Ma ka hopena o ka 18th a me ka hapa mua o nā kenekulia 19, ua hana ka palapala Lūkini i kahi holomua ikaika i kona ulu ʻana. I loko o nā makahiki he umi, ua lilo ia i mea holomua loa i ka honua. Ua ʻike ʻia nā inoa o nā mea kākau Lūkini ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO Pushkin, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Gogol, Griboyedov - ʻo kēia wale nō nā inoa kaulana loa.
Aia kekahi mea kiʻi ma waho o ka manawa, akā i ka manawa like pili ia i kāna manawa ponoʻī. No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kekahi hana, pono ʻoe e ʻike ʻaʻole wale i kāna ʻike, akā i ka pōʻaiapili o kāna hana ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike ʻo ka Pugachev Uprising kekahi mea hoʻoweliweli nui loa i ka noho ʻana o ka mokuʻāina Lūkia i kāna mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa, hiki i ke kaikamahine a Kāpena ʻo Pushkin ke manaʻo ʻia he hana keaka ʻuhane waimaka. Akā i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ka hiki i ka mokuʻāina ke haʻalulu, a kūpaʻa mau ka ʻuhane o ka poʻe i ka manawa like, ʻano ʻokoʻa ka helehelena o Pyotr Grinev.
I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hoʻololi a nalowale paha nā mea maoli he nui. A ʻaʻole makemake nā mea kākau iā lākou iho e "nau" i nā kikoʻī i ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia i ka wā kākau. ʻO kekahi mea i nā hana o ʻelua haneli mau makahiki i hala aku nei hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ka hana ʻana i nā nīnau maʻalahi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā "ʻuhane" he poʻe lawelawe a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā makahiki: hiki ke loaʻa kahi aliʻi a helu paha i ʻelua mau kaomi. Akā aia kekahi mau mea e koi ana i kahi noiʻi hou aʻe e wehewehe.
1. He mea hoihoi ka hōʻike ʻia ʻana o nā loina o ka nohona Lūkini a me nā palapala moʻokalaleo Lūkia ma kahi o ka manawa like. ʻOiai, aia nā lula a me nā palapala ma mua o kēlā, akā ma ka hopena o ka 18th - hapa mua o nā kenekulia 19 i hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻolaha ākea loa. No laila ke ʻano maʻalahi ʻole o nā ʻano moʻokalaleo ʻē aʻe e like me Taras Skotinin a i ʻole Mikhail Semyonovich Sobakevich hiki ke wehewehe ʻia e ko lākou ʻike ʻole i nā intricacies o ka loina.
2. I ka maka mua o kā Denis Fonvizin's comedy "The Minor" ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Mrs. Prostakova i ka serf no kahi caftan i humuhumu maikaʻi ʻole ʻia. ʻO nā lole, e humuhumu maoli ʻia - a ʻo ka haku hana ponoʻī nō ia e ʻae i kēia, a kono i ka wahine hoʻokipa e huli i kahi loea i aʻo ʻia e humuhumu. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ia - ua aʻo ʻia nā mea kāhiko mai kekahi, he aha ka ʻaoʻao paʻakikī? ʻAʻole ia e hoʻokaʻulua e kāhea i nā manaʻo paio o ka serf "bestial". ʻAʻole hoʻonui kēia hiʻohiʻona i ka mea kākau. ʻO kēia mau aupuni a Palani a pau, nā quafer, nā mea hoʻopaʻa lole, a pēlā aku, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia e nā mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ʻole o nā aliʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā aliʻi kiʻekiʻe i pae i hana ʻia me nā proxies, dunks a me nā rana. I ka manawa like, kiʻekiʻe nā koi no nā mea hana lima ulu. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e kūlike - malia paha i ka hale paʻa ma lalo o ka whipa.
3. Nā ʻāpana he nui o ka male ʻana i wehewehe ʻia ma nā puke Lūkia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e hoʻonani i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Ua male ʻia nā kaikamahine me ka ʻike ʻole i ko lākou manaʻo, me ka hui ʻole ʻana me ke kāne mare, i ka nui o ka nui. ʻO Peter wau i koi ʻia e hoʻopuka i kahi ʻōlelo hoʻoholo ʻekolu mau manawa e pāpā ana i ka male ʻana o ka poʻe ʻōpio me ka pili aloha ʻole. Makehewa! ʻO ka Emepera, ka mea e alakaʻi nei i nā pūʻali koa he tausani i ke kaua, a ma mua ona ka weliweli o ʻEulopa, ʻaʻohe o lākou mana. No kekahi manawa lōʻihi i loko o nā hale pule, ʻo nā nīnau e pili ana inā makemake ka poʻe ʻōpio e male a me ke koho manawaleʻa ʻana a lākou i hoʻohauʻoli ai i nā ʻaoʻao kihi o ka luakini. ʻO Nicholas I, i ka pane ʻana i kāna leka mai kāna kaikamahine ʻo Olga, ka mea i noi no kahi hoʻomaikaʻi no ka male, ua kākau ʻo ia: aia wale nō iā ia ke kuleana e hoʻoholo i kona hopena e like me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana a ke Akua. ʻAneʻane ka manaʻo manuahi. Ua mālama nā mākua i kā lākou kaikamahine e like me kā lākou waiwai a i ʻole kapikala paha - ua hōʻike ʻia ka male ma ke ʻano he hoʻopakele no nā mākua ʻelemakule i waiho ʻole me kahi ʻāpana berena. A ʻo ka manaʻo "pale i ka ʻōpio" ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo hopohopo nui loa no kāna kaikamahine aloha. ʻO ka makuahine o kahi kaikamahine, male ʻia i ka makahiki 15, noho me ka ʻōpio a ʻaʻole i ʻae i kāna kāne e hoʻohana i kāna kuleana. ʻO ke keikikāne kaulana ʻo Petersburg, ʻo Prince Alexander Kurakin, i loaʻa kona kūlana i ka makahiki 26. I ka hoʻoholo ʻana e noho i lalo, ua ʻae ʻo ia iā ia iho e mare i ke kaikamahine a ke Kamāliʻiwahine Dashkova (ka hoa like o Empress Catherine, ka mea aʻo, ka Academy of Science, nā mea pāʻani a me nā makasina). ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā ia ka dowry, ʻaʻole hoʻi ka wahine, hoʻomanawanui ʻo Kurakin no ʻekolu mau makahiki, a laila holo wale ʻo ia.
ʻO Vasily Pukirev. "Male kaulike"
4. He mea nui ʻole ke kuhi o ka moʻolelo "Poor Liza" na Nikolai Karamzin. ʻAʻole hoʻonele ʻia nā moʻolelo o ka honua i nā moʻolelo e pili ana i nā kaikamahine i ke aloha i loaʻa ʻole ka hauʻoli i ke aloha no kekahi kanaka mai kekahi papa ʻē aʻe. ʻO Karamzin ka mea kākau mua ma nā puke Lūkini i kākau i kahi pānaʻi hackneyed mai ke ʻano o ka romantism. Hoʻopuka ka mea ʻeha ʻo Lisa i kahi ʻino o ke aloha mai ka mea heluhelu. Ua loaʻa i ka mea kākau ka hemahema e wehewehe pono i ka loko iʻa a Lisa i piholo ai. Ua lilo ka waihona i wahi o ka huakaʻi no nā wahine ʻōpio maʻalahi. Wale, ke hoʻoholo nei i nā wehewehe o ka poʻe o ka wā, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika o kēia ʻike. ʻO nā loina o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka poʻe hanohano e ʻike nui ʻia ma o nā huakaʻi like o A.S. Pushkin a i ʻole nā poʻe o ka wā, nā Decembrists. ʻAʻole i lihi hope nā pōʻai lalo. Ma kahi kokoke i nā kūlanakauhale nui a ma nā ʻāina nui, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻolimalima ma mua o 10 - 15 rubles i kēlā me kēia makahiki, no laila ʻo nā rubles ʻelua i loaʻa mai kahi keonimana i makemake i ke aloha he kōkua nui. Iʻa wale nō i loaʻa i nā loko iʻa.
5. I loko o ka comedy poetic na Alexander Griboyedov "Auē mai Wit", e like me kāu e ʻike ai, aia ʻelua mau moʻolelo pili pili liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hiki iā lākou ke kapa ʻia "aloha" (ka triangle Chatsky - Sophia - Molchalin) a me "socio-politika" (ka pilina o Chatsky me ka honua ʻo Moscow). Me ka lima māmā o V.G Belinsky, ua nānā mua ʻia i ka lua, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka hoihoi o ka triangle i kāna ala ponoʻī. I loko o nā makahiki o ke kākau ʻana i ka hoʻomākeʻaka, ʻo ka male ʻana i kahi kaikamahine hanohano a ʻoi aku paha i lilo i pilikia. Hoʻowahāwahā nā makuakāne i kā lākou waiwai, ʻaʻole i waiho i kahi dote no kā lākou mau kaikamahine. ʻO kope i ʻike ʻia o kekahi o ko A. Pushkin hoaaloha, i kiʻi ʻia e ka mālamalama. I ka nīnau ʻana i ka mea i male i ka keiki makua ʻole NN, pane leo nui ʻo ia: "ʻEwalu kaukani kauā!" No laila, no ka makuakāne o Sofia Famusov, ʻaʻole ka pilikia ka mea kākau manawa ʻo Molchalin e noho i kāna mau pō i loko o ka lumi moe o kāna kaikamahine (pono wau e ʻōlelo, me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe), akā me he mea lā e like me Chatsky, ka mea i ʻike ma kahi i noho ai ʻo ia i ʻekolu mau makahiki, hoʻi hou a huikau nā kāleka a pau. ʻAʻohe kālā a Famusov no kahi dowry maikaʻi.
6. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka lako nui o nā wahine mare ma ka mākeke male ʻaʻole i hoʻokau nā kāne i kahi kūlana hanohano. Ma hope o ke Kaua Patriotic o 1812, ua kū nā koa he nui. Akā ʻo ka hana a Catherine, ka mea nāna i hoʻohui i nā haneli, inā ʻaʻole kaukani mau ʻuhane i nā makana, pau loa i ka wā ma mua. Kaʻawe ʻia me nā kauoha a me nā mea kaua hanohano, ua hiki nō i ke kolonela ke hana i uku. Ua hāʻawi ka waiwai a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka loaʻa kālā, a ua moraki ʻia a moraki hou ʻia. No laila, ʻaʻole i nānā pono nā mākua o nā "dowry" i nā kūlana a me nā kauoha. ʻO General Arseny Zakrevsky, ka mea i hōʻike maikaʻi iā ia iho i ka wā o ke kaua, a laila hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he poʻokela o ka pūʻali koa ʻike a me ka hope aliʻi o ka General (General) Staff, i manaʻo e male i kekahi o nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā Tolstoy lehulehu. No kahi kaikamahine i kapa ʻia ʻo Agrafena hāʻawi lākou i 12,000 mau ʻuhane, no laila i mea e male ai, ua hana ʻia kahi match match pilikino o Emperor Alexander I. Akā ʻo ka pūkaua kaulana ʻo Alexei Ermolov, ma hope o kona hiki ʻole ke male i kāna kaikamahine aloha no kāna "nele i ka waiwai", haʻalele hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaka i kahi ʻohana, a noho pū me nā haiā wahine Caucasian.
7. ʻO "Deromantization" kahi huaʻōlelo mālamalama i haku ʻia e nā loiloi e wehewehe i ka moʻolelo o A. Pushkin "Dubrovsky". ʻ Saylelo aku, ua hoʻokalakupua ka haku mele i kāna meʻe, e wehewehe ana i ka inu ʻana o Petersburg, nā kāleka, nā duels a me nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola pio ʻole o nā kiaʻi. I ka manawa like, deromantized pū kekahi prototype o Troekurov. ʻO Tula lāua ʻo Ryazan ka mea nona ka ʻāina ʻo Lev Izmailov no 30 mau makahiki i hōʻehaʻeha i kāna mau lawelawe i nā ala āpau. ʻO Izmailov kekahi o ka poʻe i kapa ʻia "ke kākoʻo o ka noho aliʻi" - me ka lima hoʻokahi ua kahakaha ʻo ia i nā mea lawelawe a make, a ʻo ka lua ua hana ʻo ia i militia no kāna mau miliona rubles ponoʻī a ʻo ia nō i piʻi aʻe ma lalo o nā pōkā a me ka buckshot. ʻAʻole ka diabolo iā ia he kaikaina iā ia, ʻaʻole like me ka mōʻī - i ka wā i haʻi ʻia aku iā ia ua pāpā aku ʻo Nicholas I e hoʻopaʻi i nā mea lawelawe me ka hao, ua ʻōlelo ka mea nona ka ʻāina ua noa ka mōʻī e hana i nā mea āna e makemake ai ma kāna mau ʻāina, akā ʻo ia ka haku o kāna ʻāina. Ua hana ʻo Izmailov i ke ʻano kūpono me kona mau hoanoho-ʻona konohiki - hahau ʻo ia iā lākou, hoʻolei iā lākou i ka hulu, a he mea nui ʻole ia e lawe i ke kauhale. Ua uhi ka poʻe kiaʻi o ke kapikala a me nā luna o ka moku i kūʻai ʻia i kahi hoʻomāinoino no kahi manawa lōʻihi. ʻOiai ʻo ke kauoha a ka mōʻī, ua hānai ʻia i ke ākea. I ka wā i huhū ai ʻo Nikolai, ʻaʻohe mea e māʻona. Ua lawe ʻia nā mea āpau mai Izmailov, a ua loaʻa pū i nā keʻena.
8. ʻAneʻane nā koa koa moʻokalaleo-luna i piʻi aʻe i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe, i ka maka o ka mea heluhelu, ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki, e ʻelemakule ke nānā aku ma mua o ka manaʻo o nā mea kākau. E hoʻomanaʻo kākou i ke kāne a Pushkin's Tatiana, ka heroine o Eugene Onegin. Ua male ʻo Tatiana i kahi keiki aliʻi, a me he mea lā he kāne kēia o nā makahiki kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā ia ka inoa ʻohana, no laila, "Prince N", ʻoiai ua lawa nā inoa a me nā inoa i loko o ka puke. ʻO Pushkin, i hoʻolaʻa ʻia ma kahi o ʻumikūmālua mau ʻōlelo i ke keiki aliʻi, ʻaʻole ia e ʻōlelo i nā wahi ʻelemakule ʻo ia. ʻO ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ke kūlana koa kiʻekiʻe, ka mea nui - ʻo kēia ka mea a ka haku mele i ʻōlelo ai. Akā ʻo ke kūlana laulā e hāʻawi i ka manaʻo o ka ʻelemakule. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka palaka a mākou e maʻa ai, pono i kahi luna i mau makahiki he nui e hōʻea i ke kūlana o ka laulā, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole e noʻonoʻo kekahi i kahi anecograp kaulana i loaʻa i kāna pūkaua kāna keiki ponoʻī. Akā i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 19, he poʻe ʻōpio ʻumiʻumi ʻole nā lākou iho, e nā ana o kēia lā. He hōʻiliʻili nui ko ka Herm Hermina o nā kiʻi o nā koa o ke kaua 1812. Ua pena ʻia lākou e ke kanaka Pelekane ʻo George Doe, i kauoha ʻia e Alexander I. I loko o kēia mau kiʻi, ua like nā ʻelemākule e like me Kutuzov me nā ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ʻōpio a i ʻole ka poʻe waena. ʻO Sergei Volkonsky, ka mea i loaʻa ka pae o ka pūkaua ma 25, a i ʻole Mikhail Orlov, ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia nā epaulette o ka pūkaua ma 26, ua manaʻo ʻia he poʻe ʻōpio i hana i kahi ʻoihana maikaʻi, ʻaʻole hou. A loaʻa i ka hoa aloha o Pushkin ʻo Raevsky i ka pūkaua i ka makahiki 29 no ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ua kākau inoa ʻia lākou āpau i nā regiment mai ka wā kamaliʻi mai, ua lawa ka lōʻihi o ka lawelawe ... No laila hiki i ke kāne a Tatyana ke ʻelemakule ma mua o kāna wahine e kekahi mau makahiki wale nō.
Ua lilo ʻo Alexander Berdyaev i pūkaua nui i ka makahiki 28
9. Ma ka moʻolelo ʻo A. Pushkin "Shot" aia kahi mahele liʻiliʻi, e ka hoʻohālikelike e hiki ai i kekahi ke hoʻomaopopo i nā koho no ka ʻoihana koa o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka poʻe hanohano ma Rukia i kēlā manawa. I ka regiment infantry, kahi a Count B. lawelawe, hele mai kahi ʻōpio no kahi ʻohana inoa ʻole, akā ʻohana hanohano wale nō. Ua hānai maikaʻi ʻia ʻo ia a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia, koa, waiwai, a lilo i mea ʻoiʻoi a me ka mea hoʻokūkū no ka helu. I ka hopena, iho i kahi kaua pahi kaua. Me he mea lā he mea maʻamau ia - kahi mea hou i ka regiment, kahi mea ʻōpio, hiki mai ia. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka hohonu o ke kua. Ua hele aku nā ʻōiwi o nā aliʻi kiʻekiʻe i nā kiaʻi kaʻialiʻi a i ʻole nā cuirassiers. ʻO lākou ka poʻe koʻikoʻi o ka poʻe holo lio. Ua lawa ia e ʻōlelo i nā pono hana āpau, e hoʻomaka ana me ka lio Kelemania kaumaha, a hoʻopau me nā ʻokoʻa ʻehiku o ka palapala kū kānāwai, i loaʻa i nā kiaʻi i kā lākou uku ponoʻī. Akā ʻaʻole i hoʻonā ke kālā i nā mea āpau - a no kahi hana hoʻopaʻi liʻiliʻi e like me ka wehe ʻana i ka puka, hiki i kekahi ke lele maʻalahi mai ke regiment. Akā hiki nō ke ʻike i ke kaikamahine a me kona mau mākua me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau, a ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ke koena. ʻO ka poʻe, maʻalahi a ʻilihune hoʻi, i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma ke ʻano he uhlans a i ʻole hussars. Eia kekahi mau champagne mai ka puʻu mai, a me nā peyzans i ka hayloft - noho mākou i hoʻokahi manawa. Ua make he mau koa kau lio māmā i nā kaua he nui i kēlā me kēia kaua, a ua kūpono ko lākou ʻano i ke ola. Akā he ʻano maʻamau nō ka lawena a me ka hussars o ka hana a me ka manaʻo hanohano. A i kēlā me kēia hihia, ʻaʻohe mea i hoʻololi wale ʻia mai ka pūʻali koa lio i nā koa hele wāwae. A eia kahi lunamakaʻāinana o kekahi ʻohana koʻikoʻi, akā i ka regiment pēpē holoʻokoʻa. Kipaku ʻia lākou i waho o nā kiaʻi lio, ʻaʻole i noho pū i nā lancer, a ʻaʻole hoʻi i hoʻomaha, makemake i ka poʻe koa hele wāwae - he ʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka ʻōlelo hou, hoʻonāukiuki loa. Eia ʻo Count B., ʻo ia nō, i loaʻa iā ia iho i loko o ka pēpē pēpē ʻaʻole mai kahi ola maikaʻi, a huhū, ke ʻike nei i kahi ʻuhane hoahānau.
10. ʻO Evgeny Onegin, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, i kona puka "haku" ponoʻī. Hoʻokele ke kahu kaʻa i nā lio, a kū kekahi kanaka wāwae wāwae i nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae o ke kaʻa. ʻAʻole ia he mea maikaʻi e like me nā limousine o kēia lā. ʻO nā kauka, nā kapitalista liʻiliʻi a me nā mea kalepa ke hiki ke kaʻa i nā kaʻa parokonny. Ua neʻe wale nā mea i koe i ʻehā. No laila ʻo Eugene, i ka hele ʻana i ke kinipōpō i loko o kahi kaʻa lio-hoʻolimalima, ma kekahi ʻano i hoʻokūʻiwa i ka poʻe i ʻike. Ma ka wāwae, hiki i ka poʻe o ka honua ke hele wāwae wale. ʻOiai no ke kipa ʻana i kahi hale pili, pono e waiho i ke kaʻa. ʻO nā kauā, e like me ko lākou ʻano, ʻaʻole lākou e wehe i ka puka no ka mea hele wāwae, a wehe paha, akā e waiho i ka malihini nāna e wehe a hoʻopili i kona kapa waho i kahi ʻē. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻomau kēia hanana a hiki i ka makahiki 1830
11. Ma hope o ka premiere o The Inspector General, ʻo Nicholas I, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, i ʻōlelo ua loaʻa iā ia ka mea nui loa ma ke keaka hoʻokani a Nikolai Gogol. I ka pale ʻana i ka mōʻī, pono e ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo ka mea mua, ua ʻike ʻia ka lawe kīpē ʻole ʻia a me ka hana a ka keʻena ma Rūsia ma lalo o Nicholas. ʻO ka lua, ua ʻike maikaʻi ka mōʻī i nā mea āpau a hoʻāʻo e hakakā i ka palaho a me ka pono ʻole o ka ʻohana bureaucratic. Eia nō naʻe, ua paʻa kāna mau hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā kūlana he 40,000 o nā kākau ʻōlelo, a e like me kā Nikolai iho, ua noho aliʻi ʻo ia iā Rūsia. ʻIke i ka pālākiō o ka pilikia, ua hoʻāʻo nā luna e hoʻolauna iā ia i kekahi ʻano o ke ʻano. No Gogolev "ʻaʻole e like me ke kūlana" mai ʻaneʻi wale nō. ʻOldlelo ke kiaʻāina i ka hapahā - i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia manawa ka ʻāpana hoʻokahi - no ka mea ua hāʻawi ka mea kālepa iā ia i ʻelua mau arshins (hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika) o ka lole, a ua lawe ka hapahā i kahi ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa (ma ka liʻiliʻi he 15 mau mika). ʻO ia, maʻamau ka lawe ʻana i ʻelua mau arshins. ʻO ka hapahā ma nā kaona panalāʻau i loaʻa kahi loaʻa "hema" a hiki i 50 rubles i ka lā (loaʻa nā kākau ʻōlelo i 20 rubles i ka mahina). A hiki i ka mea e pili ana i ka moʻohelu kālā o ka mokuʻāina, hoʻohuli maka makapō liʻiliʻi. A ʻo ka ʻaihue kālā a ke aupuni i hoʻopaʻi pinepine ʻole ʻia.
12. ʻO ka naivete o nā kaona i ke kenekulia 19 i hōʻea i ka helu ma hope o ka kūleʻa nui ʻana o ka "Luna Nui," ua hoʻoholo nui kekahi ua hala nā kīpaha. ʻO kekahi o nā limahana limahana, ka mea i hana ma ke ʻano he censor (!), ʻO A. V. Nikitenko, i kāna puke pai huna e hopohopo nei i kēia manawa he mea nui, i kona manaʻo, ka ikaika i ke kaua kūʻē i ka autocracy e like me ka ʻaihue mokuʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻike i kaupalena ʻia i ka manawa a me kahi o nā neʻe e hoʻihoʻi i ke kauoha ua hōʻike ʻia inā hoʻopaʻi ʻia nā lawehala āpau, e nalowale nā luna ma ke ʻano he papa, a e pau ka hana a nā lako hana mokuʻāina. A ʻo ka ʻōnaehana i ala aʻe i loko o nā makahiki kaua ua komo i loko o ka hāmeʻa i ka pae. Lawe pololei ʻia nā kīpē i nā keʻena kuhina. No laila, ke kuhina nui, inā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e like me Gogol's Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky, hoʻoweliweli ʻia kahi kanaka hanohano ʻole a pili ʻole i ka pilina me ka hoʻohuli nui ʻana i kahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki o ka hoʻomaha loa ʻana.
13. Ua hōʻea ʻo Gogol me nā huaʻōlelo a ka meia, i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka mea kālepa: "E hana ʻoe i kahi kuʻikahi me ka waihona, e hoʻonui ʻoe iā ia me hoʻokahi haneli tausani, e kau ana i ka lole popopo, a laila e hāʻawi ʻoe i iwakālua mau iwilei, a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka uku no kēlā?" I loko o nā makahiki, he hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo inā paha ma lalo ka palaho, a i ʻole ua hoʻokau ʻia mai luna, akā ua hānai ʻia, e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei, mai nā aʻa. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe mahiʻai e hoʻopiʻi e pili ana i ka mea nona ka ʻāina like ʻo Izmailov wale nō i ka wā e hoʻonui ana ʻo ia i kāna wahine, pāpā nui ʻole ʻia ka male ʻana ma kekahi o kāna ʻāina. Ma mua o kēlā, hāʻawi lākou i kā lākou mau kaikamahine i nā lima mālama o ka mea nona, a ʻaʻohe mea. A ʻo nā mea kālepa-huapalapala o ka "Luna Nānā Nui" hāʻawi i nā kīpē me ka manaʻolana e hoʻohuli nā makaʻāinana moku i ka pala a ʻōpala i nā lako o ke aupuni. A ua kūʻai aku ka poʻe mahiʻai i nā mahiʻai konohiki i mea e hāʻawi malū ai iā lākou ma ke ʻano he poʻe loea. No laila, hana ʻo Nicholas I kahi hana kōkua ʻole: hoʻopaʻi i nā mea āpau, no laila e lilo ʻo Russia i mea ʻole.
Kuhi ʻia e N. Gogol no ke kahua hope loa o ka "The General Inspector"
umikumāhā.ʻO ka Luna Leta ʻoʻIvan Kuzmich Shpekin, nāna i haʻi hewa aku i nā leka a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i nā meʻe ʻē aʻe o The Inspector General a ke hāʻawi nei hoʻi e heluhelu i nā leka a haʻi, ʻaʻole ia he mea hou a Gogol. Ua ʻike ka ʻaha kanaka e anai ʻia ana ka palapala, a ua mālie no ia mea. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope koke iho o ka pau ʻana o ke Kaua Honua II, ua wehewehe ʻia ka Decembrist Mikhail Glinka e hiki mai ana i kāna mau memo me ka ʻoliʻoli a me nā luna ʻē aʻe i heluhelu ai i nā leka o nā pio Farani i ko lākou ʻāina hānau. ʻAʻole kēia i hoʻonāukiuki i kekahi huhū.
15. Maikaʻi ʻole nā puke moʻokalaleo Lūkia i nā meʻe maikaʻi. ʻAe, a ʻo kēlā mau mea, ʻano ʻē i kekahi manawa ʻē. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ke ʻano o Starodum ma The Minor, ʻaʻole like iki me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Pēlā ke kapitalista holomua ʻo Kostanzhoglo, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia i ka lua o ka nui o Gogol's Dead Souls. Ua hoʻokau ka mea kākau i ka hana ma ke ʻano he mahalo wale nō - ka prototype o Kostanzhoglo, ka mea ʻenehana Lūkini ʻo Dmitry Bernadaki, i kākoʻo i ke kākau ʻana i ka lua o ka nui o nā ʻUhane make. Eia naʻe, ʻo ke kiʻi o Kostanzhoglo ʻaʻole ia he panegyric āpau. ʻO ke keiki a ke kau waena, i ala aʻe mai lalo, i loko o 70 mau makahiki o kona ola ʻana, ua hana ʻo ia i nā ʻoihana āpau ma Rūsia. ʻO nā moku i kūkulu ʻia e Bernadaki i holo aku ai a puni ka wai Lūkini. Ua ʻeli ʻo ia i ke gula a hana i nā kaʻa, a ua inu kāna mau waina a puni ʻo Rūsia. Ua loaʻa nui iā Bernadaki a hāʻawi nui. Ua loaʻa i kāna kākoʻo e nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me nā mea pena kiʻi kaulana, nā mea haku a me nā keiki makana. Eia ʻo ia - ke koa mākaukau o ka puke moʻolelo nui! Akā ʻaʻole, ua makemake nā mea kākau Lūkini e kākau e pili ana i nā ʻano pilikino like ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o Pechorin lāua ʻo Bazarov ...
ʻAʻole i koho ʻia ʻo Dmitry Bernadaki e lilo i koa o ko lākou manawa
