ʻelua aʻe:

"Kahi iā Svan";
"Ma lalo o ke poʻo o nā kaikamahine e mōhala ana";
"I nā Kelemania";
Sodoma a me Gomora;
"Ke Kāpena";
"Holo aku 'ē";
Loaʻa ka Manawa.

He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua ʻike ʻia ka hōʻoia maoli iā Proust ma hope o kona make ʻana, e like me ka manawa pinepine me nā mea akamai. ʻIke ia i ka makahiki 1999 kahi alakaʻi kaiāulu i alakaʻi ʻia ma Palani ma waena o nā mea kūʻai puke.

Ua manaʻo nā mea hoʻonohonoho e ʻike i nā hana 50 maikaʻi loa o ka 20 mau kenekulia. A ʻo kahi hopena, ua kū ʻo Epic's epic "In Search of Lost Time" ma kahi o 2 i kēia papa inoa.

I kēia lā ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Marcel Proust nīnau nīnau" ʻike nui ʻia. I ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia i hala, i nā ʻāina he nui, ua nīnau nā mea hoʻolaha TV i nā nīnau i nā mea kaulana mai kahi nīnau nīnau like. I kēia manawa ke hoʻomau nei ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana a me ka mea hoʻolaha TV ʻo Vladimir Pozner i kēia kuʻuna i ka papahana Pozner.

Ke ola pilikino

ʻAʻole maopopo ka hapa nui i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he kāne kāne ʻo Marcel Proust. No kekahi manawa, loaʻa iā ia kahi hale hoʻokamakama, kahi āna i makemake ai e hoʻolilo i kona manawa leʻaleʻa i ka "kime kāne".

ʻO Albert le Cousier ka luna o kēia keʻena, a ʻo Proust ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia he hihia kāna. Eia hou, ua mahalo ʻia ka mea kākau me ka pili aloha me ka haku mele ʻo Reinaldo An. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke poʻo manaʻo o ke aloha moekolohe ma kekahi mau hana o ka papa hana maʻamau.

ʻO Marcel Proust paha ka mea kākau mua o ia au i ʻaʻa e wehewehe i ka pilina momona ma waena o nā kāne. Ua kālailai nui ʻo ia i ka pilikia o ka moekolohe, ke waiho nei i ka mea heluhelu i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole o ia mau pilina.

Make

I ka hāʻule o 1922, ua loaʻa i ka mea kākau prose ke anu a hāʻule i ka maʻi me ka bronchitis. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, alakaʻi ʻia ka bronchitis i ka niumonia Ua make ʻo Marcel Proust ma Nowemapa 18, 1922 i ka makahiki 51. Ua kanu ʻia ʻo ia i ka ilina kaulana ma Palisa ʻo Pere Lachaise.