ʻO Henry Alfred Kissinger (inoa hānau - Heinz Alfred Kissinger; hānau ʻia ma 1923) he mokuʻāina ʻAmelika, diplomat a me ka loea i ka pili kaiāulu.
U.S. National Security Advisor (1969-1975) a me U.S. Secretary of State (1973-1977). Laureate o ka Nobel Peace Prize.
ʻO Kissinger ka mea i loaʻa ma ke kūlana mua o ka TOP-100 alakaʻi i ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka honua e pili ana i ka helu o nā ʻōlelo i ka pāpāho, i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e ka luna kānāwai o Chicago, ʻo Richard Posner.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia ma ka moʻolelo pilikino ʻo Kissinger, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou he moʻolelo pōkole o Henry Kissinger.
Kawaihae o Kissinger
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Henry Kissinger ma Mei 27, 1923 ma ke kūlanakauhale Kelemania ʻo Fürth. Ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i loko o kahi ʻohana haipule Iudaio. ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Louis, he kumu kula, a ʻo kona makuahine ʻo Paula Stern, ua hana ʻo ia i ka mālama hale a me ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki. He kaikaina kona, ʻo Walter.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
I ka makahiki 15 paha o Henry, ua neʻe ʻo ia a me kona ʻohana i United States, no ka makaʻu i ka hoʻomaʻau ʻia e ka Nazis. He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo ʻo ka makuahine ka i koi e haʻalele iā Kelemania.
E like me ka mea i hala ma hope, e luku ʻia nā ʻohana o ka Kissinger i noho ma Kelemania i ka wā o ka Holocaust. I ka hōʻea ʻana i ʻAmelika, ua noho ka ʻohana ma Manhattan. Ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana no hoʻokahi makahiki ma ke kula kūloko, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Henry e hoʻohuli i ka ʻaha ahiahi, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke loaʻa kahi hana ma kahi ʻoihana kahi e hana ʻia ai nā palaki kahi kahi.
I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi palapala hōʻoia, ua lilo ʻo Kissinger i haumana ma ke Kulanui Kaiāulu kūloko, kahi i haku ai ʻo ia i ka loea o ka mea helu kālā. I ke kiʻekiʻe o ke Kaua Honua II (1939-1945), ua wae ʻia kahi keikikāne 20 makahiki i ka lawelawe.
ʻO ka hopena, ua hele ʻo Henry i mua me ka hoʻopau ʻole o kāna aʻo ʻana. I loko o kāna hoʻomaʻamaʻa pūʻali koa, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe a me ka noʻonoʻo tactical. ʻO kāna kauoha o ka ʻōlelo Kelemania i kōkua iā ia e hoʻokō i kekahi o nā hana ʻike koʻikoʻi.
Eia kekahi, ua hōʻoia ʻo Kissinger i koa koa i komo i nā kaua paʻakikī. No kāna mau lawelawe, ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ke kūlana o ka sergeant. ʻOiai e lawelawe ana i ka counterintelligence, ua hiki iā ia ke alualu i lalo i kahi nui o nā luna ʻo Gestapo a ʻike i nā saboteurs he nui, a no laila ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i hōkū keleawe.
I Iune 1945, ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo Henry Kissinger i ke kūlana o ka luna koa. I ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, ua hoʻokau ʻia ʻo ia e aʻo ma ke kula o ka ʻike, kahi āna i hana ai no hoʻokahi makahiki hou.
Ma hope o kona hoʻopau ʻana i kāna ʻoihana koa, ua komo ʻo Kissinger i ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard, a laila lilo i kēkelē laepua. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ka thesis a ka haumāna - "Ke ʻano o ka mōʻaukala", lawe 388 ʻaoʻao a ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka dissertation volumous nui loa i ka moʻolelo o ke koleke.
Ma ka moʻolelo o 1952-1954. Ua loaʻa iā Henry kāna M.A. a me Ph.D. mai ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard.
ʻOihana
Ma ke ʻano he haumāna, ua hopohopo ʻo Kissinger no ke kulekele ʻē aʻe o US. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi seminar kūkā ma ke kula nui.
Ua hele ʻia e nā alakaʻi ʻōpio mai nā ʻāina ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, nāna i hōʻike i nā manaʻo anti-komunista a kāhea aku no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke kūlana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma ka pae honua. He mea pīhoihoi ka hana mau ʻia ʻana o kēlā mau seminars ma nā makahiki he 20 e hiki mai ana.
Ua hoihoi ka haumāna kālena i ka CIA, nāna i hāʻawi iā Kissinger me ke kōkua kālā. Ma hope o kona puka ʻana mai ke kula nui, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo.
Ma hope koke iho ua koho ʻia ʻo Henry i ka noho o ke aupuni. I loko o kēlā mau makahiki ua pili ʻo ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka Polokalamu ʻImi ʻImi Pale. Ua manaʻo ʻia e aʻoaʻo i nā luna koa a me nā luna koa.
ʻO Kissinger ka luna o kēia papahana mai 1958 a 1971. I ka manawa like, ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ka pou o ke kākāʻōlelo i ke Kōmike Hoʻohui Hana. Hoʻohui ʻia, aia ʻo ia ma ka ʻaha kūkā no ka noiʻi palekana palekana no nā mea kaua o Nuclear, ʻo ia kekahi o nā loea ʻoi loa o kēia papa.
ʻO kahi hopena o kāna hana i ka National Security Committee ʻo ia ka puke "Nuclear Weapon a me nā kulekele ʻē aʻe", nāna i lawe nui ʻia e Henry Kissinger. E hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua kūʻē ʻo ia i nā hoʻoweliweli lehulehu.
I ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki 50, ua wehe ʻia ka Pūnaewele no nā Pili Honua, nona nā haumāna i hiki i ka politika. Ua hana ʻo Henry ma aneʻi ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki ma ke ʻano he hope luna. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokumu ka papahana i kumu no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o NATO.
Kālaiʻāina
I nā politika nui, ua hōʻoia ʻo Henry Kissinger he loea maoli, ka mea i hoʻolohe ʻia e ke kiaʻāina o New York Nelson Rockefeller, a me nā Pelekikena ʻo Eisenhower, Kennedy a me Johnson.
Eia hou, ua aʻoaʻo ke kāne i nā lālā o ke Kōmike Hui, ka US National Security Council a me ka US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. I ka lilo ʻana o Richard Nixon i pelekikena ʻAmelika, ua hoʻolilo ʻo ia iā Henry i lima ʻākau no ka maluhia aupuni.
Ua lawelawe ʻo Kissinger ma ka papa o ka Rockefeller Brothers Foundation, e lawelawe ana ma ka papa o ka Chase Manhattan Bank. ʻO ka hana nui a ka diplomat i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā pilina ma waena o nā mana nui ʻekolu - ʻo USA, USSR a me PRC.
He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hoʻokele ʻo Kina i kekahi mea e hōʻemi i ka hakakā nukle ma waena o ʻAmelika a me ka Soviet Union. Ma lalo o Henry Kissinger ua kau inoa ʻia kahi ʻaelike ma waena o nā poʻo o ka USSR a me ka USA e pili ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā mea kaua kaua.
Ua hōʻoia ʻo Henry iā ia iho he kahu maluhia i ka wā o ka hakakā ma waena o Palestine a me Israel i 1968 a me 1973. Ua hana ʻo ia i nā hana āpau e hoʻopau i ka hakakā US-Vietnam, no laila i loaʻa ai iā ia ka Nobel Peace Prize (1973).
I nā makahiki i hala aku, ua hana ʻo Kissinger me nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā pilina ma nā ʻāina like ʻole. Ma ke ʻano he diplomat kālena, ua hiki iā ia ke hoʻonā i kekahi mau pilikia kūpilikiʻi i hāpai i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka pūʻali koa.
Ua alakaʻi ʻo Henry i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kuʻikahi anti-Soviet ʻAmelika-Kina, kahi i hoʻokūpaʻa hou ai i ke kūlana o ʻAmelika ma ke kahua kūwaho. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia i ka poʻe Kina ua ʻike ʻo ia i kahi hoʻoweliweli nui i kona ʻāina ma mua o ka Lūkini.
I nā makahiki i hala aʻe o kāna moʻomeheu, aia ʻo Kissinger i ke keʻena pelekikena ma ke ʻano he kākau ʻōlelo no ka mokuʻāina ma lalo o Richard Nixon lāua ʻo Gerald Ford. Ua haʻalele wale ʻo ia i ka hana aupuni ma 1977 wale nō.
Ua koi koke ʻia ka ʻike a me ka ʻike o ka diplomat e Ronald Reagan lāua ʻo George W. Bush, ka mea i ʻimi e ʻike i ka hoʻomaopopo like ʻana me Mikhail Gorbachev.
Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana
I ka pau ʻana o 2001, no 2.5 mau pule, ua alakaʻi ʻo Henry Kissinger i ke Komikina Ninaninau ma ka hoʻouka kaua hoʻoweliweli o ka lā 11 Kepakemapa 2001. Ma 2007, me nā hoa hana ʻē aʻe, ua kau inoa ʻo ia i kahi leka e koi ana i ka US Congress e hoʻomaopopo ʻole i ka luku ʻia o Armenian.
ʻO Henry Kissinger ka mea kākau o nā puke a me nā ʻatikala he nui e pili ana i ke Kaua Cold, kapitalism, komunism a me nā pilikia geopolitical. Wahi a ia, e loaʻa ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka maluhia ma ka honua ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke aupuni a ka lehulehu i nā mokuʻāina āpau o ka honua.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 21, ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā palapala he nui e hōʻike ana ua pili ʻo Henry i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hana kūikawā Condor, kahi i hoʻopau ʻia ai nā luna kūʻē kūʻē mai nā ʻāina ʻAmelika Hema. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, alakaʻi kēia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka dictatorhip Pinochet ma Chile.
Ke ola pilikino
ʻO ka wahine mua a Kissinger ʻo Ann Fleicher. I loko o kēia male, he keikikāne kā lāua, ʻo David, a me kahi kaikamahine, ʻo Elizabeth. Ma hope o 15 mau makahiki o ka male, ua hoʻoholo lāua e haʻalele i ka 1964.
He ʻumi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua male ʻo Henry iā Nancy Maginness, ka mea i hana ma kahi o 15 mau makahiki i ka hui kūkā o kāna kāne e hiki mai ana. I kēia lā, noho ka wahine ma kahi hale pilikino ma Connecticut.
ʻO Henry Kissinger i kēia lā
Hoʻomau ka diplomat e ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i nā luna kiʻekiʻe. He lālā hanohano ʻo ia o ka Bilderberg Club kaulana. I ka 2016, ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Kissinger i ka Russian Academy of Science.
Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o Lūkia e Crimea, ua hoʻohewa ʻo Henry i kā Putin hana, e koi ana iā ia e ʻike i ke aupuni o Ukraine.
Nā kiʻi Kissinger
