ʻO Vasily Chapaev

ʻO Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev (ʻO Chepaev; 1887-1919) - komo i ke Kaua Honua Mua a me ke Kaua Kivila, ke poʻo o ka ʻāpana Red Army.

Mahalo i ka puke na Dmitry Furmanov "Chapaev" a me ke kiʻi o ka inoa like e nā kaikuaʻana Vasiliev, a me nā anecdotes he nui, ʻo ia a noho mau kekahi o nā kiʻi mōʻaukala kaulana loa o ke au o ke Kaua Kivila ma Russia.

Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Chapaev, a mākou e kūkākūkā ai i kēia ʻatikala.

No laila, ma mua ou kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Vasily Chapaev.

Ka moʻolelo ʻo Chapaev

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Vasily Chapaev ma ka lā 28 o Ianuali (Pepeluali 9), 1887 ma ke kauhale o Budaike (ka moku ʻo Kazan). Ua ulu ʻo ia i ka ʻohana mahiʻai o ke kamana ʻo ʻIvan Stepanovich. ʻO ia ke kolu o nā keiki 9 a kona mau mākua, ʻehā o lākou i make i ka wā kamaliʻi.

I ka piha ʻana o Vasily ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki, ua neʻe ʻo ia a me kona ʻohana i ka panalāʻau ʻo Samara, kahi i kaulana i kāna ʻoihana palaoa. Ma aneʻi ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hele i kahi kula parish, āna i hele ai ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki.

He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ua lawe ʻo Chapaev Sr. i kāna keiki mai kēia kula ma muli o kahi hanana koʻikoʻi. I ka hoʻoilo o 1901, ua hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo Vasily i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻopaʻi no ka ʻaihue ʻana i ke aʻo ʻana, a haʻalele iā ia me ka ʻaahu waho ʻole. Ua manaʻo ke keiki makaʻu e hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i ka make ke hoʻopoina ʻole nā kumu iā ia.

ʻO ka hopena, ua haki ʻo Vasily Chapaev i ka puka aniani a lele mai kahi kiʻekiʻe loa. Ua ola ʻo ia wale nō i ke aloha i ke alo o ka hau hohonu, nā mea i palupalu i kona hāʻule. I kona hoʻi ʻana i ka home, ua haʻi ke keiki i kona mau mākua e pili ana i nā mea āpau a ua maʻi ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina.

I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hoʻomaka ka makuakāne e aʻo i kāna keiki i ka hana kamana. A laila ua koho ʻia ke kanaka ʻōpio i ka lawelawe, akā ʻeono mau mahina ma hope ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo ia ma muli o ke kākalaioa i ka maka. Ma hope, ua wehe ʻo ia i kahi papa hana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pono mahiʻai.

Pūʻali koa hana

Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Honua Mua (1914-1918), ua kāhea hou ʻia ʻo Chapaev no ka lawelawe, a ua lawelawe ʻo ia i loko o kahi pūʻali koa pēpē. I loko o nā makahiki kaua, ua hele ʻo ia mai kahi luna kōmike ʻole i luna i kahi mākaʻi nui, e hōʻike ana iā ia iho he koa koa.

No kāna pono, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Vasily Chapaev i ka mekala St. George a me nā keʻa ʻo St. George o ka kekelē 4, 3, 2 a me ka 1st. Ua komo ʻo ia i ka breakthrough kaulana ʻo Brusilov a me ka siege o Przemysl. He nui nā ʻeha i loaʻa i ke koa, akā i kēlā me kēia manawa hoʻi i kāna hana.

Ke Kaua Kivila

Wahi a ka mana hoʻolaha, ua hoʻonui ʻia kā Chapaev kuleana ma ke Kaua Kivila. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka mahalo nui ʻia a puni ka Lūkini i ka puke na Dmitry Furmanov, ka mea i lawelawe ma ka ʻāpana o Vasily Ivanovich ma ke ʻano he commissar, a me ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Chapaev".

Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻokoka maoli ʻia ka luna koa e ka koa a me ka wiwo ʻole, mahalo iā ia ka mana i waena o kāna poʻe ukali. ʻO ka RSDLP (b), ʻo ia i hui pū ʻia i 1917, ʻaʻole ia ka ʻaoʻao mua i kā Biapaev biography. Ma mua o kēlā, ua kōkua ʻo ia me ka Socialist-Revolutionaries a me nā anarchists.

I ka hui ʻana i nā Bolsheviks, ua hiki iā Vasily ke hoʻomohala koke i kahi ʻoihana koa. I ka hoʻomaka o 1918, alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka dispersal o ka Nikolaev zemstvo. Eia hou, ua hiki iā ia ke kāohi i nā haunaele anti-Soviet a hana i kahi Red Guard. I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hoʻonohonoho hou ʻo ia i nā detachment i loko o ka regiment o ka Red Army.

I ka wā i hoʻokahuli ʻia ai ke aupuni Soviet ma Samara i Iune 1918, ua alakaʻi kēia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Kivila. I Iulai, ua kāohi ka White Czechs iā Ufa, Bugulma a me Syzran. I ka hopena o ʻAukake, ua kiʻi hou ka pūʻali koa Red ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a Chapaev iā Nikolaevsk mai ka poʻe keʻokeʻo.

I ka hoʻoilo o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, ua hele ʻo Vasily Ivanovich i Moscow, kahi āna e "hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kāna mau palapala" ma ke kula koa. Eia naʻe, pakele koke ke kāne mai ona aku, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia i makemake e hoʻonele i ka manawa ma kāna pākaukau.

Ke hoʻi nei i mua, ua kū ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ka luna koa o ka 25th Infantry Division, i hakakā me nā koa o Kolchak. I nā kaua no Ufa, ua ʻeha ʻo Chapaev i ke poʻo. Ma hope ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ka Papa Hoʻohanohano o ka ʻulaʻula Red.

Ke ola pilikino

I kāna hana, wehewehe ʻo Furmanov iā Vasily Chapaev ma ke ʻano he kāne me nā lima lokomaikaʻi, kahi helehelena māmā a me nā maka polū-ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I kona ola pilikino, ua lanakila ka kāne ma mua o ka mua.

I loko o nā makahiki o kāna pilikino pilikino, ua male ʻelua ʻo Chapaev. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi loa ua kapa ʻia nā wahine ʻelua ʻo Pelagey. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kaikamahine ʻelua a me ke kaikamahine ʻelua ke noho kūpaʻa i ka luna koa o ka ʻāpana.

ʻO ka wahine mua, ʻo Pelageya Metlina, i haʻalele i kāna kāne no kahi limahana o ke kaʻa kaʻa lio Saratov, a ʻo ka lua, ʻo Pelageya Kamishkertseva, i hoʻopunipuni iā ia me ke poʻo o ka waihona lako kaua.

Mai kāna male mua, he ʻekolu keiki a Vasily Chapaev: Alexander, Arkady a me Klavdia. He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole i kūleʻa ke kāne i kāna mau wahine. I kekahi manawa ua pili ʻo ia me ke kaikamahine a kahi kolone Cossack.

Ma hope o kēlā, aloha aloha ka luna i ka wahine a Furmanov, ʻo Anna Steshenko. No kēia kumu, ua ala pinepine nā hakakā ma waena o ka Pūʻali Koa. I ka manawa a Joseph Stalin i noi ai e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Chapaev" me kahi laina aloha, ʻo Steshenko, ʻo ia ka mea kākau o ka script, hāʻawi i ka wahine wahine hoʻokahi i kona inoa.

Pēlā i hōʻike ʻia ai ka mea pana mīkini Anka kaulana. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo Petka kahi kiʻi hui o 3 mau hoa i nā lima o ka luna o ka ʻāpana: Kamishkertsev, Kosykh a me Isaev.

Make

Manaʻo nui ka poʻe ua make ʻo Chapaev i ka muliwai Ural, i loaʻa i kahi ʻeha koʻikoʻi ma mua o kēlā. ʻO kēia ke kumu o kēlā make i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i kanu ʻia ke kino o ka luna koa nui i ka wai, akā ma ka ʻāina.

No ka hoʻopaʻi kūʻē iā Vasily Ivanovich, ka White Guard Colonel Borodin i hoʻonohonoho i kahi hui pūʻali koa kūikawā. I Kepakemapa 1919, ua hoʻouka ka poʻe keʻokeʻo i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Lbischensk, kahi i hoʻomaka ai ke kaua paʻakikī. I kēia kaua, ua ʻeha ka pūʻali koa Red Army i ka lima a me ka ʻōpū.

Ua lawe aku nā hoa lawehana iā Chapaev i hōʻeha ʻia i kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai. Eia naʻe, i kēlā manawa ua make ʻo ia. Ua make ʻo Vasily Chapaev ma Kepakemapa 5, 1919 i ka makahiki 32. ʻO ke kumu o kona make ʻana he make koko nui loa.

Ua ʻeli nā hoa hakakā i kahi lua kupapaʻu i ke one me ko lākou mau lima a hūnā iā ia mai nā ʻenemi me nā ʻohe. E like me kēia lā, ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka wahi kanu kupapaʻu o ke kāne ma muli o ka loli o ke kahawai o nā Ural.