I ka makahiki 1893, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Swami Vivekananda, he yogi ʻauana, nāna i hāpai i kāna mau aʻo a me ka Hindu ma ka lehulehu, i ka World Parliament of Religions ma Kikako. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole maʻa ke Komohana ma mua o Vivekananda i nā manaʻo India. ʻO nā moʻolelo e pili ana i nā fakirs a me nā yogis, e hana nei i nā hana mana maoli, i ʻike ʻia ma ka Honua Komohana no 200 mau makahiki i hala aku nei. A aia kekahi manaʻo no ka Hindu a me yoga - ʻo Arthur Schopenhauer i kākau e pili ana iā lākou. Eia naʻe, ma mua o Vivekananda, mālama ʻia nā yogis ma ke ʻano he exotic mamao a hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia.
Hoʻomaka ka hoʻolaha lehulehu ʻana o yoga me Vivekananda. I kēia manawa he ʻumi mau miliona mau kānaka a puni ka honua e komo i loko. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Yoga he mea hana mālama kino kupaianaha a me kahi aʻo e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hōʻea i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻuhane kiʻekiʻe. Ua komo pū ʻo Yoga i loko o ka Soviet Union ma mua o ke kaua, me he mea lā ua paʻa paʻa ʻia no nā ʻelele pseudo-haipule haole. ʻO kahi laʻana, i loko o ka puke e I. Ilf a me E. Petrov "mau noho he 12" ʻo ka mea nui ʻo Ostap Bender he pelaha o kahi yogi India i loko o ka waihona o ka mea ʻaihue. ʻO Bender iho, ua lilo i waiwai, hele i kahi yoga, e holoholo ana i ka Soviet Union ma Moscow - makemake ʻo Bender e ʻike i ke ʻano o ke ola.
He mea nui ka ʻaoʻao ʻuhane i ka paipai ʻana i ka yoga. ʻO nā haʻuki kuʻuna a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino, me nā hoʻokoe kākaʻikahi, i waho e like me ka hoʻoikaika manaʻo ʻole. E hoʻomanaʻo kākou i ka pōpeku me ka sacramental “22 mau kāne e holo nei ma hope o hoʻokahi pōpō”, ka mokomoko, ka hakakā, a ʻo ka holo pū kekahi - he hana kēia na nā loafers ma ka hewa I ka yoga, ʻoiai ke koʻikoʻi nui ʻole i ka wahaheʻe, a me ka hoʻāʻo e lawe i kahi kū i ka hilinaʻi wale ma ka lae, kahi ala i ka mālamalama, i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mana ʻuhane.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka yoga o kēia ao ka mea ma mua o kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā hoʻoikaika kino, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa paʻakikī loa, lawe mai i nā mea aʻo a me nā ʻona kula i kahi loaʻa kālā maikaʻi loa. A ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia inā ʻo ia kekahi mea ma mua. Ua nalowale nā palapala, ua hala ka hoʻoilina, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia nā palapala. Aia kekahi mau kaʻao e pili ana i nā yogis i noho ʻōpio no nā makahiki he haneli, nā wehewehe ʻana o nā asana i ka wehewehe ʻana i nā gurus o kēia ao. ʻAʻole wale ia, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa ua hiki ke palekana ʻole nā papa yoga.
1. Hoʻokumu nā kānaka noiʻi i ka hōʻike mua o yoga 2,500 BC. e Hoʻokumu ʻia ka launa pū ʻana ma nā kiʻi ma kahi "kahi kiʻi pepeiaohao, i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā holoholona, e noho ana i loko o kahi posic yogic." ʻOiaʻiʻo, hoʻopiʻi ka poʻe noiʻi ʻē aʻe i ia ʻano wehewehe a hoʻohālikelike i ka lā o ka puka ʻana o yoga kokoke i ko mākou manawa. I ke kenekulia III BC. ua kākau ʻia ka Shvetashvatara Upanishad. Ua hana ʻē kēia lima me ka kaohi hanu, ka noʻonoʻo o ka noʻonoʻo, ke akeakamai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, e waiho ana kēia mau lā kahiko ma ka mokuna India, inā ʻaʻole no ka ʻelua o ka hoihoi i ka yoga.
ʻO kēia kumu, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike, he papa yoga i mau makahiki i hala.
2. ʻO ka piʻi mua o ka hoihoi i ka yoga i hoʻonāukiuki iā ʻEulopa i ka kenekulia 19, i ka manawa a Schopenhauer i ʻōlelo ai. Ua ʻike ka Pelekania ua hala lākou i kā lākou kolone ponoʻī, holo wikiwiki e noiʻi i yoga ma India, e koho ana i nā nihi ʻeleʻele a me nā alakaʻi alanui ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ke manaʻo nei i kēia kenekulia i India i hōʻea i ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ka mālamalama - make i ka pōloli - ma kahi o 40 miliona mau kānaka, ʻo ka hoihoi o nā ʻepekema Pelekane i yoga e like me ke ʻano olakino olakino ke nānā aku. ʻO kekahi ala a i ʻole ʻē aʻe, ua lilo nā huaʻōlelo "asana", "prana" a me "chakra" i mea maʻalahi i loko o ʻEulopa.
He paʻakikī kēlā mau kiʻi e hoʻohana e paipai i ka yoga ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai.
3. Ua hoʻomaka ka lua o ka mahalo ʻia o yoga i nā makahiki 1950 a hoʻomau a hiki i kēia lā. Kāhea ʻia ʻo ia e nā hōkū o ka ʻoihana hōʻike, nā mea hoʻomakee a me nā buffoons i lilo i poʻe mahalo ʻia. Ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II, ua nele ka poʻe ʻōpio i ka hānai ʻana e hoʻomaopopo a ʻike i nā hoʻomana kuʻuna; ua hala nā manaʻo akeakamai iā lākou ma muli o ka nele i ke aʻo. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻololi ʻia, e like me ka mele ʻana o ka mea kahiko, ua "hoʻokumu ʻo Hindus i kahi hoʻomana maikaʻi." Hiki i nā Baibala mānoanoa a me nā ʻelele e moe i nā papa - e wehewehe ke kumu i nā mea āpau a pōkole loa. ʻO ke aʻo o ka hoʻolōʻihi ola i loko o ke kumuhana - ʻo ia ka poʻe i hoʻokumu paʻa ʻia ma mua o ka makahiki waena e moemoeā nei e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola, he kālā kā lākou e uku ai no nā papa a me ka mana e hāpai i ka yoga i ka lehulehu. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻolaha ʻana ʻo Yoga i nā ʻāina o ka lāhui Komohana e like me kahi ahi ahi.
Ua hana nui nā hōkū Pop i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o yoga, e hoʻomaka ana me nā Beatles
4. ʻAʻohe wehewehe maopopo o ka yoga. Ma ka hapanui, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he hui pū kēia o nā hana, ma ke kino a me ka ʻuhane, e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻuhane a me ke kino. Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano hana e like me ia, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo i kahi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a ʻoi paha ka pololei. Inā kūleʻa ʻole, e hoʻopiʻi ʻia ka haumāna, ʻaʻole kāna kumu.
5. He ʻoihana koʻikoʻi ʻo Yoga. Ma USA, ʻoi aku ka loaʻa kālā o ka ʻoihana yoga i $ 30 biliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia kekahi, e like me ka mau ma ʻAmelika, ʻaʻole loaʻa ka loaʻa kālā mai ka uku ʻana no nā papa wale nō. Hana ʻia a kūʻai ʻia aku nā lole haʻuki, nā kāmaʻa, nā mea hoʻohana, a me nā kiʻi o ka poʻe i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. I Lūkia, loaʻa ka loaʻa kālā mai yoga ma 45-50 biliona rubles. ʻO nā kālā nui e ʻae i kekahi e hoʻopukapuka koʻikoʻi i ka propaganda yoga. A maʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ke ʻimi nei nā ʻoihana inikua e uku no nā papa yoga. Aia nā mea noiʻi kūʻokoʻa, aia nō ma laila: e like me kā lākou ʻike, hōʻemi nā papa yoga i nā kipa haukapila e 43%.
Nā papa ma ke kula yoga ma USA. Hoʻokahi haʻawina ma lalo o $ 25
6. Wahi a nā helu helu i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e kahi hui ʻepekema a me nā haumāna ma ke Kulanui o Alabama, alakaʻi ʻia e Rick Swain, aia he 17 mau hōʻeha koʻikoʻi ma 100,000 mau yoga yoga i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka hōʻuluʻulu, ua ʻike nā hui balota o Swain i nā makahiki he 14 i hala o ke kenekulia 21, ʻoi aku ma mua o 30,000 mau ʻAmelika i hana i ka yoga i hōʻeha ʻia. He ʻano mahalo ko Swain iā yoga, akā ʻae ʻo ia he mea kūpono ka yoga no nā kānaka olakino maʻamau. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla i kekahi mea, waiho wale ʻia mai kahi ʻeha a maʻi paha, me ke kōkua o nā hana yoga.
7. ʻO kekahi o nā yogis kaulana loa, ʻo Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, i make i ka maʻi kanesa ʻāʻī ma muli o nā ʻāʻī mau i nā makahiki he 50. ʻO nā ʻike ʻē aʻe mai kāna puke moʻomanaʻo pilikino ʻaʻole aʻoi aku i ke aʻo. I kona wā kamaliʻi, ua loaʻa iā ia ka kaulana i waena o kāna mau hoa, e wehewehe nei iā lākou ke aʻo wale nei ke kula i ka loaʻa kālā, a ʻo ka ʻike kula ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i ka mālamalama. I ka wā o ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana i kapa ʻia ka Ceremony of Putting on the Sacred Cord, ua makemake ʻo Ramakrishna e ʻae i ka meaʻai mai nā lima o kahi wahine caste haʻahaʻa, a aneane he kapu. I ke ʻano makua makua, ua hōʻoia ka guru, me kahi kaikuaʻana, i kahi wahine waiwai e kūkulu i kahi wahi luakini. Eia kekahi, ua lilo ko kaikuaʻana ʻo Ramakrishna i kahuna nui o kēia luakini. Ua maʻi nui ke kaikunāne a hoʻomaha loa. Ua kū ʻo Ramakrishna Paramahamsa i kona hakahaka a ma hope o kekahi manawa ua hoʻomālamalama loa ʻia ʻo ia a male i kahi kaikamahine 7 makahiki, a kapa ʻia ka inoa ʻo ka makuahine o ke ao holoʻokoʻa. I loko o kahi mau, e like me ka kākau ʻana o nā biographers, aia kahi pilina akua mau.
8. Mai ke kuanaʻike o ke aʻo kino, he hana ʻo yoga wale no nā kānaka olakino loa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma kahi o kekahi poʻe i loaʻa ke olakino maikaʻi loa ma muli o kekahi hoʻoikaika kino ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka Honua e loaʻa hou i ka olakino ka olakino hao. Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā mea aloha o ka hoʻohālikelike ma ke ʻano he laʻana me nā centenarians Caucasian. ʻO ko lākou olakino, i ka nānā mua ʻana, ua wehewehe ʻia e nā meaʻai olakino. ʻO ka nui o kaʻiʻo, nā mea kanu, ka palaoa hū ʻole, ka waina meaola, a pēlā aku. Noho ma ia papaʻai a ola i hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki. Auē, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ia ʻano papaʻai no kahi kamaʻāina o ke kūlanakauhale hou. Pono e hui ʻia me ka wai, ka ea, ka nohona kuʻuna a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe. I ke ala like, ʻaʻole i loko o yoga ka hoʻoikaika kino kino paʻakikī wale nō, akā ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻuhane a me ka kaohi o ka holo o ka ikehu. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hana e nānā wale i ka asana. A ʻo lākou, ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa loa i nā hana hoʻoikaika kino hoʻoikaika kino.
9. I loko o ka wā o ka noho kolone ʻana o ʻEnelani, ʻo nā yogis, i kapa ʻia i kekahi manawa he yogis, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia mai kekahi ʻohana kaua, e noho ana e like me ke kiaʻi kiaʻi o nā kaʻa kalepa, i nā mea i pāpā ʻole ʻia e lawe i nā mea kaua a kū ʻōlohelohe i nā alanui. I ke kenekulia 19, nele i kekahi ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopiha nā yogis i nā alanui o nā kūlanakauhale India, e hōʻike ana i nā kūlana kupaianaha a lākou e hana ai i ka hoʻomākaukau no nā pilikia koa. Ua mālama ka poʻe ʻEulopa a me ka hapa nui o nā Indians iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokalakupua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, inā ʻaʻole he kekeʻe.
ʻO ka'ōlohelohe o nā yogis ka mea i hana mau i ka haʻalulu i waena o ko ʻEulopa
10. Hōʻike ka puke wehewehe ʻōlelo ʻo "Hatha Yoga Pradipika" i nā kikoʻī i nā ʻanuʻu e pono ai a me nā pae e kū ai ma ke ala i ka ʻōpio mau a me ka mālamalama nui. Wahi a ka mea kākau o ka puke kuikahi, hiki ke loaʻa ka mālamalama a me ka ʻōpio ma ka ale ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ke kiko a laila hoʻoneʻe iā lākou, a laila hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻohui ʻia, maikaʻi ke hoʻohuʻu i ka wai a hiki i ka piko, ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka lāʻau ʻohe i ka piko. Aia he ʻumikūmālua mau "ʻano hoʻoikaika kino" i kēia a me nā kuʻikahi like. Pono e mahalo ka poʻe ukali yoga o kēia au i kekahi o kāna mea hoʻolaha nui ma ke Komohana, Krishnamacharya a me kāna mau haumāna. Na lākou nō i hoʻokumu i ke kahua o ka yoga o ke Komohana hou, e koho ana mai nā hana kuʻuna kahiko e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hana i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻolaha lehulehu. No laila he mea lapuwale ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā hana a nā yogis i kēia manawa e like me ke ʻano o ka millennial wisdom. Ua haku ʻia kēia naʻauao ma ka waena loa - ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19. ʻOi aku ka ʻōpio o ka nui o nā ʻōlelo aʻo yoga.
11. ʻO kekahi o nā haku yoga kaulana a waiwai loa hoʻi, ʻo B.K.Iyengar, ke ala i ʻEulopa a me ka ʻoihana nui e ka mea hoʻokani pila kaulana ʻo Yehudi Menuhin. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i nā hana mua a Iyengar ma ʻEulopa, a ma hope ua lilo ʻo ia i kumu i ʻike ʻia. Ua paʻi ʻo Iyengar i kekahi mau puke i lilo i mau puke maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka helu o kāna mau haumāna aia i loko o nā kaukani. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia no ka haki ʻana i ka iwi kuamoo o kekahi o kāna mau haumāna ʻoi loa, ʻo Viktor van Kutten, i ke kaʻina o ka wehe ʻana i kona kua i luna.
B. Iyengar
12. Ma Malaki 2019, ua hana ʻo ʻAmelike Rebeka Lee, ka mea e hana nei i ka yoga mai ka makahiki 1996 a me ka blog ʻana ma Instagram, a kū i kahi lima paʻakikī a ma hope ua manaʻo ʻo ia ʻaʻole maikaʻi. I ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia ʻoiai e hana ana i ka hoʻoikaika kino, ua hōʻino ʻo Rebeka i kahi aʻa e hāʻawi i ke koko i ka lolo, a ua loaʻa ʻo ia i ka maʻi hahau. Ma hope o ka lāʻau, ua ʻoi aku kona maikaʻi. Hoʻomau ʻo Rebeka i kāna mau papa yoga, akā i kēia manawa ʻike mau ʻo ia i ka ʻūlū ʻana i kona lima, ua ʻeha ʻo ia i ka migraines nui a ʻaʻole hiki ke kamaʻilio no ka manawa lōʻihi.
Hoʻomau ʻo Rebeka Lee i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana iā yoga me ka maʻi ahulau
13. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka poeta, hoʻokalakupua, hoʻokalakupua ʻeleʻele a me Satanist Aleister Crowley ma lalo o ka inoa o Mahatma Guru Sri Paramahamsa Shivaji. Wahi a nā poʻe pā yoga ʻē aʻe, ua maopopo ʻo Crowley i kona ʻano a maopopo a ʻike i kekahi mau asana. Ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi moʻolelo e pili ana i ka yoga i kapa ʻia ʻo "Berashit" a ua wehewehe ʻo ia i kāna ʻano iā Raja Yoga.
Ua hoʻomana ʻo Aleister Crowley ma mua o kā Sātana
14. "Sex Guru" Bhagavan Shri Radnish, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ʻike ʻia ʻo Osho, hana i ka moekolohe pūʻulu me ka asanas a me ka noʻonoʻo. Wahi a kāna aʻo ʻana, pono i ke kanaka e hoʻohui i ka moekolohe a me ka ʻuhane. ʻO nā hoʻomana i kūhewa i ka moekolohe manuahi, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Osho "nā hoʻomana i kapa ʻia", a ua kapa ʻo ia i ka moekolohe "ka noʻonoʻo nui." ʻOiai ʻo kāna kauka ponoʻī ma hope o kona kipaku ʻia ʻana, i kūʻē i nā loina olakino, i kapa ʻia ʻo Osho he wahine maniac. Ua make ʻo Osho i ka makahiki 1990 i ka makahiki 58. ʻO ke kumu o ka make ʻo ka hōʻeha puʻuwai. Eia kekahi, ua ʻeha ka guru wahine i ka hānō a me ka maʻi kō.
ʻO nā mea ʻoi aku, me nā mea moekolohe, ʻaʻole i lawe mai iā Bhagavan Shri Radnish i kahi maikaʻi
15. Ke hoʻohana nei nā kauka i ka US i ka diagnose kulu wāwae yoga. I kēia kau, kāhea lākou i nā ʻeha like ʻole i nā wāwae i loaʻa i ka wā o yoga. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine kēia o nā pinching āpau o nā aʻalolo a me nā olonā, e kū nei ma muli o ke kūlana kūlohelohe. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike paha nā mea hana yoga i nā pilikia kahe ma ka lolo ma muli o nā ʻāʻī kūlohelohe ʻole i hana ʻia ma yoga. ʻAʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia nā moku o ka ʻāʻī e kūlou i nā ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Hoʻomaka nā kula e pili ana i kēlā mau ʻeha i nā puke lapaʻau ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika hoʻi i nā makahiki 1970, akā hiki i kēia manawa ua hiki i nā adepts yoga ke hāʻawi i nā hōʻeha i nā hemahema o kēlā me kēia mea hana.
