ʻO Nika Georgievna Turbina (i ka wā hānau Torbin; 1974-2002) - Soviet a me Lūkia haku mele. Ua loaʻa ka mahalo ʻia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa i nā mele i kākau ʻia i ka wā kamaliʻi. ʻO ka mea lanakila o ka makana "Golden Liona".
Nui a hewahewa nā mea i hoihoi ʻia i loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Nika Turbina, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala.
No laila, eia kahi moʻolelo pōkole o Turbina.
Niki Turbina
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Nika Turbina ma ka lā 17 o Kēkēmapa 1974 ma ka Crimean Yalta. ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Georgy Torbin, i hana ma ke ʻano he mea hana keaka, a ʻo kona makuahine, ʻo Maya Nikanorkina, he mea pena kiʻi. Ma hope, e lilo ka inoa hope o kona makuakāne i kumu o kāna inoa inoa.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
Ua haki nā mākua o ka wahine haku mele i ka wā ʻuʻuku. No kēia kumu, ua ulu ʻo ia a hānai ʻia i ka ʻohana o ka makuahine, me kona kupunawahine ʻo Lyudmila Karpova a me kona kupuna kāne, ʻo Anatoly Nikanorkin, kahi mea kākau.
I ka ʻohana Turbina, ua nānā nui ʻia i ka noʻeau a me nā moʻokalaleo. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia ke kaikamahine i nā mele, a hoʻolohe ʻo ia me ka hauʻoli nui. Ua makemake nui ʻo Nika i ka hana a Andrei Voznesensky, ka mea i mālama i nā pilina aloha me kona makuahine.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia nō kekahi o nā mea kākau moʻolelo o Turbina i ʻōlelo ʻo Voznesensky kona makuakāne maoli, akā ʻaʻole kākoʻo ʻia kēlā mau manaʻo e nā ʻoiaʻiʻo pono. Ma waho aʻe o ka pena ʻana, ua kākau ʻo Maya Nikanorkina i nā mele.
Mai ka wā kamaliʻi mai, ua ʻeha ʻo Nika Turbina i ka hānō, ka mea i ālai pinepine iā ia mai ka hiamoe ʻana i ka pō. Mai ka makahiki 4, i ka wā o ka hiamoe ʻole, ua noi ʻo ia i kona makuahine e kākau i nā paukū ma lalo o ke dictation, a, i kona manaʻo, ua kamaʻilio pū ke Akua iā ia.
ʻO nā mele, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, pili i nā ʻike pilikino o ke kaikamahine a kākau ʻia i ka paukū hakahaka. ʻAneʻane kaumaha loa lākou a pau me ke kaumaha.
Hana Hou
I ka manawa ma kahi o 7 mau makahiki o Nika, ua hōʻike kona makuahine i kāna mau mele i ka mea kākau kaulana ʻo Yulian Semenov. I ka manawa a ka mea kākau i heluhelu ai iā lākou ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke manaʻoʻiʻo he kaikamahine liʻiliʻi ka mea nāna i haku nā mele.
Mahalo i ke kākoʻo o Semenov, ua paʻi ʻia nā hana a Turbina ma Komsomolskaya Pravda. Mai kēlā manawa i kāna moʻomeheu i loaʻa ai i ka wahine wahine mele mele ke kaulana nui i waena o kāna mau kamaʻāina.
A laila ke kaikamahine, ma ke aʻo a kona makuahine, lawe i ka inoa pseudonym "Nika Turbina", a ma hope lilo i inoa nona a me ka inoa i loko o kāna passport. Ma nā makahiki 8 ua kākau ʻo ia i nā mele he nui a lawa lākou e hana i ka hōʻiliʻili "Draft", i unuhi ʻia i nā ʻōlelo he nui.
He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo ua kōkua ʻo Yevgeny Yevtushenko iā Nika i kēlā me kēia ala kūpono, i kāna ola pilikino a pilikino. Ua ʻike ʻo ia ua heluhelu ʻia kāna mau hana e nā poʻe he nui i hiki, ʻaʻole wale ma ka USSR, akā ma nā ʻāina ʻē pū kekahi.
ʻO ka hopena, ma ke kuhi a Yevtushenko, ua lilo ʻo Turbina he 10 mau makahiki i mea komo i ka hoʻokūkū mele poʻomanaʻo "Poets and the Earth", i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma loko o ka papahana o ka Venice Forum. He mea pīhoihoi ka mālama ʻia ʻana o kēia kolamu i kēlā me kēia makahiki i kēlā me kēia 2 makahiki, a ʻo nā kiure mai nā ʻāina like ʻole ka mea i hoʻokolokolo ʻia.
Ma hope o kahi hana kūleʻa, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Nika Turbina i ka makana nui - ka "Liona Gula". Ua hoʻonani ke kaikamahine i ka Soviet Union a hana iā ia e kākau e pili ana iā ia iho i ka nūpepa honua. Kāhea lākou iā ia he keiki prodigy a hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaopopo pehea e hoʻokele ai kahi keiki e kākau i nā mele "makua" i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka ʻehaʻeha a me nā ʻike.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua noho ʻo Nika a me kona makuahine ma Moscow. I kēlā manawa, ua male hou ka wahine, ma muli o ka hopena ua hānau ʻia kahi kaikuahine, ʻo Maria, na Turbina. Maanei ua hoʻomau ʻo ia e hele i ke kula, kahi i loaʻa ai iā ia nā mākala mediocre a hakakā pinepine me nā kumu.
I ka makahiki 1987, kipa aku ʻo Turbina i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi āna i ʻōlelo ai e launa pū me Joseph Brodsky. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua ʻike nā mea nānā iā ia i ke kiʻi ʻo It Was By the Sea. ʻO kēia kāna helehelena ʻelua a hope loa hoʻi ma ka papakaumaka nui, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua ʻae pinepine ke kaikamahine e makemake e lilo i mea hana keaka.
I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole heluhelu hou ʻo Nika i kāna mau mele, akā hoʻomau mau ʻo ia i ka kākau ʻana. I ka makahiki 1990, ua paʻi ʻia kāna ʻāpana mele ʻelua a hope loa "Steps Up, Steps Down ...".
Manaʻo ka poʻe biographers he nui ʻo Turbina i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka makuahine a me ke kupunawahine iā Nika ma ke ʻano he loaʻa kālā, e loaʻa ana i kona kaulana. Ua ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia lākou e hōʻike i ke kaikamahine i nā psychologists, ʻoiai ka hopena o ka nohona ʻino a me ka kaulana honua i hopena maikaʻi ʻole i kona kūlana noʻonoʻo.
I ka manawa like, hōʻole ʻo Yevtushenko e kiaʻi i ka haku wahine a ua oki ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kona mau ʻohana. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ke kāne ua hoʻāʻo wale ka makuahine a me ke kupunawahine o Turbina e loaʻa kālā iā ia. I loko o kahi nīnauele, ua kapa ʻia ka wahine haku mele he kumakaia nāna, akā ua lawe koke ʻo ia i kāna mau ʻōlelo.
ʻO ka hoʻohewa a me ka pilikia o ka mea kākau
ʻO ke kālena hiki ʻole ke wehewehe ʻia ʻo Nika Turbina ke kumu o ke kūkākūkā nui ʻana i ke kaiāulu. Eia kekahi, ua nīnau nā loea he nui i ka mea kākau o kāna mau mele, e ʻōlelo ana ua hiki iā lākou ke kākau ʻia e kona ʻohana.
I ka pane ʻana i kēlā mau hoʻopiʻi, ua hōʻike ke kaikamahine i ka mele "Mai kākau wau i kaʻu mau mele?" Ua aʻo ʻia kekahi o kāna mea kākau moʻolelo, ʻo Alexander Ratner, i nā pepa ola a me nā palapala i koe o ka haku mele, a ma hope ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia ʻaʻole nā mele āpau i kākau ʻia e Turbina, akā, no ka laʻana, na kona makuahine.
Ua haʻi nui nā loiloi iā Nick ma ke ʻano he tālena nui. ʻLelo lākou inā ʻaʻole no ka makahiki o ke kaikamahine, ʻaʻole lākou e nānā nui i kāna hana. Eia nō naʻe, nui nā mea kākau kākau i haʻi nui i kāna mau mele.
ʻO kā Turbina mea noʻeau, me kāna heluhelu ʻana i kāna hana ma ke kahua, kūpono i ka nānā nui ʻana. Wahi a ka Ratner like, ua ʻike ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mele i kāna hana ma mua o ka paʻi. ʻAe kekahi mau loea i ka ʻākoakoa ʻole o ka psyche o ke keiki me ke koʻikoʻi a kaulana, a laila poina ʻia.
ʻO ke ola e hiki mai ana
Ua ʻike ʻo Nika Turbina i ka lilo ʻana o ka kaulana me ka paʻakikī loa, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka noho kaumaha. I ke kula kiʻekiʻe, ua inu mua ʻo ia i ka wai ʻona, pili i nā kāne ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole noho mau i ka pō ma ka home, a ʻokiʻoki hoʻi i nā uaua.
Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi palapala hōʻoia, ua komo ʻo Turbina i VGIK, e makemake ana e hoʻohui i kona ola me ka hana. Eia naʻe, hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua lilo kona hoihoi i kāna noi ʻana a haʻalele i ke koleke.
I ka makahiki 1994, ua lilo ʻo Nika i haumana ma ke Keʻena ʻInikua o Moscow, kahi i ʻae ʻia ai me ka ʻole o nā hōʻike komo. I kēia manawa o kāna moʻomeheu, ua ʻike ʻo ia i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, i hōʻike ʻia iā ia iho i ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole o nā neʻe a me ka hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi ʻole.
No kekahi manawa, loaʻa iā Turbina nā māka kiʻekiʻe i nā aʻo āpau a hoʻomaka hou i ke kākau ʻana i nā mele. Eia naʻe, i ka lā o kona lā hānau 20, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e inu hou, haʻalele i kāna aʻo ʻana a haʻalele iā Yalta. Ma hope mai, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ola ma ke kula nui, akā ma ka ʻaoʻao leka wale nō.
I ka puna o 1997, ua inu ʻo Nika me kāna hoa aloha i loko o ke keʻena. I ka wā o nā hālāwai, ua hoʻomaka ka hakakā o ka poʻe ʻōpio. ʻO ke kaikamahine, e makemake ana e hoʻoweliweli i ke kāne, holo wikiwiki i ka pāpale, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kūʻē a hina i lalo.
I ka wā o ka hāʻule, ua hopu ke kaikamahine i ka lāʻau, a ua hoʻopakele i kona ola. Uha ʻo ia i kona iwi iwi a ʻeha kona iwi kuamoʻo. Lawe ka makuahine i kāna kaikamahine i Yalta no ka lāʻau. Ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo Turbine i kahi haukapila noʻonoʻo ma hope o ka hopu ʻana i ka lima kolohe, ʻo ia ka mea mua o kāna moʻomeheu.
Ma hope o kona ola ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki iā Nika ke loaʻa kahi hana no ka manawa lōʻihi. Eia nō naʻe, ua komo ʻo ia i nā hana keaka a kākau i nā kākau moʻolelo no nā pāʻani a nā keiki. Ua kaumaha loa ke kaikamahine a hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi ʻole i nā mele a kāna keiki.
Ke ola pilikino
I ka makahiki 16, ua hui ʻo Nika me ka psychiatrist Giovanni Mastropaolo, nāna i mālama i nā mea maʻi ma o ka hana noʻeau, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana a ka haku wahine. Ma kāna kono, hele ʻo ia i Kuikilana, kahi i hoʻomaka ai ʻo ia e noho pū me ke kauka.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo Mastropaolo he 60 mau makahiki ma mua o Turbina. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua pau ko lāua pilina a hoʻi ʻo ia i ka home. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, aloha ke kaikamahine me ke kanaka kūʻai manu ʻo Konstantin, ka mea āna i manaʻo ai e male maoli i ka lā ma hope o ko lāua hui ʻana.
ʻOiai hōʻole ke kāne e male iā Nika, ʻo ke aloha o ka poʻe ʻōpio ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ka moʻolelo pilikino a Turbina he hauʻoli. ʻO Alexander Mironov kāna hoa noho hope loa.
Pāpale
I Mei 2002, ua hoʻoponopono ʻo Mironov i kāna kaʻa, a ʻo Nika i hana ʻino, no ka makaʻu i ka haki o ka pilina. I kēlā manawa, inu pū ʻo Turbina me kāna hoa aloha ʻo Inna a me kāna mau hoaaloha i kahi hale kokoke.
I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiamoe ʻo Nika, ʻoiai ʻo Inna a me kāna ipo kāne i hele aku e kūʻai i kekahi ʻāpana ʻalekohola. E ala ana, ke kali nei ka haku wahine iā lākou, e noho ana ma ka puka aniani o ka papa 5 me kona mau wāwae e kau ana i lalo. Ke loaʻa nei ka pilikia i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, maopopo leʻa huli ʻo ia a kau ʻia mai ka puka aniani.
ʻO nā mea hele i lohe i ka ʻuwā hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻāʻo e kōkua i ke kaikamahine, akā ʻaʻohe o lākou manawa. Ua hina ʻo ia i lalo, me ka ʻeha nui loa. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kauka i hiki i ka manawa ke hoʻopakele iā ia, no ka hopena ua make ke kaikamahine mai ke kahe o ke koko.
Ua make ʻo Nika Turbina ma ka lā 11 o Mei 2002 i ka makahiki 27.
Na Nika Turbina i kiʻi
