ʻO ka hale pule o ka Intercession ma ka Nerl ma ke ʻano he hale kukui keʻokeʻo e piʻi aʻe ma luna o kahi puʻu i hana ʻia e ke kanaka ma luna aʻe o kahi lau nahele i kahe ʻia, me he mea lā e hōʻike ana i ke ala i ka poʻe auwana. Mahalo i kona ʻano ʻāina kū hoʻokahi a me kāna haku kuhikuhipuʻuone, ʻike ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā mea kākau Lūkini ma ʻō aku o ka moku ʻo Vladimir. Mai ka 1992, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka Church of the Intercession on the Nerl i loko o ka UNESCO World Heritage List, a ʻo ka nāhelehele, kahi e kū ai ka luakini ʻo Bogolyubsky, kahi ʻāpana o ka moʻolelo mōʻaukala a me ka ʻāina, kahi mea nui o ka ʻāina.
ʻO nā mea pohihihi o ka puka ʻana o ka hale pule o ka Intercession ma ka Nerl
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka Church of the Intercession on the Nerl piha i nā hemahema a me nā kuhi. Hoʻokahi wale nō mea i ʻike ʻia no kekahi - ma lalo o kahi o ua keiki aliʻi nei i kūkulu ʻia ai ka luakini. Ua kūkulu ʻia kēia mea haku pōhaku keʻokeʻo i ka wā o Prince Andrey Bogolyubsky, ke keiki a Yuri Dolgoruky.
He paʻakikī e inoa i ka makahiki kikoʻī o ke kūkulu ʻana. Hoʻohui ka hapa nui o nā mea mōʻaukala i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka luakini me ka make ʻana o Prince Izyaslav, e like me ka makemake o Prince Andrey e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomanaʻo o kāna keiki. A laila hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka lā o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hale pule 1165. Eia nō naʻe, ʻōlelo nā moʻolelo moʻolelo i kūkulu ʻia ka hale pule "i hoʻokahi kauwela", a ua make ke keiki aliʻi i ka hāʻule. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana no 1166 e like me ka lā o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka luakini a me ke "kauwela hoʻokahi" i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka moʻolelo pilikino o Prince Andrew.
ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa ka manaʻo i kūkulu ʻia ka Church of the Intercession on the Nerl i ka manawa like me ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka monastery ensemble ma Bogolyubovo ma ka huli o 1150-1160. a ʻaʻohe ona pili i ka make ʻana o ke keiki aliʻi. Wahi a kēia mana, mahalo ka hana ʻana o ka luakini i nā Theotokos Hemolele Loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka poʻe o Vladimir i nā kaua me nā Bulgars.
Pili pū ʻia kahi kaʻao me nā Bulgars ka pōhaku, he mea kupaianaha i kona keʻokeʻo, i lawe ʻia mai mai ke aupuni Bulgar, na Andrey Bogolyubsky i hoʻopio. Eia nō naʻe, hōʻole loa nā noiʻi ma hope mai i kēia kuhi: ʻo ka pōhaku i ka ʻaoʻao lanakila o Bulgaria he hue brownish kona a ʻokoʻa loa ia mai ka pōhaku kēpau i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana.
Ua noʻonoʻo nui ʻo Andrei Bogolyubsky i ka ʻahaʻaina o ka Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos. I kāna koi ʻana, ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia ka hale pule hou no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka ʻahaʻaina a nā Theotokos. Mai ia manawa, ua hala ka hoʻohanohano ākea o kēia wā hoʻomaha a hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka luakini Pokrovsky ma kahi o nā kūlanakauhale.
ʻO ka mea huna a nā mea kākau hale
ʻO ka Church of the Intercession on the Nerl ka mea kūpono e ʻike ʻia he kia hoʻomanaʻo no ka pae ʻāina wale nō, akā ka pālākiō hoʻi o ka honua. No nā ʻano laconic āpau, ʻo ia ka laʻana ʻoi loa o ke kaila Lūkini o ka hoʻolālā a lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he canonical i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā hale pule ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole i koho wale ʻia kahi no ke kūkulu ʻana - i ka wā kahiko aia ke kuʻina o nā kahawai kūpikipiki a me nā ala kalepa ʻāina, akā ʻano ʻē, no ka mea, ua kūkulu ʻia ka luakini ma kahi mauʻu i kahe i ka wahi i kahe ai ka Nerl i Klyazma.
ʻO ke kūlana kūikawā e koi ai i kahi ala ʻole i ke kūkulu ʻana. I mea e kū ai ka hale no nā kenekulia, ua hoʻohana nā mea hoʻolālā i kahi hana maʻamau ʻole i ka wā o kāna kūkulu ʻana: ʻo ka mua, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kumu wehe (1.5-1.6 m), a ʻo ka hoʻomau ʻana o nā paia he 4 m ke kiʻekiʻe. A laila ua uhi ʻia kēia ʻano me ka lepo, ua lilo ka puʻu i hoʻokumu ʻia i kumu. no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hale pule. Mahalo i kēia mau hana hoʻopunipuni, ua pale kūleʻa ka hale pule i ka hoʻouka makahiki ʻana o ka wai no nā kenekulia.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi, e like me kekahi mau kiʻi mai nā moʻolelo o ka mōneka, ʻokoʻa loa ke kiʻi kumu o ka hale me ka mea hou. Hōʻoia kēia e nā ʻeliʻeli i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1858 e ka diocesan mea kākau ʻo ʻA.Artleben a i nā makahiki 1950 e N.N. Voronin, he loea kaulana i ke kahua o ka hana kuʻuna Lūkini kahiko. Wahi a kā lākou mau ʻike, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ka hale pule e nā hale hōʻikeʻike vaulted, a hāʻawi ʻia i kona hoʻonaninani me he mea lā i ka hanohano a me ka nani o nā hale kiaʻi Lūkia.
Minamina, ʻo nā inoa o ka poʻe i kūkulu i ka mea hanohano o ka hoʻolālā Lūkini ʻaʻole i ola i ko mākou mau manawa. Ua hoʻokumu wale nā mea mōʻaukala me nā haku Lūkini a me nā mea kākau hale, ua hana pū kekahi nā loea mai Hungary a me Malopolska - hōʻike ʻia kēia e nā hiʻohiʻona Romanesque o ke kāhiko, i hoʻokau pono ʻia ma ke kumu Byzantine.
Ke kāhiko nei ke kāhiko o loko i kāna sophistication. ʻAʻole i ola ke kiʻi kumu, ua nalowale ka hapa nui o lākou i ka hana hou ʻana o ka "barbaric" i ka makahiki 1877, a me ka ʻole o ke alu like pū ʻana me ka diocesan kuhikuhipuʻuone, ua hoʻomaka ʻia e nā luna mōneka. Hoʻohui pū ʻia nā mea hoʻolālā hou a hoʻolālā hou i kekahi me kekahi a hana lākou i ka manaʻo o kahi hoʻokahi.
Aia i ka luakini kona mau hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā ponoʻī: ʻoiai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kūkulu pono ʻia ʻana o nā paia i ke kū pololei, me he mea lā ua huli iki lākou i loko. ʻIke nui ʻia kēia i nā kiʻi i paʻi ʻia i loko o ka hale pule. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia kuhi hewa e nā ʻāpana kūikawā a me nā kia e uhi ana i luna.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻano ʻino o ke kāhiko o ka hale pule ʻo ia nā kiʻi kālai ʻia e hōʻike ana i ka Mōʻī David. ʻO kāna kiʻi ke kikowaena o nā helehelena ʻekolu. Ma waho aʻe o Dāvida, i hōʻike ʻia me ka salāte, hōʻike nā mea kōkua i nā kiʻi kaulua o nā liona a me nā manu nūnū.
Nā Milestones i ka mōʻaukala
ʻO ka hopena o ka Church of the Intercession on the Nerl piha i nā hanana kaumaha. Ma hope o ka make o ka mea mālama o ka luakini, ʻo Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky, i make i ka makahiki 1174, ua lawe pio ʻia ka hale pule e nā hoahānau o ka mōneka. Ua pau ke kālā, a no laila ʻaʻole i kūkulu ʻia ka hale bele, i hoʻolālā mua ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka ensemble kuhikuhipuʻuone.
ʻO ka pōʻino hou aʻe ka luku ʻia ʻo Mongol-Tatar. I ka wā i lawe ai nā Tatar iā Vladimir i ke kenekulia 12, ʻaʻole lākou i nānā i ka hale pule. ʻIke ʻia, hoʻopunipuni ʻia lākou e nā mea hana a me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe o ke kāhiko ʻana, kahi a ke keiki aliʻi i ʻike ʻole ai.
Akā ʻo ka mea pōʻino loa no ka luakini i aneane lilo i 1784, ke pili ia i ka monastery ʻo Bogolyubsk. Ua hele aku ka ʻābota o ka mōneka e luku i ka hale pule pōhaku keʻokeʻo a hoʻohana ia mea i mea kūkulu hale no nā hale mōneka, no laila ua loaʻa iā ia ka ʻae mai ka diocese ʻo Vladimir. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi ʻaelike me ka mea ʻaelike, a i ʻole e nalowale mau loa ke kia hoʻomanaʻo kūkulu hale.
Ua hoʻomaka kahi ola "kapua" ʻole ma ka luakini wale nō ma 1919, iā ia i komo ai i ka mālama o ke koleke kalana ʻo Vladimir no nā hale hōʻikeʻike, ma ke kūlana o kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo o ka hoʻolālā Lūkini kahiko.
I ka makahiki 1923, pau nā lawelawe i loko o ka hale pule a ʻo ia wale nō kahi wahi i hoʻopakele iā ia mai ka luku a me ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i nā makahiki o ka mana Soviet (ʻaʻohe mea hoihoi i ka wahi i ka nāhelehele, kahe mau ka wai) a me ke kūlana o ka hale hōʻikeʻike.
Paipai mākou e nānā i ka Halepule o ka Mea Hoola ma ke Koko Kī.
Mai ka makahiki 1960, ua māhuahua ka mahalo ʻia o ka hale pule mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki, e ʻumeʻume nei i nā mea mākaʻikaʻi a me nā huakaʻi. I ka makahiki 1980, hoʻihoʻi ka poʻe hoʻihoʻi i ka hale pule i kona helehelena kokoke loa i ke kumu i hiki ai, akā hoʻomaka hou ʻia nā lawelawe i nā makahiki 1990 wale nō.
Pehea e hiki ai i laila
Aia ka hale pule o ka Nani ma Nerl ma ke kauhale o Bogolyubovo kokoke i Vladimir. Nui a hewahewa nā ala e hiki ai i ka luakini:
- koho i kekahi o nā huakaʻi he nui i hāʻawi ʻia i nā keʻena huakaʻi ʻo Vladimir, Moscow a me nā kūlanakauhale nui ʻē aʻe.
- hoʻohana i ka halihali lehulehu. Hele nā kaʻa ʻōhua # 18 a i # 152 mai Vladimir i Bogolyubov.
- kū kaʻawale i ke kaʻa, nā kaʻina GPS o ka hale pule: 56.19625.40.56135. Mai Vladimir ʻoe e hele i ke ala o Nizhny Novgorod (ke alanui M7). Ma hope o ka hala ʻana i ka monastery ʻo Bogolyubsky, huli hema i ke kahua kaʻaahi, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke haʻalele i kāu kaʻa.
ʻO nā koho āu e koho ai, mākaukau e hele wāwae ma kahi o 1.5 km hou aʻe. ʻAʻohe puka o ka heiau. I ka wā o ke kahawai wai, piʻi ka wai i mau mika a hiki i ka moku wale nō ke kiʻi ʻia: no kahi uku liʻiliʻi, hāʻawi nā mea holo waʻa enterprising kūloko i kēia lawelawe.
Eia nō naʻe, no ka nui o kāu mau hana i ka huakaʻi, ke nānā wale aku nei i ka luakini keʻokeʻo hau keʻokeʻo, e piʻi pono ana ma luna o ka ʻili o ka muliwai, e hoʻopiha i kou ʻuhane me ka maluhia a hoʻopiha i kou ikaika. ʻO kahi wehewehe kikoʻī e pili ana i ke ala a me ka papa kuhikuhi o nā lawelawe i hiki ke loaʻa ma ka pūnaewele o ka dizese ʻo Vladimir-Suzdal, nona ka luakini i kēia manawa.
I kēia manawa ʻaʻole ia he wahi huakaʻi no ka poʻe manaʻoʻiʻo, aloha nui ka ʻāina kiʻi i nā mea pena kiʻi a me nā mea paʻi kiʻi. I ka wā o nā kahawai, hoʻopuni ʻia ka hale pule e ka wai ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau, kahi e nānā maoli ai i ka waena o ka muliwai. ʻO nā kiʻi i kiʻi ʻia i ka wanaʻao e nānā kupaianaha loa, ke hana ka noe ma luna o ka muliwai i kahi aura hou o ka mea pohihihi.
