ʻO ka haku mele, ka mea unuhi, ka mea kākau moʻolelo a me ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Joseph Brodsky (1940 - 1996) i hānau ʻia a hānai ʻia i ka Soviet Union, akā ua lilo ka hapa nui o kona ola makua i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO Brodsky ka mea kākau o ka poety mele (i ka Lūkia), nā moʻolelo kākau maikaʻi loa (ʻo ka hapanui ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania) a me nā hana o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. I ka makahiki 1987, ua lanakila 'o ia i ka Nobel Prize for Literature. I ka 1972, ua koi ʻia ʻo Brodsky e haʻalele i ka USSR no nā kumu politika. ʻAʻole like me nā malihini ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻi ka haku mele i kona ʻāina hānau ʻoiai ma hope o nā loli politika. ʻO ka hana hoʻomāinoino i ka nūpepa a me ka hoʻopaʻi o ka hale paʻahao no ka parasitism i omo ʻia i waho o kona manamana lima i waiho i kahi ʻeha hohonu i loko o kona puʻuwai. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i lilo ka neʻe ʻana i wahi pōʻino no Brodsky. Ua hoʻopuka maikaʻi ʻo ia i kāna mau puke, ua ola ke ola maikaʻi a ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia e ka nostalgia. Eia kekahi mau ʻike i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai nā nīnauele a me nā moʻolelo mai Brodsky a i ʻole kāna mau hoa aloha.
1. Ma kāna ʻae ʻana, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Brodsky e kākau i nā mele i ka makahiki 18 (ua haʻalele ʻo ia i ke kula i ka makahiki 16). Ua paʻi ʻia kāna mau mele ʻelua i ka manawa i huli ai ka mea kākau i 26. I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ua paʻi ʻia he 4 mau hana a ka haku mele i ka USSR.
2. ʻAʻole i hana kolohe ʻo Brodsky i nā hana kūʻē politika a i ʻole nā hana civic - ua luhi ʻo ia. Hiki iā ia ke noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kekahi mau mea, akā ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia e hoʻomaka i nā hana kikoʻī.
3. ʻO nā mea haku mele punahele a ka haku mele ʻo Haydn, Bach a me Mozart. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Brodsky e hoʻokō i ka māmā o Mozart i ka mele, akā ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka manaʻo i nā mele i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā mele, ua like nā mele me he keiki lā, a ua hoʻōki ka haku mele i kēia mau hoʻāʻo.
4. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Brodsky e kākau i nā mele i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, eia naʻe, no ka leʻaleʻa. Ma hope o kekahi mau hana, ʻaʻole hele ka mea.
5. Kuhi ʻia ka Censorship, kahi hopena maikaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻōlelo metaphorical kikoʻī a me nā mele ma ka laulā. I ke kumu, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Brodsky, ʻaʻohe mana o ke aupuni politika i nā palapala Soviet.
6. I ka USSR, ʻoiai e hana ana ma ke ʻano he kanaka hulihonua, ua huakaʻi ʻo Brodsky i nā wahi he nui o ka Soviet Union, mai Siberia a me ka Hikina Hema a i Central Asia. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻoweliweli o ka mea noiʻi e hoʻokuke aku iā ia, kahi i hoʻokuke ʻole ai ʻo Makar i nā keiki bipi, a ʻakaʻaka maila ʻo Brodsky.
7. Ua loaʻa kahi hanana ʻē loa i ka makahiki 1960. Ua hele ʻo Brodsky 20 makahiki a me kāna hoa aloha ʻo Oleg Shakhmatov e kāʻili i kahi mokulele mai USSR iā ʻIrani ma mua o ke kamaʻilio ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana i nā likiki no ka lele, ʻaʻole i hele kēia mea (ua hoʻopau wale ʻia ke kukuna), akā ma hope ua haʻi aku ʻo Shakhmatov i nā luna mālama kānāwai e pili ana i kā lākou hoʻolālā. No kēia hanana, ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia ʻo Brodsky i ka hoʻokolokolo, akā i ka hoʻokolokolo ua hoʻomanaʻo lākou iā ia ma nā kumu o ka parasitism.
8. ʻOiai ʻo Brodsky he Iudaio a ua ʻeha ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa ma ke kula, aia ʻo ia i loko o ka hale hālāwai hoʻokahi manawa wale nō i kona ola, a ʻoiai ua ona ʻo ia.
9. Makemake ʻo Brodsky i ka vodka a me ka whiskey mai nā mea inu ʻona, he ʻano maikaʻi i ka cognac a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻānai i nā waina maloʻo māmā - no ka ʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau.
10. Ua maopopo leʻa i ka haku mele ua ʻike ʻo Yevgeny Yevtushenko e pili ana i ka manaʻo o nā mana Soviet e kipaku iā ia mai kahi hoʻomoana i hoʻokahi mahina. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i haʻi aku ka haku mele kaulana i kāna hoa e pili ana i kēia. Ua ʻike ʻo Brodsky iā Yevtushenko ma ke ʻano he wahaheʻe e pili ana i ka ʻike o ka mele, a ʻo Andrei Voznesensky ma ke ʻano he wahaheʻe i kāna moʻomeheu. I ka manawa i ʻae ʻia ai ʻo Yevtushenko i ka American Academy, ua haʻalele ʻo Brodsky iā ia.
11. ʻO anti-Semitism i ka USSR i ʻōlelo nui ʻia ma waena o nā mea kākau a me nā mea noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ʻo Brodsky e hui anti-Semites ma waena o ka poʻe hana.
12. Noʻeono mau mahina ua hoʻolimalimaʻo Brodsky i kahi dacha kokoke i Leningrad ma Komarovo kokoke i ka hale kahi i noho ai ʻo Anna Akhmatova. ʻAʻole i haʻi ʻia e ka mea haku mele i kāna mau ipo aloha no ka wahine haku mele nui, akā ua kamaʻilio ʻo ia e pili ana iā ia me ka mehana hōʻoluʻolu.
13. I ka make ʻana o Anna Akhmatova i ka makahiki 1966, ua mālama ʻo Joseph Brodsky i kona hoʻolewa - hōʻole kāna kāne ʻaʻole e komo i kā lākou hui.
14. Nui nā wahine i ko Brodsky ola, akā ʻo Marina Basmanova ka mea i koe. Ua haki lākou i ka USSR ma 1968, akā, e noho nei i USA, hoʻomanaʻo mau ʻo Brodsky iā Marina. I kekahi lā ua launa ʻo ia me kahi mea kākau nūpepa Dutch e like loa me Marina, a noi koke iā ia. Ua hele pū ʻo Iosepa i Holland no kahi kope o Marina, akā hoʻi ʻo ia me ka hoʻohoka - he aloha aloha kā kā Marina-2, a he mea aloha kaiaulu pū kekahi.
Marina Basmanova
15. "ʻAʻole hakahaka kahi wahi hoʻāno," i hana ai ʻo Brodsky i ka nūhou ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo ia mai ka hale paʻahao i ka lā like i hoʻolaha ʻia ai ka hopu ʻana iā Sinyavsky lāua ʻo Daniel.
16. I loko o nā makahiki, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Iosepa e kākau i nā nalo iki i nā mele. Inā ma nā 1970s mai lalo o kāna peni 50-60 mau hana i paʻi ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a i 10 mau makahiki ma kahi o 10-15.
17. Ua kāhea ʻo Marshal GK Zhukov Brodsky i ka ʻulaʻula ʻo Mohican, me ka manaʻo ʻo ka hoʻolauna ʻia ʻana o nā pahu wai iā Moscow e Zhukov i ke kauwela o 1953 i pale ai i ka hoʻokahuli aupuni i hāpai ʻia e LP Beria.
18. Hoʻopili ʻo Brodsky i ka wikiwiki o kona haʻalele ʻana mai ka USSR me ke kipa hou ʻana o ka pelekikena ʻAmelika i ka ʻāina. I ka Soviet Union, i ka pō o ka hōʻea ʻana o Richard Nixon, ua hoʻāʻo wikiwiki lākou e lawe i nā mea hauʻoli ʻole āpau mai ka pae.
19. Ma Nu Ioka, aloha aku ka mea haku mele i ka meaʻai Kina a me ʻInia. I ka manawa like, ua manaʻo ʻo ia i ka lehulehu o nā hale ʻaina Georgian a me Armenian ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa he mau mea like ʻole o ka ʻaina ʻEulopa kuʻuna.
20. Ua komo ʻo Brodsky i kahi pakele i USA o ka mea hula kinipōpō kaulana ʻo Alexander Godunov (ma hope ua lilo ʻo Godunov i mea hoʻokani kaulana). Hāʻawi ka mea haku mele i ka mea hulahula me ka puʻuhonua i ka hale o kekahi o kona mau hoaloha, a laila kōkua iā ia i ke kūkākūkā ʻana me kāna wahine ʻo Elena, ka mea i ālai ʻia e nā luna US ma ke kahua mokulele. Kennedy, a i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā palapala ʻAmelika e Godunov. Lele maluhia ʻo Lyudmila Vlasova i kona ʻāina hānau, kahi i lilo ai i choreographer i ʻimi ʻia, nāna i hoʻokumu i nā hulahula no nā hōkū heʻe he nui. Ke ola nei nō ʻo Elena Iosifovna. Ua make ʻo Godunov i ka waiʻona mau i nā makahiki he 16 ma hope o kona pakele ʻana i United States.
ʻO Alexander Godunov lāua ʻo Lyudmila Vlasova. Mau pū ...
21. Ua hana ka poʻi i ʻoki poepoe ʻelua. Ua hoʻololi ʻia kona mau kīʻaha koko ma kahi kokoke i kona puʻuwai, a ʻo ka lua o ka hana ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka mea mua. A, ʻoiai, ua inu ʻo Brodsky i ka kofe a hiki i nā lā hope o kona ola, puhi paka, haehae i ka kānana, a inu ʻalekohola.
22. Ke hoʻoholo nei e haʻalele i ka puhipaka, ua huli ʻo Brodsky i ke kauka-hypnotist ʻo Joseph Dreyfus. Kūleʻa nui kēlā ʻano loea ma USA no kā lākou lawelawe. ʻAʻohe o Dreyfus. Ua kākau mua ʻo Joseph i kahi hōʻoia no $ 100, a ma ia manawa wale nō i hoʻomaka ai ke kau. Ua hoʻohauʻoli ʻo ke kilokilo kilokilo a ke kauka iā Brodsky, a ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hāʻule i kahi moe hypnotic. Ua huhū iki ʻo Dreyfus, a laila ʻōlelo he mana ikaika loa ka mea maʻi. ʻAʻole hoʻi i hoʻi ke kālā. Ua piʻoloke ʻo Brodsky: he aha ka mea ikaika e hiki i kahi kanaka hiki ʻole ke haʻalele i ka puhipaka?
23. No kekahi mau makahiki i ka lālani, ua hoʻolauleʻa ʻo Brodsky i ka Kalikimaka ma Venice. Ua lilo kēia i ʻano hoʻomana nona. Ua kanu ʻia ʻo ia i kēia kūlanakauhale Italia. ʻAʻole kolohe ke aloha no ʻItalia - ʻoiai i ka wā Leningrad o kona ola, ua pili pili ka poeta me ka poʻe ʻItalia i aʻo ʻia ma Leningrad i ke kula puka puka. ʻO Gianni Buttafava a me kāna hui i hoʻokumu i ke aloha i ka haku mele Lūkia iā ʻItalia. Kanu ʻia ka lehu o Brodsky ma Venice.
24. ʻO ka hoʻolaha o ka makana o ka Nobel Prize in Literature i loaʻa iā Brodsky ma Ladana i ka ʻaina awakea me ka haku mele ʻelele kaulana ʻo John Le Carré.
25. Ma ka kinipōpō Nobel Prize 1987, ua hulahula ʻo Brodsky me ka mōʻī wahine Kuekene.
26. Ua manaʻo ʻo Brodsky ʻaʻole pono e hauʻoli kahi mea haku mele koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻokau ʻana i kāna mau huaʻōlelo i ke mele. ʻOiai mai ka pepa, paʻakikī paʻakikī e haʻi i ka ʻike o kahi hana mele, a ʻoiai ke hoʻokani pū ʻia nei ke mele i ka wā o ka hana waha ...
27. Ma ka liʻiliʻi ma waho, he mea hoʻohenehene loa ʻo Brodsky e pili ana i kona kaulana. Kāhea ʻo ia i kāna mau hana he "stishats". ʻO nā haumāna ʻAmelika wale nō i kāhea iā ia ma ka inoa a me ka patronymic, e makemake ana e pāʻani i kahi hana ma ka polopeka. Ua kapa ka poʻe āpau a puni iā ia i ka poeta i ka inoa, a ʻo ia nō hoʻi e koʻikoʻi mau i ka mea nui o nā mea hana o ka wā i hala, e kāhea ana iā lākou ʻo "Alexander Sergeich" (Pushkin) a i ʻole Fyodor Mikhalych ("Dostoevsky).
28. hīmeni maikaʻi loa ʻo Brodsky. Ma USA, i nā hui liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole hīmeni iki ʻo ia - ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia kona kūlana. Akā i loko o ka hale ʻaina "Lūkini Samovar", ka mahele a ka mea haku mele, ua kiʻi ʻo ia i kekahi manawa i kahi microphone, hele i ka piano a mele i kekahi mau mele.
29. I ka manawa ma ke ʻano he Nobel laureate, ua ʻimi ʻo Brodsky i hale (ma ke keʻena i hala, me ke ʻano aʻoaʻo ʻole a kona mau hoalauna, ua hoʻopukapuka ʻo ia i mau kaukani mau kālā i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, a ua hoʻopakele ʻia ʻo ia ma ke alanui i ka manawa kūpono mua). Ua makemake ʻo ia i kekahi o nā keʻena ʻaʻole mamao mai ka hale ma mua. ʻAʻole manaʻo iki ka inoa "Joseph Brodsky" i ka mea ʻona, a ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e nīnau iā Iosepa inā he hana uku paʻa kāna, e hoʻolei ana ʻo ia i nā pāʻina walaʻau, a pēlā aku. Ua pane ʻo Brodsky i nā monosyllable, a ua hoʻoholo ka konohiki e hoʻopaʻa i kahi uku hoʻolimalima nona - 1,500 kālā, a pono ʻoe e uku no ʻekolu mau mahina i ka manawa hoʻokahi. Ke hoʻomākaukau nei e hoʻolimalima, hoʻohilahila nui ka mea nona ka wā i kākau koke ai ʻo Brodsky iā ia i kahi kikoʻī. Me ka manaʻo hewa, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka mea nona ka hale i ka puka o Brodsky, ka mea i huhū ai ka malihini - i ka lepo a me nā ʻupena, ua hoʻomanaʻo ka hale hou iā ia i nā hale kahiko o ʻEulopa.
30. I loko o nā makahiki 1990, iā Brodsky i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā makana e hoʻi i kona ʻāina hānau, ua paʻi kiʻi kahi kamaʻāina i ka puka komo ma St. Petersburg kahi i noho ai ka haku mele. Ua kālai ʻia kahi kahakaha ma ka paia e noho ana ka haku mele Lūkia nui ʻo Brodsky i loko o ka hale. Ma luna o nā huaʻōlelo "kākau mele Lūkia" i kākau wiwo ʻole ʻia "Iudaio". ʻAʻole i hiki mai ka mea haku mele i Lūkia ...
