ʻO kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo kūkulu hale kahi i hoʻomaka ai ka mōʻaukala o Kazan, ka mea nui a me ka puʻuwai o ke kapikala o Tatarstan, e haʻi nei i kona mōʻaukala i nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO kēia ka Kazan Kremlin - kahi paʻakikī nui e hoʻohui i ka mōʻaukala a me nā kuʻuna o nā lāhui ʻelua.
Ka Mōʻaukala o ka Kazan Kremlin
Kūkulu ʻia ka hale mōʻaukala a me ka hoʻolālā hale i nā kenekulia he nui. ʻO nā hale mua i hala i ke kenekulia 12, i ka wā i lilo ai ia i waho o ka Volga Bulgaria. I ke kenekulia 13, noho ka Golden Horde ma aneʻi, kahi i noho ai kēia wahi i ka noho aliʻi o Kazan holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO Ivana ka Weliweli, me kāna pūʻali koa, lawe iā Kazan, ma muli o kahi hopena i hōʻino ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hale, a ua luku loa ʻia nā mosque. Ua kiʻi aku ʻo Grozny i nā mea kālaiʻike ʻo Pskov i ke kūlanakauhale, ka mea nāna i hōʻike i ko lākou mākaukau ma Moscow e ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka Hale Pule Nui o St. Basil ka Pōmaikaʻi. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou i ka hana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i Kremlin pōhaku keʻokeʻo.
I ke kenekulia 17, ua hoʻololi loa ʻia nā mea o nā hale pale - ua hoʻololi ʻia ka lāʻau e ka pōhaku. Ma loko o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki, ua hoʻokau ka Kremlin i ka hana i kahi pūʻali koa a lilo i kikowaena kikowaena nui o ka ʻāina. I nā kenekulia ʻelua e hiki mai ana, ua kūkulu ikaika ʻia nā hale hou ma ka ʻāina: kūkulu hou ʻia ka Hale Pule Nui Hoʻolaha, kahi kula cadet, kahi paʻa a kūkulu ʻia ka Hale Aliʻi o ke kiaʻāina.
ʻO ke kipi o ka makahiki ʻumikūmāhiku i alakaʻi i ka luku hou, i kēia manawa ʻo ka Spasky Monastery. I nā makahiki kanaiwa kenekulia iwakālua, ua hoʻolilo ka Pelekikena o Tatarstan iā Kremlin i kahi noho no nā pelekikena. Ua māka ʻo 1995 i ka hoʻomaka o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o kekahi o nā mosika nui loa ma ʻEulopa - Kul-Sharif.
Ka wehewehe ʻana o nā hanana nui
Hoʻolahalaha ka Kazan Kremlin no 150 mau mika kūlike, a ʻo kona lōʻihi o nā paia i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua mau kilomita. ʻEkolu mika ka laulā o nā paia a 6 mika ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka paʻakikī kahi hui kū hoʻokahi o nā hōʻailona Orthodox a me Muslim.
Halepule ʻo Blagoveshchensky kūkulu ʻia i ke kenekulia 16 a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka luakini o kēia manawa, no ka mea ua hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ia. I ka makahiki 1922, ua nalowale nā mea kahiko he nui mai ka hale pule mau loa: nā kiʻiona, nā palapala, nā puke.
Hale aliʻi pelekikena kūkulu ʻia i ke kanahā o ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāiwa i kahi kaila i kapa ʻia ʻo pseudo-Byzantine. Aia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka paʻakikī. Eia ma nā kenekulia 13-14 ka hale aliʻi o nā Kazan khans.
Kul Sharif - ka mosque kaulana a kaulana loa o ka Repubalika, kūkulu ʻia no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka milenio o Kazan. ʻO ka pahuhopu e hana hou i ka hiʻohiʻona o ka mosque kahiko o ka khanate, aia ma aneʻi i nā kenekulia i hala. ʻOi aku ka nani o Kul-Sharif i ke ahiahi, ke hāʻawi ka hoʻomālamalama iā ia i kahi ʻano kupaianaha.
Kaulana pū ʻia ka Kremlin no nā hale kiaʻi ponoʻī kaulana. I ka mua, aia he 13 o lākou, ʻo 8 wale nō ka mea i ola i ko mākou manawa. ʻO ka mea kaulana i waena o nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ʻo Spasskaya a me Taynitskaya, i kūkulu ʻia i ke kenekulia 16 a ke hana nei ma ke ʻano he ʻīpuka. ʻAoʻao mua Hale kiaʻi ʻo Spasskaya kuhikuhi ʻia i ke alanui nui o ka paʻakikī. Ua puhi ʻo ia a kūkulu hou i mau manawa, ua kūkulu ʻia a kūkulu hou ʻia a hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o kona helehelena o kēia manawa.
Hale kiaʻi ʻo Taynitskaya Loaʻa kēia inoa ma muli o ke alo o kahi ala huna i alakaʻi ʻia i kahi kumu wai a maikaʻi i ka wā o ka sieges a me ka hakakā. Ma o ia lā ua komo ka Lūkia ʻo Tsar ʻIvani ka weliweli i ka Kremlin ma hope o kona lanakila.
ʻO kekahi hale kiaʻi kaulana, ʻo Syuyumbike, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kāna "kaikuahine" ʻItalia - ka Hale kiaʻi o Pisa. ʻO ke kumu o kēia ka ʻaneʻane kokoke ʻelua mika mai ka axis nui, i kū ma muli o ka iho o ke kumu. Ua lono ʻia ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka hale kiaʻi e nā mea kūkulu hale i kūkulu i ka Moscow Kremlin, ʻo ia ke kumu e like ai me ka hale kiaʻi Borovitskaya. Kūkulu ʻia ia nā pōhaku lepo a ʻehiku mau ʻanuʻu a 58 mau mika ka lōʻihi. Aia kahi kuʻuna o ka hana ʻana i kahi makemake e ka hoʻopā ʻana i kona mau paia.
Ma kahi kokoke i ka panalāʻau o Kremlin Mausoleum, ma kahi o nā kanu Kazan ʻelua i kanu ʻia. Ua wehe hāmeʻa ʻia i ka wā e hoʻāʻo nei lākou e hoʻokō i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua uhi ʻia me kahi dome kīʻaha ma luna.
Hale pā kanu ʻo Cannon - ʻo kēia kahi o nā wahi nui loa no ka hana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā pū kī. Hoʻomaka ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hana i 1815, i ka wā i ahi ai ke ahi, a 35 mau makahiki ma hope ua pau ka noho ʻana o ka paʻakikī.
Kula ʻo Junker ʻO ia kekahi mea Kremlin hoihoi aʻe, i lawelawe ʻia ma ke kenekulia 18 ma ke ʻano he arsenal, i ka kenekulia 19 ma ke ʻano he hale hana pūkuniahi, a i ko mākou manawa lawelawe no nā hōʻike. Aia kekahi lālā o ka St. Petersburg Hermitage a me ka hale hōʻikeʻike ʻo Khazine.
ʻO ke kumukūʻai kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea hoʻolālā, Aia ia i kahi paka i puni i nā pua.
Nā hale hōʻikeʻike ʻo Kazan Kremlin
Ma waho aʻe o nā hanana mōʻaukala, nui nā hale hōʻikeʻike ma ka ʻāina o Kazan Kremlin. Ma waena o nā mea hoihoi loa:
Huakaʻi
ʻO nā huakaʻi i Kazan Kremlin kahi manawa kūpono e ʻike ai i ka mōʻaukala, ka moʻomeheu a me nā loina o Tatarstan āpau. Mālama ka paʻakikī i nā mea hoihoi, nā mea pohihihi a me nā mea huna, no laila mai haʻalele i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻonā iā lākou a lawe i nā kiʻi hoʻomanaʻo.
ʻO kēlā me kēia hale hōʻikeʻike aia ma ka teritori o ka paʻakikī kahi keʻena kikoʻī ponoʻī. No ka 2018, aia kahi manawa kūpono e kūʻai i kahi likiki hoʻokahi no 700 rubles, kahi e wehe ai i nā puka i nā hale hōʻikeʻike āpau. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o nā kumukūʻai balota no nā haumāna a me nā haumāna.
Hoʻololi nā hola wehe i nā kumu no nā kumu he nui. Hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i ka ʻāina no ka manuahi i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa ma o ka Spassky Gate. Hiki ke kipa ma o ka Taynitskaya Tower mai 8:00 a 18:00 mai ʻOkakopa a ʻApelila, a mai 8:00 a 22:00 mai Mei a ʻAukake. E ʻoluʻolu e pāpā ʻia ka paʻi kiʻi ʻana a me ke paʻi wikiō ʻana i nā hale pule o Kazan Kremlin.
Pehea e kiʻi ai i Kazan Kremlin?
Aia ka mea hoʻonanea ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka muliwai ʻo Kazanka, kahi luna o ka Volga. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i ka mea nui o Kazan ma nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO nā kaʻa (No. 6, 15, 29, 35, 37, 47) a me nā trolleybuses (No. 1, 4, 10, 17 a me 18) e hele ma aneʻi, pono ʻoe e hele ma nā kū ʻo "Central Stadium", "Palace of Sports" a i ʻole "TSUM". Ma kahi kokoke i Kazan Kremlin aia kahi Kremlevskaya metro station, kahi e loaʻa ai nā ala mai nā wahi like ʻole o ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO ka helu kikoʻī o ka paʻakikī mōʻaukala ma Kazan ka st. ʻO Kremlin, 2.
