ʻO Mary I Tudor (1516-1558) - ka mōʻī wahine kalaunu o ʻEnelani, ke kaikamahine hiapo a Henry 8 lāua ʻo Catherine o Aragon. ʻIke pū ʻia e nā inoa kapakapa ʻO Maria ke Koko (Bloody Mary) a Maria ka Katolika... I kona hanohano, ʻaʻole i kūkulu ʻia kekahi kia hoʻomanaʻo i kona ʻāina hānau.
Pili ka inoa o kēia mōʻī wahine i nā luku hoʻomāinoino a koko. ʻO ka lā o kona make ʻana (a i ka manawa like o ka piʻi ʻana i ka noho aliʻi o Elizabeth 1) i hoʻolauleʻa ʻia ma ka mokuʻāina ma ke ʻano he lā nui lāhui.
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Mary Tudor, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, ma mua ou he moʻolelo pōkole o Mary I Tudor.
Kawaihae o Mary Tudor
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Mary Tudor ma Pepeluali 18, 1516 ma Greenwich. He keiki kali ʻia ʻo ia me kona mau mākua, ʻoiai ua make nā keiki mua o ka mōʻī Pelekane Henry 8 a me kāna wahine ʻo Catherine o Aragon i ka ʻōpū, a ma hope koke paha o ka hānau ʻana.
Ua ʻike ʻia ke kaikamahine e kona koʻikoʻi a me kāna kuleana, a ʻo ia ke kumu o ka nānā nui ʻana i kāna mau aʻo ʻana. Mahalo i kēia mau ʻano, ua haku ʻo Maria i ka ʻōlelo Helene a me ka ʻōlelo Lākina, a ua hulahula maikaʻi ʻo ia a hoʻokani i ka mea kani.
I kona wā ʻōpio, makemake ʻo Tudor e heluhelu i nā puke Kalikiano. I loko o kēia manawa o kāna moʻomeheu, ua aʻo ʻia ʻo ia i ka holo lio a me ka falconry. ʻOiai ʻo Mary wale nō ke keiki a kona makuakāne, ʻo ia ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e hala i ka noho aliʻi.
Ma 1519, hiki i ke kaikamahine ke lilo i kēia kuleana, ʻoiai ʻo ka haku wahine o ka mōʻī, ʻo Elizabeth Blount, hānau he keiki kāne nāna, ʻo Henry. A ʻoiai ua hānau ʻia ke keikikāne ma waho o ka male male, akā, he kumu mōʻī kāna, no laila ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi ʻohana iā ia a hāʻawi i nā poʻo inoa like.
ʻĀpana hoʻomalu
Ma hope o kekahi manawa, hoʻomaka ka mōʻī e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka mea nāna e hoʻolilo ka mana. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hoʻolilo iā Mary ke Kamāliʻiwahine o Wale. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole ʻo Wales i ʻāpana o ʻEnelani, akā ʻo ia ka mea ma lalo ona.
I ka makahiki 1525, noho ʻo Mary Tudor i loko o kāna kāʻei hou, me ka lawe ʻana i kahi ukali nui. ʻO ia e kiaʻi i ka hoʻoponopono kaulike a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hanana hanana. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi i kēlā manawa he 9 wale nō ona makahiki.
Ma hope o 2 mau makahiki, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā mea nui i hoʻololi i ka moʻolelo pilikino o Tudor. Ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ka male ʻana, ua hoʻopau ʻo Henry i kāna pilina me Catherine, ma muli o ka hopena ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Mary ma ke ʻano he kaikamahine ʻino, nāna i hoʻoweliweli iā ia me ka lilo o kāna kuleana i ka noho aliʻi.
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ka wahine i huhū ʻia i ka fictitiousness o ka male. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻomaka ka mōʻī e hoʻoweliweli iā Catherine a pāpā i ka ʻike ʻana i kāna kaikamahine. Ua hōʻeha hou ke ola o Mary i ka wā i loaʻa i kāna makuakāne nā wahine hou.
ʻO ke aloha mua o Henry 8 ʻo Anne Boleyn, nāna i hānau kāna kaikamahine ʻo Elizabeth. Akā i ka ʻike ʻana o ka mōʻī e pili ana i ke kipi a Anna, kauoha ʻo ia iā ia e make.
Ma hope o kēlā, ua male ʻo ia iā Jane Seymour ʻoi aku ka hoʻokō. ʻO ia nāna i hānau ke keiki kāne mua a kāna kāne, e make ana i nā pilikia postpartum.
ʻO nā wahine aʻe o ka mōʻī Pelekane ʻo Anna Klevskaya, Catherine Howard a me Catherine Parr. Me kahi kaikuaʻana o ka makua kāne, ʻo Edward, ka mea i lawe i ka noho aliʻi i ka makahiki 9, ʻo Mary ka lua o ka hakakā no ka noho aliʻi.
ʻAʻohe o ke olakino olakino ke keiki, no laila makaʻu kona mau kuhina inā e male ʻo Mary Tudor, e hoʻohana ʻo ia i kona ikaika āpau e hoʻokahuli iā Edward. Ua hoʻohuli nā kauā i ke kanaka ʻōpio e kūʻē i kona kaikuahine a ʻo ka mea i hoʻoikaika i kēia hana a ke kaikamahine i hana i ka hana Katolika, ʻoiai ʻo Edward he Protestant.
Ma ke ala, no kēia kumu i loaʻa ai iā Tudor ka inoa kapakapa - Mary the Catholic. I ka makahiki 1553, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Edward me ka maʻi puʻukū, a ma ia wahi i make ai ʻo ia. Ma ka pō o kona make ʻana, ua kau inoa ʻo ia i kahi palapala hoʻoholo e like me kā Jane Gray o ka ʻohana Tudor i lilo ai i hope nona.
ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻonele ʻia ʻo Maria a me kona kaikuahine makua, ʻo Elizabeth, i ke kuleana o ka lei aliʻi. Akā i ka lilo ʻana o Jane he 16 makahiki i poʻo no ka mokuʻāina, ʻaʻohe ona kākoʻo mai kāna mau makaʻāinana.
Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma hope o 9 mau lā ua lawe ʻia ʻo ia mai ka noho aliʻi, a ua lawe ʻia kona wahi e Mary Tudor. ʻO ka mōʻī wahine hou i koho ʻia e noho aliʻi i kahi ʻē ʻē ʻinoʻinoʻino ʻia e ka poʻe o mua, nāna i hao i ka waihona a luku aku ma mua o ka hapalua o nā heiau.
Hoʻohālikelike nā mea kākau moʻolelo a Maria iā ia ʻaʻole he kanaka loko ʻino. Ua paipai ʻia ʻo ia e lilo i mea e nā hanana i koi ʻia i nā hoʻoholo paʻakikī. I loko o kāna mau mahina 6 mua i ka mana, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia iā Jane Gray a me kekahi o kona mau hoahānau.
I ka manawa like, makemake ka mōʻī wahine e kala i nā mea i hōʻāhewa ʻia, akā ma hope o ke kipi ʻo Wyatt i ka makahiki 1554, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hana i kēia. I nā makahiki e hiki mai ana o kāna moʻolelo pilikino, kūkulu hou ʻo Maria Tudor i nā hale pule a me nā mōneka, e hana ana i nā mea āpau no ke ala hou ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka Katolika.
I ka manawa like, ma kāna ʻoka, ua pepehi ʻia nā Protestant he nui. Ma kahi o 300 mau kānaka i puhi ʻia i ke ahi. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻoiai ʻo ka poʻe i kū i ke ahi, ua ʻae e hoʻohuli i ka Katolika ʻaʻole hiki ke lana ka manaʻo no ke aloha.
No kēia a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻomaka ke kāhea ʻana o ka mōʻī wahine - Bloody Mary or Bloody Mary.
Ke ola pilikino
Ua koho nā mākua i kahi kāne kāne no Maria i ka wā ʻelua o kona mau makahiki. Ua ʻae ʻo Heinrich i ka pili o kāna kaikamahine me ke keiki a Francis 1, akā ma hope ua hoʻopau ʻia ka pili.
4 mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua kūkā hou ka makuakāne i ka male o ke kaikamahine me ka Emepela Roma Hemolele ʻo Charles 5 o Habsburg, ʻo 16 mau makahiki i ʻoi aku iā Mary. Akā i ka 1527, ua manaʻo hou ka mōʻī Pelekane i kona ʻano iā Roma, ua hala kona aloha iā Charles.
Ua hele ʻo Henry e mare i kāna kaikamahine i kekahi o nā aliʻi kiʻekiʻe o Farani, ʻo ia ʻo Francis 1 a i kāna keiki paha.
Eia naʻe, i ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka makuakāne e haʻalele i ka makuahine o Maria, ua loli nā mea āpau. ʻO ka hopena, noho male ʻole ke kaikamahine a hiki i ka make ʻana o ka mōʻī. Ma ke ala, i kēlā manawa ua piha ʻo ia i 31 mau makahiki.
I ka makahiki 1554, ua male ʻo Tudor i ka mōʻī o Sepania Philip 2. He mea hoihoi ia he 12 ona mau makahiki ma mua o kāna mea i wae ʻia. ʻAʻole hānau ʻia nā keiki i kēia hui. ʻAʻole makemake ka poʻe iā Pilipo no kona haʻaheo nui a me ka lapuwale.
ʻO nā limahana i hele pū me ia e hana i ke ʻano kūpono ʻole. Ua alakaʻi kēia i nā hakakā koko ma waena o nā Pelekane a me nā Paniolo ma nā alanui. ʻAʻole i hūnā ʻo Pilipo i kona manaʻo ʻole iā Mary.
Ua pīhoihoi ka Spaniard e ke kaikuahine o kāna wahine, ʻo Elizabeth Tudor. Lana kona manaʻo i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa e lilo ka noho aliʻi iā ia, a ma muli o ia mea i mālama ai i nā pilina aloha me ke kaikamahine.
Make
I ka makahiki 1557 ua ale ʻia ʻo ʻEulopa e kahi maʻi wela, a ua make ka nui o nā kānaka. I ke kauwela o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, ua maʻi pū ʻo Maria me ka maʻi fiva ma hope o kona ʻike ʻana ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ola.
Ua hopohopo ka mōʻī wahine e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka mokuʻāina, no laila ʻaʻole ʻo ia i lilo i ka manawa i ke kiʻi ʻana i kahi palapala i hoʻonele ʻia ko Pilipi kuleana iā ʻEnelani. Ua hoʻolilo ʻo ia i kona kaikuahine ʻo Elizabeth i hope nona, ʻoiai ʻoiai ʻoiai i ko lākou wā e ola nei ua hakakā pinepine lākou.
Ua hala ʻo Mary Tudor ma Nowemapa 17, 1558 i ka makahiki 42. ʻO ke kumu o kona make ʻana he kuni, ʻaʻole hiki i ka wahine ke ola hou.
Nā kiʻi na Mary Tudor
