ʻO Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky - Lūkini ʻepekema-kūlohelohe, akeakamai, biologist, mineralogist a me kahi ʻano lehulehu. ʻO ka mea kālaiʻike o ka St. Petersburg Academy of Science. ʻO kekahi o nā mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka Academy of Science o ʻUkraina, a ʻo ka mea hoʻokumu o ka ʻepekema biogeochemistry. He lunamakaʻāinana koʻikoʻi o ka cosmism Lūkia.
Ma kēia ʻatikala, e hoʻomanaʻo mākou i ka moʻomeheu o Vladimir Vernadsky, me nā mea hoihoi loa mai ke ola o ka ʻepekema.
No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Vernadsky.
Kawaihae o Vernadsky
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Vladimir Vernadsky ma 1863 ma St. Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana o kahi luna a me kāna moʻopuna ʻo Cossack ʻIvan Vasilyevich.
I ka manawa o ka hānau ʻana o kāna keikikāne, ua aʻo ʻo Vernadsky Sr. i ka hoʻokele waiwai ma ke kulanui, ma ke kūlana o ka ʻaha kūkā mokuʻāina piha.
ʻO ka makuahine o Vladimir, ʻo Anna Petrovna, mai kahi ʻohana hanohano. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, neʻe ka ʻohana i Kharkov, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kikowaena ʻepekema a moʻomeheu nui loa ma Rūsia.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
Ua hoʻohana ʻo Vernadsky i kona mau makahiki kamaliʻi (1868-1875) ma Poltava a me Kharkov. I ka 1868, ma muli o ke aniau maikaʻi ʻole o St. Petersburg, neʻe ka ʻohana Vernadsky i Kharkov - kekahi o nā kikowaena ʻepekema a moʻomeheu alakaʻi o ka Lūkini Aupuni.
I ke keikikāne, ua kipa ʻo ia i Kiev, noho i kahi hale ma Lipki, kahi i noho ai kona kupuna wahine ʻo Vera Martynovna Konstantinovich a make.
I ka makahiki 1973, ua komo ʻo Vladimir Vernadsky i ka hale haʻuki Kharkov, kahi āna i hoʻopaʻa ai no 3 mau makahiki. I loko o kēia wā o kāna moʻolelo pilikino, ma lalo o ka mana o kona makuakāne, ua haku ʻo ia i ka ʻōlelo Polani i mea e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā ʻike like ʻole e pili ana iā Ukraine.
I 1876 hoʻi ka ʻohana Vernadsky i St. Petersburg, kahi i hoʻomau ai ke keiki i kāna aʻo ʻana ma ka hale haʻuki kūloko. Ua loaʻa iā ia kahi aʻo maikaʻi loa. Hiki i ke kanaka ʻōpio ke heluhelu ma nā ʻōlelo he 15.
I kēia manawa, ua hoihoi ʻo Vladimir Vernadsky i ke akeakamai, ka mōʻaukala a me ka hoʻomana.
ʻO kēia ka ʻanuʻu mua o kahi ʻōpio ma ke ala o ka ʻike i ka cosmism Lūkini.
ʻO Biology a me nā ʻepekema ʻē aʻe
Ma ka moʻolelo o 1881-1885. Ua aʻo ʻo Vernadsky ma ke kumu o ka ʻepekema kūlohelohe o ke Kulanui ʻo St. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ka Dmitry Mendeleev kaulana i waena o kāna mau kumu.
I ka makahiki 25, ua haʻalele ʻo Vernadsky i kahi hana ma ʻEulopa, ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki i nā ʻāina like ʻole. I Kelemania, ʻItalia a me Palani, ua loaʻa iā ia ka nui o ka ʻike theoretical a me ka practical, a ma hope iho ua hoʻi ʻo ia i ka home.
I ka 27 wale nō o kona mau makahiki, ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ke alakaʻi i ke Keʻena Mineralogy ma ke Kulanui ʻo Moscow. Ma hope mai, ua hiki i ka noʻonoʻo ke pale aku i kāna pepa kauka kauka e pili ana i ke kumuhana: "The phenomena of sliding of crystalline matter." ʻO ka hopena, ua lilo ʻo ia i polopeka o ka mineralogy.
Ma ke ʻano he kumu, ua hana ʻo Vernadsky ma mua o 20 mau makahiki. I loko o kēia manawa ua huakaʻi pinepine ʻo ia. Ua huakaʻi ʻo ia i nā kūlanakauhale Lūkia a me nā ʻāina ʻē he nui, e aʻo ana i ka ʻāina.
I ka makahiki 1909, ua hana ʻo Vladimir Ivanovich i kahi hōʻike maikaʻi loa ma ka 12th Congress of Naturalists, a ma laila ʻo ia i hōʻike ai i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka loaʻa pū o nā minelala i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka Honua. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻepekema hou - geochemistry.
Ua hana ʻo Vernadsky i kahi hana kupanaha ma ke kahua o ka mineralogy, i hana i kahi kipi i loko. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo ia i ka mineralogy mai ka crystallography, kahi i pili ai ka ʻepekema mua me ka makemakika a me ka physics, a ʻo ka lua me ka kemika a me ka honua.
I ka like pū me kēia, makemake ʻo Vladimir Vernadsky i ke akeakamai, ka politika a me ka radioactivity o nā mea me ka hoihoi nui. ʻOiai ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka St. Petersburg Academy of Science, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ke Komikina Radium, kahi i manaʻo ʻia e ʻimi a aʻo i nā minelala.
I ka makahiki 1915, ua ʻākoakoa ʻo Vernadsky i kekahi komisina hou, ʻo ia ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mea maka o ka mokuʻāina. Ma kahi o ka manawa like, ua kōkua ʻo ia i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā hale ʻai manuahi no nā kamaʻāina ʻilihuna.
A hiki i ka 1919, he lālā ka ʻepekema o ka Cadet Party, e pili ana i nā ʻike kemokalaka. No kēia kumu, ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e hele i waho ma hope o ka kaulana ʻOkakopa Revolution i kū i ka ʻāina.
I ka puna o 1918, noho ʻo Vernadsky a me kona ʻohana ma Ukraine. Ma hope koke iho ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ka Academy Academy of Science, a lilo i luna mua nona. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua aʻo ʻia ke polopeka i ka geochemistry ma ke Kulanui ʻo Taurida o Crimea.
Ma hope o 3 mau makahiki, hoʻi ka Vernadsky i Petrograd. Koho ʻia ke kālaikua i poʻo no ke keʻena meteorite o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Mineralogical. A laila hōʻiliʻili ʻo ia i kahi huakaʻi kūikawā, i hana ʻia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka meteorite Tunguska.
Ua holo maikaʻi nā mea āpau a hiki i ka manawa i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ai ʻo Vladimir Ivanovich i ka mākaʻi. Ua hopu ʻia ʻo ia a kau ʻia ma hope o nā kaola. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, mahalo i ka uwao o nā mea kaulana he nui, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ʻepekema.
I ka wā o ka moʻomeheu o 1922-1926. Ua kipa ʻo Vernadsky i kekahi mau ʻāina ʻEulopa, kahi āna i heluhelu ai i kāna mau haʻi'ōlelo. I ka manawa like, ua komo ʻo ia i ka kākau. Mai lalo o kāna peni e like me nā hana e like me "Geochemistry", "Living Substance in the Biosphere" a me "Autotrophy of Humanity" i humuhumu ʻia.
I ka makahiki 1926, ua lilo ʻo Vernadsky i poʻo no ka Radium Institute, a ua koho ʻia he poʻo no nā kaiāulu ʻepekema like ʻole. Ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi ʻana, ua ʻimi ʻia nā au o ka honua, permafrost, nā pōhaku, a pēlā aku.
I ka makahiki 1935, ua hōʻemi ke olakino o Vladimir Ivanovich, a ma ke aʻoaʻo a ke kauka lāʻau, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hele i nā ʻāina ʻē no ka lāʻau. Ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana, hana ʻo ia no kekahi manawa ma Palisa, Ladana a me Kelemania. He mau makahiki ma mua o kona make ʻana, ua alakaʻi ke polofesa i ke komisina uranium, a lilo maoli i mea hoʻokumu i ka papahana nukelea a ka USSR.
Noosepela
Wahi a Vladimir Vernadsky, he ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho a hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka biosfer. Ma hope ua hiki ʻo ia i ka formulate a me ka wehewehe o ka huaʻōlelo noosf, e like me ka mea i hoʻololi ʻia ma muli o ka hopena kanaka o ka biosfer.
Ua hoʻolaha ʻo Vernadsky i nā hana noʻonoʻo i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kanaka, i kuhi ʻia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pono maʻamau a me ka hana ʻana i ke kaulike a me ke kūlike i ke ʻano. Ua kamaʻilio ʻo ia e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ke aʻo ʻana i ka Honua, a ua kamaʻilio pū ʻo ia e pili ana i nā ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka kaolaola o ka honua.
I kāna mau kākau ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Vladimir Vernadsky ʻo ka wā e hiki mai ana maikaʻi no ka poʻe e pili ana i ka nohona kaiāulu a me ka nohona mokuʻāina e pili ana i ka hana a me ka holomua ʻenehana.
Ke ola pilikino
I ka makahiki 23, ua male ʻo Vladimir Vernadsky iā Natalia Staritskaya. Noho pū, ua ola nā kāne ma kahi o 56 mau makahiki, a hiki i ka make ʻana o Staritskaya i 1943.
I kēia hui ʻana, he keikikāne kā lāua kāne ʻo Georgy a me kahi kaikamahine ʻo Nina. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua lilo ʻo Georgy i loea kaulana i ke kahua o ka mōʻaukala Lūkia, ʻoiai ʻo Nina e hana ana ma ke ʻano he psychiatrist.
Make
Ua ola ʻo Vladimir Vernadsky i kāna wahine no 2 mau makahiki. I ka lā o kona make ʻana, ua hana ka ʻepekema i kēia palapala i loko o kāna puke moʻomanaʻo: "ʻUa ʻaiʻē wau iā Natasha i nā mea maikaʻi āpau i koʻu ola." ʻO ka nalowale ʻana o kāna wahine i mea ʻāpiki loa i ke olakino o ke kāne.
I kekahi mau makahiki ma mua o kona make ʻana, ma 1943, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Vernadsky i ka makana ʻo Stalin Prize 1st. I ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, ua ʻeha ʻo ia i ka hahau nui, a ma hope ua ola ʻo ia no kekahi mau lā he 12.
Ua make ʻo Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky ma ka lā 6 o Ianuali, 1945 i ka makahiki 81.
