Kaulana ka wao akua ʻo Atacama no ka ua nui loa o ka ua: ma kekahi mau wahi ʻaʻole i ua i kekahi mau makahiki he haneli. Kūpono ka mahana ma aneʻi a nui nā noe, akā no ka maloʻo, ʻaʻole waiwai ka flora a me nā holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, ua aʻo ʻia nā poʻe Kile e kūpale i nā mea ʻano ʻē o ko lākou wao nahele, e kiʻi i ka wai a hoʻonohonoho i nā huakaʻi pīhoihoi o nā puʻu one.
Nā ʻano nui o ka wao akua Atacama
Ua lohe ka hapa nui he aha ka mea i kaulana ai ka Atacama, akā ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike i kahi i kū ai ka hemisphere a pehea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai. ʻO ka wahi maloʻo loa o ka Honua e hele ana mai ka ʻākau a i ka hema ma ke komohana o ʻAmelika Hema a ua ʻae ʻia ma waena o ka Moana Pākīpika a me nā Andes. ʻO kēia panalāʻau, me kahi ʻona ʻoi aku ma mua o 105 tausani kilomika kilomika, no Chili a me nā palena ʻo Peru, Bolivia a me Argentina.
ʻOiai ʻo ka wao nahele kēia, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ke aniau he sultry. Kūlike ka mahana a me nā mahana me nā kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Atacama he wao nahele anuanu: i ke kauwela ʻaʻole ia ma mua o 15 kekelē Celsius, a i ka hoʻoilo piʻi ka mahana i kahi awelika o 20 kekelē. Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka ea o ka ea, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe nā aniani i nā kuahiwi. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka mahana i nā manawa like ʻole o ka lā ke kumu o ka noe pinepine, ʻoi aku kēia ʻano o ka hoʻoilo.
Ua hele aʻe ka wao nahele ʻo Chile e hoʻokahi wale nō muliwai ʻo Loa, ke kahe o ka muliwai ma ka ʻaoʻao hema. Mai nā koena o nā kahawai nā koena wale nō i koe, a laila, e like me ka ʻepekema, ʻaʻohe wai i loko o lākou no hoʻokahi haneli a keu kaukani mau makahiki. I kēia manawa he mau moku ʻoasis, kahi e loaʻa mau ai nā mea kanu pua.
Nā kumu no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi wao nahele
ʻO ke kumu o ka Desert Atacama ma muli o ʻelua kumu nui e pili ana i kona wahi. Aia ma ka ʻāina nui he kahakai lōʻihi o nā Andes, kahi e pale ai i ka wai mai ke komo ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā sediment e hoʻokumu i ka Basin Amazon i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma aneʻi. ʻO kahi hapa liʻiliʻi o lākou i kekahi manawa e hōʻea i ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka wao akua, akā ʻaʻole lawa kēia e hoʻonui ai i ka palena ʻāina āpau.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina maloʻo e holoi ʻia e ka Moana Pākīpika, mai kahi e manaʻo ai e loaʻa i ka wai, akā ʻaʻole kēia ma muli o ke au anuanu o Peru. I kēia wahi, hana ʻia kahi hanana e like me ka huli ʻana o ka mahana: ʻaʻole anuanu ka ea me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe, akā lilo i mehana. No laila, ʻaʻole e mahu ka waiū, no laila, ʻaʻohe wahi o ka ua, no ka mea, ua maloʻo nā makani ma aneʻi. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka nele o ka wai i ka wao nahele maloʻo loa, no ka mea, pale ʻia ia mai ka pulu ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.
Flora a me nā holoholona i ka Atacama
ʻO ka nele o ka wai e hoʻolilo i kēia wahi i wahi ʻole, no laila he kakaikahi nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu ʻilihune. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa nā cacti o nā ʻano ʻaneʻane ma nā wahi āpau i kahi maloʻo. Eia kekahi, helu nā ʻepekema he mau kakini ʻano like ʻole, me nā lāhui endemik, no ka laʻana, nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka lāhui Copiapoa.
ʻIke ʻia nā mea kanu like ʻole i nā oasis: ma aneʻi, ma nā moena o nā muliwai maloʻo, ulu nā ʻāpana o nā ululāʻau liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kumulāʻau. Kapa ʻia lākou he gallery a hana ʻia lākou mai nā acacias, cacti a me nā lāʻau mesquite. I waenakonu o ka wao nahele, kahi maloʻo loa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka cacti, a hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā laikini puʻupuʻu a me ka pua ʻana o ka mahi māla.
Loaʻa nā kolone manu piha kokoke i ke kai, kahi i pūnana ma luna o nā pōhaku a loaʻa nā meaʻai mai ke kai. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā holoholona ma aneʻi wale nō i nā wahi noho kanaka, ʻo ia hoʻi, hānai lākou. ʻO nā lāhui kaulana loa ma ka Wao akua ʻo Atacama nā alpacas a me nā llamas, hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka wai waiʻuʻuku.
ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana o ka wao nahele e ke kanaka
ʻAʻole makaʻu nā poʻe Kile i ka nele o ka wai ma Atacama, no ka mea, aia ma mua o hoʻokahi miliona mau kānaka e noho nei ma kāna panalāʻau. ʻOiai, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka e koho i nā oases ma ke ʻano o ko lākou wahi e noho ai, kahi e kūkulu ʻia ai nā kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi, akā ʻo nā wahi maloʻo hoʻi ua aʻo mua lākou e mahi a loaʻa i kahi hōʻiliʻili nui ʻole mai iā lākou. ʻO ka mea nui, mahalo i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoulu, nā ʻōmato, nā kukama, nā ʻoliva e ulu ana ma Atacama.
I loko o nā makahiki o ka noho ʻana i ka wao nahele, ua aʻo ka poʻe i ka hāʻawi ʻana iā lākou iho i ka wai me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ua piʻi aʻe lākou me nā hāmeʻa kū hoʻokahi kahi e lawe ai i ka wai. Ua kapa lākou iā lākou he mau mea hoʻopau mist. Aia ke ʻano o kahi paukū i ʻelua mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe. Aia ka peculiarity i ke ʻano kūloko kahi e waiho ai nā ʻāpana nylon. I ka wā o ka noe, ahu iho nā kulu o ka ona ma luna o lākou, a hāʻule i loko o ka pahu mai lalo. Kōkua nā hāmeʻa e lawe i 18 liters o ka wai hou i kēlā me kēia lā.
Ma mua, a hiki i ka makahiki 1883, no Bolivia kēia ʻāpana, akā ma muli o ke pio ʻana o ka ʻāina i ke kaua, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka wao nahele i ka poʻe Chili. Aia nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i kēia wahi no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waihona mineral waiwai i loko. I kēia lā, kuhi ʻia ke keleawe, ka paʻakai, ka iodine, a me ka borax ma Atacama. Ma hope o ka hoʻolana ʻana o ka wai i nā haneli he mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā loko paʻakai ma ka ʻāina o ka Atacama. I kēia manawa nā wahi kahi e waiho ai nā waihona momona o ka paʻakai pākaukau.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka wao akua Atacama
He mea kupaianaha loa ka Wao akua Atacama i ke ʻano, no ka mea, no ka mea he ʻano like ʻole kona hiki ke hōʻike i nā mea pūʻiwa kamahaʻo ʻole. No laila, ma muli o ka nele o ka wai, ʻaʻole e make nā kupapaʻu ma aneʻi. E maloʻo maoli nā kino make a lilo i mummies. I ka papa o ka noiʻi ʻana i kēia wahi, ʻike pinepine ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā kanu ʻana o nā Indians, nona nā kino i heleleʻi i mau makahiki he mau makahiki i hala.
I ka Mei 2010, ua kū kekahi hanana ʻano ʻē no kēia mau wahi - e hāʻule ana ka hau me ka ikaika i ʻike ʻia nā snowdrift he nui i nā kūlanakauhale, paʻakikī i ka neʻe ʻana ma ke ala. A ʻo kahi hopena, aia nā haunaele i ka hana o nā mea kanu mana a me ka hale nānā. ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike i kēia ʻano hanana ma aneʻi, a ʻaʻole hiki ke wehewehe i kāna mau kumu.
Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e heluhelu e pili ana i ka wao akua ʻo Namib.
Aia ma waenakonu o ka Atacama kahi wahi maloʻo loa o ka wao nahele, i kapa ʻia ka inoa ʻo ke awāwa o ka mahina. Ua hāʻawi ʻia kēlā ʻano hoʻohālikelike iā ia ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā dunes e like me ke kiʻi o ka papa o ka satellite o ka Honua. ʻIke ʻia ua mālama ka kikowaena noiʻi ākea i nā hoʻokolohua o ka rover ma kēia wahi.
Ma kahi kokoke i nā Andes, huli ka wao nahele i kahi pali me kekahi o nā māla geyser nui loa o ka honua. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo El Tatio ma muli o ka hana luaipele o ka Andes a lilo i mea kupaianaha o ka wao akua kū hoʻokahi.
Nā palena ʻāina wao akua o Chile
ʻO ka mea hoʻohihi nui o ka wao nahele ʻo Atacama ka lima o ka pilikua, ʻo ka hapalua e puka mai ana mai nā puʻu one. Kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka lima o ka wao akua. ʻO kāna mea nāna i hana, ʻo Mario Irarrazabal, makemake e hōʻike i ka kōkua ʻole o ke kanaka i ke alo o ke one naueue ʻole o ka wao akua pau ʻole. Aia ka kia hoʻomanaʻo ma hohonu i Atacama, mamao loa mai nā wahi noho. ʻO 11 kona mika ke kiʻekiʻe, a hana ʻia i ka sima ma ke kila kila. ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia kia hoʻomanaʻo i nā kiʻi a i ʻole nā wikiō, no ka mea makemake ʻia e nā poʻe Chile a me nā poʻe kipa o ka ʻāina.
I ka makahiki 2003, ua loaʻa kahi kino maloʻo ʻē ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo La Noria, kahi i haʻalele lōʻihi ʻia e nā kamaʻāina. Wahi a kāna kumukānāwai, ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻano kanaka, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ka loaʻa o ka Atacama Humanoid. I kēia manawa, ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa mau nei e pili ana i kahi i hele mai ai kēia mummy ma ke kūlanakauhale a ʻo wai lā ia.
