Albert Einstein (1879-1955) - physicist kumumanaʻo, kekahi o nā mea hoʻokumu o ka physics theoretical o kēia manawa, Nobel Prize laureate ma ke kālaikūlohea (1921). Kauka Hoʻohanohano e pili ana i 20 mau kula nui i ka honua a me kahi lālā o ka nui o nā Kula ʻEpekema. Ua ʻōlelo kūʻē ʻo ia i ke kaua a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kaua nukelea, e kāhea ana i ka hoʻomaopopo like ma waena o nā lāhui.
ʻO Einstein ka mea kākau o 300 mau pepa ʻepekema i ka physics, a ma kahi o 150 mau puke a me nā ʻatikala e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole. Ua hoʻomohala i kekahi mau manaʻo kino koʻikoʻi, e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi kūikawā a me ka laulā.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino Einstein, a mākou e haʻi e pili ana i kēia ʻatikala. Ma ke ala, e nānā i nā pono e pili ana iā Einstein:
- ʻO nā mea hoihoi a me nā moʻolelo hoʻomākeʻaka mai ke ola o Einstein
- Nā ʻōlelo koho a Einstein i wae ʻia
- Nane a Einstein
- No ke aha i hōʻike ai ʻo Einstein i kāna alelo
No laila, ma mua ou he moʻolelo pōkole o Albert Einstein.
Ko kā Einstein moʻomeheu
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Albert Einstein ma ka lā 14 Malaki Malaki 1879 ma ke kūlanakauhale Kelemānia ʻo Ulm. Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i kahi ʻohana Iudaio.
ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Hermann Einstein, he mea nona ka hale hana hulu liʻiliʻi e hoʻopiha ana i nā moena a me nā moena hulu. ʻO Mother, Paulina, ke kaikamahine a kahi mea kālepa kalepa waiwai.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
ʻAneʻane koke ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o Albert, ua neʻe ka ʻohana Einstein i Munich. Ma ke ʻano he keiki makua ʻole haipule, ua hele ʻo ia i ke kula haʻahaʻa Katolika a hiki i ka makahiki 12 he keiki haipule loa ia.
He keikikāne mālama ʻole ʻia ʻo Albert, a ʻaʻole nō hoʻi i ʻokoʻa i kahi kūleʻa i ke kula. Aia kekahi mana e like me ka hiki ʻole i ka wā kamaliʻi ke aʻo.
Hōʻike ka hōʻike i ka hana haʻahaʻa āna i hōʻike ai i ke kula a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hele wāwae a kamaʻilio lohi.
Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia kēia kuhi manaʻo e nā mea kākau moʻolelo ola a Einstein. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻohewa nā kumu iā ia no kona lohi a hana maikaʻi ʻole, akā ʻaʻole ʻōlelo iki kēia.
Akā, ʻo ke kumu o kēia no ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka haumāna, nā hana pedagogical kūpono ʻole o ia manawa a me ke ʻano kikoʻī kikoʻī o ka lolo.
Me kēia mau mea āpau, pono e ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole ʻike ʻo Albert pehea e kamaʻilio ai a hiki i ka makahiki 3, a i ka makahiki 7 ua aʻo iki ʻo ia e haʻi i nā huaʻōlelo pākahi. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻoiai i ka wā kamaliʻi, ua ulu ʻo ia i kahi ʻano maikaʻi ʻole i ke kaua a hōʻole ʻo ia e pāʻani i nā koa.
I ka wā ʻōpio, ua pīhoihoi loa ʻo Einstein i ke panana a kona makuakāne i hāʻawi aku ai iā ia. He hana mana maoli ia nāna e nānā i ka hōʻike mau ʻana o ka nila o ke panana i hoʻokahi kuhikuhi, ʻoiai ʻo ka huli ʻana o ka hāmeʻa.
Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kona aloha no ka makemakika i loko o Albert e kona ʻanakala ponoʻī ʻo Jacob, me ia i aʻo ai i nā puke aʻo like ʻole a me nā hiʻohiʻona i hoʻonā ʻia. ʻOiai ʻo ia, ua hoʻomohala ka ʻepekema i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ke kuko no nā ʻepekema kikoʻī.
Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ke kula, ua lilo ʻo Einstein i haumāna ma kahi hale haʻuki kūloko. Mālama mau nā kumu iā ia ma ke ʻano he haumāna lohi i ka noʻonoʻo, ma muli o ka hemahema ʻōlelo like ʻole. He pīhoihoi ka hoihoi o ke kanaka ʻōpio wale nō i kēlā mau aʻo āna i makemake ai, ʻaʻole e ʻimi e loaʻa nā māka kiʻekiʻe i ka mōʻaukala, nā palapala a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka Kelemania.
Ua hoʻowahāwahā ʻo Albert i ka hele ʻana i ke kula, no ka mea, ua manaʻo ʻo ia he haʻaheo a he hoʻomalu nā kumu. Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa pinepine ʻo ia me nā kumu, a ʻo kahi hopena i ʻoi aku ka ʻino iā ia.
Me ka puka ʻole ʻana mai ka hale hoʻoikaika kino, neʻe ka ʻōpio me kona ʻohana i Italia. ʻAneʻane koke, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Einstein e komo i ke kula ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ke kūlanakauhale Swiss o Zurich. Ua hoʻokele ʻo ia i ka hoʻokolohua ma ka makemakika, akā ua holo pono ka botany a me ka Palani.
Ua aʻo ka rector o ke kula i ke kanaka ʻōpio e hoʻāʻo i kona lima ma ke kula ma Aarau. I loko o kēia keʻena aʻo, ua loaʻa iā Albert kahi palapala, a laila ua komo ʻo ia i ka Zurich Polytechnic.
Ka hana ʻepekema
I ka makahiki 1900, ua puka ʻo Albert Einstein mai ka Polytechnic, a lilo i kumu hōʻoia no ka physics a me ka makemakika. He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana ʻaʻole makemake kekahi o nā kumu e kōkua iā ia e hoʻomōhala i kāna ʻoihana ʻepekema.
Wahi a Einstein, makemake ʻole nā kumu iā ia no ka mea ua kūʻokoʻa mau ʻo ia a he manaʻo kona e pili ana i kekahi mau pilikia. I ka manawa mua, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kāne ke loaʻa kahi hana ma kahi ʻē. Me ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi loaʻa kālā paʻa, ua pōloli pinepine ʻo ia. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i ʻai i kekahi mau lā.
I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua kōkua nā hoaaloha iā Albert e loaʻa kahi hana ma ke keʻena patent, kahi āna i hana ai no kahi manawa lōʻihi. I ka 1904 ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e paʻi ma ka puke pai Kelemania Annals of Physics.
I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua paʻi ka puke pai i 3 mau hana poʻokela o kahi physicist nāna i hoʻohuli i ka honua ʻepekema. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia lākou i ke kumumanaʻo o ke ola hou ʻana, ka manaʻo nui a me ka neʻe ʻana o Brownian. Ma hope o kēlā, ua kaulana a koʻikoʻi ka mea kākau o nā ʻatikala ma waena o nā hoa.
Kumumanaʻo o ka pilina
Ua kūleʻa nui ʻo Albert Einstein i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kumumanaʻo o ke aloha. Hoʻololi hou kona mau manaʻo i nā manaʻo kino ʻepekema, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā mīkini Newtonian.
He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo he paʻakikī ka hanana o ke kumumanaʻo o ka relativity i ʻike wale kekahi o ka poʻe i ka piha. No laila, i loko o nā kula a me nā kula nui, ua aʻo wale ʻia ke kumumanaʻo kūikawā o ka hilinaʻi (SRT), kahi ʻāpana o ka mea nui.
Ua kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi o ka hakahaka a me ka manawa i ka wikiwiki: ʻo ka wikiwiki o kahi mea e neʻe ai, ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kāna ana a me ka manawa.
Wahi a SRT, hiki ke huakaʻi manawa ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka lanakila ʻana o ka wikiwiki; no laila, ke hele nei mai ka hiki ʻole o ia huakaʻi ʻana, hoʻolauna ʻia kahi palena: ʻaʻole hiki i ka wikiwiki o kekahi kino ke ʻoi aku i ka wikiwiki o ke kukui.
Ma nā wikiwiki haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole i kuhi ʻia ka hakahaka a me ka manawa, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā hihia e pili nā kānāwai kuʻuna o ka mīkini. Eia nō naʻe, i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, ʻike ʻia ka ʻokoʻa e hōʻoia ʻia e nā hoʻokolohua ʻepekema.
He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo he wahi liʻiliʻi wale nō kēia o ka relathy kūikawā a me ka laulā.
Ua koho pinepine ʻia ʻo Albert Einstein no ka Nobel Prize. Ma 1921 ua loaʻa iā ia kēia makana hanohano "No nā lawelawe i ka physics theoretical a no ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kānāwai o ka hopena photoelectric."
Ke ola pilikino
I ka makahiki 26 o Einstein, ua male ʻo ia i kahi kaikamahine ʻo Mileva Maric ka inoa. Ma hope o 11 mau makahiki o ka male, ua ala nā kūʻē ʻole ma waena o nā kāne. Wahi a kekahi mana, ʻaʻole hiki iā Mileva ke kala aku i ka hoʻomana pinepine ʻole o kāna kāne, ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia he 10 mau haku wahine.
Eia nō naʻe, i mea e haʻalele ʻole ai, ua hāʻawi ʻo Albert i kāna wahine i kahi aelike cohabitation, kahi i koi ʻia ai kēlā me kēia o lākou e hana i kekahi mau hana. ʻO kahi laʻana, pono i ka wahine e holoi lole a me nā hana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻoiai ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka ʻaelike i nā pili pili. No kēia kumu, ua hiamoe ʻokoʻa ʻo Albert lāua ʻo Mileva. I kēia hui ʻana, he ʻelua keikikāne a lāua, ua make kekahi o lākou i ka haukapila noʻonoʻo, a ʻaʻohe pili o ka physicist me ka lua.
Ma hope mai, ua haʻalele kūleʻa ʻia lāua, a laila ua male ʻo Einstein i kona hoahānau ʻo Elsa Leventhal. Wahi a kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, ua aloha pū ke kāne i ke kaikamahine a Elsa, ka mea i pane ʻole aku.
Ua kamaʻilio nā poʻe o Albert Einstein iā ia ma ke ʻano he kanaka lokomaikaʻi a makaʻu ʻole hoʻi e haʻi i kāna mau hewa.
Nui nā mea hoihoi i loko o kāna puke moʻomanaʻo. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole ia e komo i nā kākini a ʻaʻole makemake i ka palu ʻana i kona mau niho. No nā mea akamai a pau o ka ʻepekema, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomanaʻo i nā mea maʻalahi, e like me nā helu kelepona.
Make
I nā lā ma mua o kona make ʻana, ua nui loa ka maikaʻi o ke olakino o Einstein. Ua ʻike nā kauka he anurysm aortic kāna, akā ʻaʻole ʻae ka physicist i ka hana.
Ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi palapala kauoha a ʻōlelo aku i kāna mau hoaaloha: "Ua hoʻopau wau i kaʻu hana ma ka Honua." I kēia manawa, ua kipa ʻia ʻo Einstein e ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Bernard Cohen, nāna i hoʻomanaʻo:
Ua maopopo iaʻu he kanaka nui a he physicist nui ʻo Einstein, akā ʻaʻohe oʻu manaʻo e pili ana i ka mehana o kona ʻano aloha, e pili ana i kona ʻoluʻolu a me ka hoʻomākeʻaka nui. Ma kā mākou kamaʻilio ʻana, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ua kokoke ka make. Ua ola ko Einstein manaʻo, ua witty ʻo ia a me he mea lā hauʻoli loa.
Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Stepdaughter Margot i kāna hui hope loa ʻana me Einstein ma ka haukapila me kēia mau huaʻōlelo:
Ua kamaʻilio ʻo ia me ka mālie loa, e pili ana i nā kauka me kahi hoʻomākeʻaka māmā, a kali i kona make ʻana ma ke ʻano he "ʻano kūlohelohe." Pehea kona makaʻu ʻole i ke ola, pehea ka noho mālie a me ka maluhia i hālāwai ai me ka make. Me ka ʻole o ka manaʻo a me ka minamina ʻole, ua haʻalele ʻo ia i kēia ao.
Ua make ʻo Albert Einstein ma Princeton ma ʻApelila 18, 1955 i ka makahiki 76. Ma mua o kona make ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ka ʻepekema i kekahi mea ma Kelemania, akā ʻaʻole hiki i ke kahu wahine ke hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o nā huaʻōlelo, no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻōlelo Kelemānia.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ʻo Einstein, ka mea i manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole e pili ana i kekahi ʻano hoʻomana pilikino, pāpā i ka hoʻolewa nui me nā hana nui. Ua makemake ʻo ia ʻaʻole e hōʻike i kahi a me ka manawa o kona kanu ʻana.
Ma ʻApelila 19, 1955, mālama ʻia ka hoʻolewa o ka ʻepekema nui me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolaha ākea, i hele ʻia e 10 mau kānaka wale nō. Hoʻā ʻia kona kino a heleleʻi kona lehu i ka makani.
ʻO nā kiʻi āpau a me nā kiʻi ʻokoʻa o Einstein, e ʻike ma aneʻi
