No hoʻokahi milenio holoʻokoʻa, ʻo Byzantium, a i ʻole ka Emepela Roma Hikina, i noho ma ke ʻano he panihakahaka no ka Roma Kuno i ka nohona. ʻO ka mokuʻāina me kona kapena nui ma Constantinople ʻaʻole i nele ka pilikia, akā ua kūpale ia me ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana a ka poʻe barbarians, ka mea i hoʻopau koke i ka Roman Roman Empire. I ka Emepaea, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻepekema, nā hana noʻeau a me nā kānāwai, a ua aʻo maikaʻi ʻia ka lāʻau Byzantine a ʻo nā mea hōʻola Arab paha. I ka hopena o kona ola ʻana, ʻo ka Emepela ka wahi mālamalama wale nō ma ka palapala ʻāina o ʻEulopa, i hāʻule i loko o nā wā pōʻeleʻele o ke au waena waena. He mea nui nō hoʻi ʻo Byzantium e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā hoʻoilina Helene a me ko Roma. E hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ka mōʻaukala o ka Roman Roman Empire me ke kōkua o kekahi mau mea hoihoi.
1. Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, ʻaʻohe mahele o ka Emepera Roma. ʻOiai i nā lā o ka lokahi, ua lilo koke ka mokuʻāina i ka pilina ma muli o ka nui loa. No laila, ʻo nā ʻemepela o ka ʻaoʻao komohana a me ka hikina o ka mokuʻāina he mau luna hoʻomalu maʻamau.
2. Aia ʻo Byzantium mai 395 (make o ka mōʻī Roma ʻo Theodosius I) a i 1453 (hopu ʻia e nā Tureke ʻo Constantinopole).
3. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka inoa "Byzantium" a i ʻole "Byzantine Empire" i loaʻa mai nā mea kākau moʻolelo Roma. ʻO nā kamaʻāina o ka Emepela Hikina lākou i kapa aku ai i ka ʻāina ʻo ka Emepera Roma, ʻo lākou nā Roma ("Roma"), iā Constantinople ka New Roma.
ʻO ka ikaika o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka Byzantine Empire
4. ʻO ka teritori e kāohi ʻia e Constantinople e kuʻi mau ana, e hoʻonui ana ma lalo o nā ʻemepela ikaika a e holoholo ana ma lalo o nā mea nāwaliwali. I ka manawa like, ua loli ka wahi o ka mokuʻāina i kekahi manawa. ʻO ka ikaika o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka Byzantine Empire
5. Loaʻa iā Byzantium kāna analogue ponoʻī o nā kipi kala. I ka 532, ua hoʻomaka ka lehulehu e hōʻike i ka hauʻoli loa i nā kulekele koʻikoʻi o ka Emepera Justinian. Ua kono ka mōʻī i ka poʻe kolohe e kūkākūkā ma ka Hippodrome, kahi i hoʻopau wale ai ka pūʻali koa i ka poʻe makemake ʻole ʻia. Kākau ka poʻe mōʻaukala e pili ana i nā kaukani mau make he ʻumi, ʻoiai ʻoi aku paha ka nui o kēia kiʻi.
6. ʻO ka hoʻomana Kalikiano kekahi mea nui i ka piʻi ʻana o ka Emepaea Roma Hikina. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hopena o ka Emepera, hana maikaʻi ʻole ia: he nui loa nā kahe o ka hoʻomana Karistiano i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole ia i kōkua i ka lokahi kūloko.
7. I ke kenekulia 7, ua hōʻike ka poʻe ʻArabia i hakakā me Constantinople i kēlā ʻano hoʻomanawanui i nā hoʻomana ʻē aʻe i makemake nā ʻohana ma lalo o Byzantium e noho ma lalo o kā lākou noho aliʻi.
8. No 22 mau makahiki i ka 8th - 9 mau kenekulia ua noho aliʻi kekahi wahine ma Byzantium - he kuhina mua me kāna keiki kāne, nāna ia i hoʻomakapo, a laila kahi mōʻī wahine piha. ʻOiai ka hoʻomāinoino nui i kāna keiki ponoʻī, ua koho ʻia ʻo Irina no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kiʻi i nā hale pule.
9. Hoʻomaka nā hui o Byzantium me nā Lūkini i ka kenekulia 9. Ua kipaku ka mōʻī i nā hahau a kona mau hoanoho mai nā ʻaoʻao a pau, mai ka ʻākau i uhi ʻia e ke Kai ʻEleʻele. No nā Slav, ʻaʻole ia he mea keʻakeʻa, no laila pono nā Byzantines e hoʻouna i nā mikiona diplomas i ka ʻākau.
10. Ua kahakaha ʻia ke kenekulia ʻumi e kahi mau o nā hakakā a me nā kūkākūkā kaua ma waena o Rūsia a me Byzantium. Ua pau nā hoʻouka kaua iā Constantinople (e like me kā Slavs i kapa ʻia ʻo Constantinople) me nā degere like ʻole o ka kūleʻa. I ka makahiki 988, ua bapetizo ʻia ʻo Prince Vladimir, nāna i hoʻokipa i ke kamāliʻiwahine Byzantine ʻo Anna i wahine nāna, a ua hoʻokuʻikahi like ʻo Rūsia a me Byzantium.
11. ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka hale pule Kalikiano i loko o ka hale pule Orthodox me ke kikowaena ma Constantinople a me ka hale pule Katolika me ke kikowaena ma ʻItalia i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1054 i loko o kahi wā nāwaliwali nui o ka Byzantine Empire. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka o ka emi ʻana o Nū Roma.
ʻO ka ʻino ʻana o Constantinople e nā crusaders
12. I ka 1204, ua hopu ʻia ʻo Constantinople e nā ʻauʻaaoa. Ma hope o ka luku nui ʻana, ka hao wale ʻana a me nā ahi, ua heleleʻi ka heluna o ke kūlanakauhale mai 250 a 50,000. He nui nā hana moʻomeheu a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo o ka mōʻaukala i hoʻopau ʻia. ʻO ka ʻino ʻana o Constantinople e nā crusaders
13. I ke komo ʻana i ka Crusade ʻEhā, ua naʻi ʻia ʻo Constantinople e kahi hui o 22 i komo.
Lawe ʻo Ottomans iā Constantinople
14. I nā kenekulia 14 a me 15, nā ʻenemi nui o Byzantium nā Ottomans. Ua kāʻili liʻiliʻi lākou i nā panalāʻau o ka emepela e nā panalāʻau, kahi panalāʻau i kahi panalāʻau, a hiki i ka 1453 ua hopu ʻo Sultan Mehmed II iā Constantinople, a hoʻopau i ka mōʻī aupuni ikaika. Lawe ʻo Ottomans iā Constantinople
15. ʻO ka elite hoʻomalu o ka Byzantine Empire i ʻike ʻia e ka neʻe pilikanaka koʻikoʻi. Mai kēlā manawa a kēia manawa, nā mea hoʻolimalima kālā, nā mahiʻai, a me hoʻokahi mea hoʻololi kālā i komo i loko o nā ʻemepela. Ua pili kēia i nā kūlana aupuni kiʻekiʻe loa.
16. Hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ka Emepela e ka degradation o ka pūʻali koa. ʻO nā hoʻoilina o ka pūʻali koa ikaika loa a me ka navy i hopu iā ʻItalia a me ʻApelika ʻĀkau kokoke i Ceuta he mau koa 5,000 wale nō i pale aku iā Constantinople mai ka Ottomans i 1453.
ʻO Monument iā Cyril lāua ʻo Methodius
17. ʻO Cyril lāua ʻo Methodius, ka mea nāna i hana i ka pīʻāpā Slavic, ʻo Byzantines lākou.
18. Nui loa nā ʻohana Byzantine. I ka manawa pinepine, noho kekahi mau hanauna o ka ʻohana ma ka ʻohana like, mai nā kupuna kāne a nā moʻopuna. ʻO nā ʻohana pālua i kamaʻāina iā mākou ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā aliʻi. Ua male lāua a ua male lāua i ka makahiki 14-15.
19. Ua pili ka hana a ka wahine i ka ʻohana ma ka mea i pili iā ia. ʻO nā wahine maʻamau ke kiaʻi o ka hale, uhi ʻia ko lākou alo i nā kapa moe a ʻaʻole i haʻalele i ko lākou hapalua o ka hale. Hiki i nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka strata kiʻekiʻe o ke kaiāulu ke hoʻohuli i ka politika i ka mokuʻāina holoʻokoʻa.
20. Me ka pili loa o ka nui o nā wahine mai ka honua waho, ua nānā nui ʻia i ko lākou nani. Ua makemake nui ʻia nā mea hoʻonani, nā aila a me nā mea ʻala. Lawe pinepine ʻia lākou mai nā ʻāina mamao loa.
21. ʻO ka lā nui i ka Mōʻī Hui Pū ʻIa Hikina ka lā hānau o ke kapikala - Mei 11. Ua uhi ʻia nā pāʻina a me nā ʻahaʻaina i ka heluna lehulehu o ka ʻāina, a ʻo ke kikowaena o ka lā nui ka Hippodrome ma Konatinopole.
22. He poʻe hoʻomāʻewaʻewa loa ka poʻe Byzantine. ʻO nā kāhuna, ma muli o nā hopena o ka hoʻokūkū, ua koi ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa e pāpā i nā leʻaleʻa maikaʻi ʻole e like me ka dice, nā kīʻaha a me nā chess, waiho wale i ke kaʻa uila - kahi pāʻani o ka pōpō me nā hui kūikawā.
23. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻepekema i ka nui, ʻaʻole nānā ka Byzantines i ka manaʻo i nā ʻepekema, e ʻike wale ʻia me nā ʻikepili i hoʻohana ʻia o ka ʻike ʻepekema. ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hana lākou i ka napalm medieval - "ahi Helene" - akā ʻo ke kumu a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka aila he mea pohihihi iā lākou.
24. He ʻōnaehana loea i kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia ka Byzantine Empire i hui pū ʻia ke kānāwai Roma kahiko a me nā code hou. Ua hoʻohana ikaika ʻia ka hoʻoilina loio Byzantine e nā aliʻi Lūkini.
25. I kinohi, he ʻōlelo Latina ka ʻōlelo kākau a Byzantium, a ʻōlelo ka poʻe Byzantine i ka ʻōlelo Helene, a ʻokoʻa kēia Helene mai ka Helene Kahiko a me ka Helene o kēia manawa. ʻAʻole i hoʻomaka ke kākau ʻana ma ka Greek Greek byzantine a hiki i ke kenekulia 7.
